Prometheus: Humanity’s Original Sin or Salvation?

When people received the fire they were amazed by its benefit – it made preparing food faster, brought warmth in a cold area, and illuminated the darkness. The attributes of fire made survival easier for the people until the usage of it became uncontrollable. They found out that fire, when left unkempt, spreads and destroys everything in its path. As time went on people recognized the great power of fire and harassed it to do evil instead of good. People used fire to start wars, demolish forests, and burn others alive. The fact that everyone knew how to start a fire but could not stop it, proves that it should have been left with the immortals. Prometheus’ theft of fire for man irritated Zeus not only because he disliked the people but also because it gave the people the same power and knowledge as the gods. Zeus punished Prometheus for giving fire to the people by tying him to a rock and allowed a vulture to eat out his liver everyday for the rest of his life.

Another similarity between the two figures is their intention or goal. Both characters had supposedly good intentions that were tainted through the fulfilment of their cause. Frankenstein believed that, "a new species will bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me"(32). Prometheus insists that his actions had a similar impact- "I risked the bord attempt, and saved mankind / From stark destruction and the road to hell... And in a single word to sum the whole- / All manner of arts men from Prometheus learned." (Aeschylus). In both cases, these ideas, deluded or realistic, were not the actual or only outcome of their "gifts". In Percy Bysshe Shelley's interpretation of the Prometheus myth, Prometheus is faced with the consequences of his gift of fire (and of creating the human race).

Although neither his past nor his situation is different, Zeus’ character and actions in Prometheus Bound deviate greatly from his persona in the Theogony. Furthermore, this cannot be due to a chronological character development over a large period of time, since the content in Prometheus Bound is set at roughly the same time as Hesiod’s

Victor Frankenstein can indeed be seen as the modern Prometheus, by defying the gods and creating life, Victor puts himself in God's place and becomes

Throughout both stories, the roles that the serpent and Prometheus play parallel each other. They both are presented as crooked characters from the outset. Both reveal knowledge to humans that the corresponding authority figures did not want the humans to have. The serpent and Prometheus’s

First, in the story of Phaethon, Phaethon is characterized as a thoughtless and headstrong boy. These characteristics lead to catastrophic results, and help relate back to the main theme; A prideful disregard of the warnings from those who are older and wiser can quickly lead to disastrous consequences. For example, while driving the sun chariot and contemplating flying closer to Earth so everyone will see him, Phaethon exclaims, “Apollo said not to come too close to the Earth, but how will he know? And I won't stay long, just dip down towards the villages.” (53). This implies the Phaethon does not think about his actions, nor their consequences, and only does what benefits him and his reputation. Another adjective that could be used to describe Phaethon is stubborn, which is also demonstrated in this quote. It illustrates the idea that Phaethon was being overconfident and arrogant about

The manner in which Hesiod presents Zeus’s thoughts regarding his interaction with Prometheus help to provide us with a better understanding of Zeus’s characteristics. Lines 530-531 of Theogony, which describe the eventual freedom of Prometheus, stipulate that this came “not without the will of Zeus,” enhancing the efficacy of Zeus’s ultimate power. Hesiod had previously mentioned Zeus’s intelligence, but he delves more deeply into this attribute in examining the conflict at Mekone between Zeus and Prometheus. “Zeus, eternally wise, recognized the fraud and began to rumble in his heart trouble for mortals, and it would be fulfilled.” (Hesiod 552-55). Here, Hesiod’s audience begins to understand Zeus as an extremely wise, but vengeful god, an image which agrees with Homer’s Iliadic Zeus, and all other accounts of the god in ancient Greek literature. Hesiod goes on, however, to extend

Prometheus was a Titan in Greek mythology and different from the other Titans like Equality was different from the people who surrounded him; Prometheus chose not to fight against the gods in the great war. For this. he was spared from Tartarus, the equivalent of hell, and he was given the task of creating man. He made man stand upright and gave them fire. When he tricked Zeus, Zeus was outraged and took fire away from man. Since Prometheus loved man, he returned the fire for the greater good although he knew he would be punished (Hunt, para 3). This is similar to Equality’s story because Equality had always been different than the people around him in that he was defiant. Another way that their stories are similar is that they both tried doing what would be better for the greater good although it could have gotten them in trouble. Prometheus stole fire from the gods while Equality made light, which went against everything he was ever taught and broke almost every rule by taking up a different role than the one given to him. Both of these characters’ actions were unselfish and for the betterment of the people. Because of the parallels in their stories and in their character, the name Prometheus is quite fitting for

Leonard. S., & McCLure. M. (2004). Myth & knowing: An introduction to world mythology. New York, NY:

Other Greek traditions hold that there was once a Golden Age during which men knew their fate and lived free from want.  This dream world was crushed, however, when Prometheus gave fire to man and

With that it is hard to make a determination that Zeus is at fault. Hesiod version in Theogony and Works and Day, gives the impression of Zeus as scorned, angry, and justified for punishing Prometheus. This is the difference between the two stories.

Moving forward to the “Prometheus myth,” the similarities between the stories are a bit more difficult to identify, but not impossible. There are also comparisons between characters of the myth and of Frankenstein. Again, the creature is the focus of these comparisons, as he can be said to similar to the Titan, Prometheus. Each character tries to offer their assistance to humanity, but only receives punishment in response to their actions. For Prometheus, Zeus, otherwise known as Jupiter in Roman mythology, seeks what he thinks is retribution for the Titan disobeying his direct order of not granting the humans with fire. Zeus creates the “perfect” woman, Pandora, and sends her to Prometheus and his brother, Epimetheus. Pandora disobeys one of the only requests given to her: do not open the box she was given. Instead of adhering to the instructions, the woman lets her curiosity get the better of her, causing all kinds of horrors to be released into the world, which then had “the bottom

The ambiguity of the myth of Prometheus lies in its interpretation. The Greek myth surrounds the creation of man and the part Prometheus played in it. Prometheus (meaning forethought) and his brother, Epimetheus (meaning afterthought), were given certain tasks by Zeus after they fought on Zeus' side in the war with the Titans. As a reward for their loyalty, Zeus gave Epimetheus the responsibility of creating the animals and distributing their qualities, for example, strength, speed, and stamina. Prometheus, on the other hand, was given the task of creating man. Prometheus molded man out of clay, giving them the ability to walk upright so that they could be closer to the heavens and the Gods. Since Epimetheus was extremely rash in his dispersion of the traits and qualities to the animals, when it came time for Prometheus to give some to man, there were none left. So, Prometheus gave man fire, and taught him how to grow food, and how to make objects, such as tools.

Zeus hurls his thunderbolt and the world trembles. Odin invites fallen warriors in the halls of Valhalla for a drink. Jesus Christ spreads the words of his father and gathers disciples. Buddha sits and meditates the meaning of the universe. Across the world there have always been mythological stories. From the first civilization to modern times, mythologies help explain the vents of the world and attempt to provide answers for unanswerable questions. Though every mythology appears different, if one looks close enough, commonalities appear. Joseph Campbell spent his life studying mythologies and religions along with compiling the commonalities amongst them. This study on the works of Joseph Campbell focuses on the following areas:

In the play Prometheus Bound, there were many powerful characters that played a huge role in the rise of Prometheus; there is one character alone that is worth talking about. In the play, Zeus is a relatively new God in Greece. He recently became the God of Olympus. Many of the Greeks come to find out what type of God he will be. When situations arise throughout the play, Zeus shows his ruler ways in not such a good light. He is mostly described in the play to be a cruel, vengeful, and dictatorial God. Even in tough situations, Zeus still acted in a vengeful manner. A great example of his vengeance towards Prometheus, he ordered Hephaesteus to chain Prometheus to a cliff, in hope he will die, but Prometheus is a Titian, therefore he cannot die. This part in particular stood out when reading the play; Zeus shows his cruel, vengeful, and dictatorial