Pros And Cons Of Attenuated Vaccine

Through the understanding of infectious diseases, researchers have been able to create several types of vaccines to help prevent a variety of life-threatening illnesses. Scientists develop immunizations using different techniques to treat diseases. These types include: live, killed, toxoids, subunit, and conjugate vaccines. Vaccinations that are the live type use a specific process which when administered will expose the patient to the actual disease, but in a much

The key to combating these virulent diseases is to create an immunization in the general public through the use of vaccines. In an effort to build a person’s immunity towards a particular disease, vaccines that contain weakened or dead microbes are administered using a hypodermic syringe. By imitating the substances that cause the

A common alternative to the live attenuated vaccinations are inactivated, or killed, vaccines. Inactivated vaccines are produced by growing the virus in a medium and then inactivating it with heat and/or a chemical. Since the virus is inactivated, it is unable to cause infection, even in patients that suffer from immunodeficiency. Inactivated viruses are faced with limitations, however. Only viral vaccines containing the whole virus are available in this form, which includes; influenza; polio; rabies; and hepatitis A (Figure 3). The inactivated vaccinations also must be administered in multiple doses, as the first dose does not produce protective antibodies, but only primes the immune system for infection (Offit et al.. 2002). Polysaccharide

Vaccines have become an important innovation to health throughout the years. A vaccine is a product that produces immunity from a disease and can be given by the nose or the mouth.

Live, attenuated vaccine: Normally contains a version of the living microbe which is made weak in the lab, hence it can't cause any disease. Because this type of vaccine comes in close relation to a natural infection. The chief advantage is that it can offer lifelong immunity with just one or two doses. Examples are MMR (Measles, mumps, rubella), varicella (chicken pox), Zoster (Shingles)

These two articles I came across are about the anti-vaccine movement. The anti-vaccine movement oppose the use of vaccinations. A vaccine is a biological agent that stimulates a person’s immune system to produce immunity to a specific pathogen, protecting the person from a disease. Some of the activists "anti-vaxxers" and parents believe the vaccines are responsible for cases of autism, learning disabilities and death.

Injecting poisonous materials such as formaldehyde and mercury is obviously a bad idea. Unfortunately, these are just a few harmful ingredients found in many different vaccinations. A vaccine is a medical injection meant to promote the body’s natural construction of certain antibodies that ultimately prevent or control certain diseases in the body, such as the flu or chickenpox. Vaccines are controversial because of the harmful side effects, contradicting medical research, and mandatory government regulated vaccines.

The pathogen is inactivated either by heat or chemicals or radiations. These factors incapable the microbes of causing disease, but maintain some of its immunogenic properties. Such vaccines are more stable and safer than live vaccines because the inactivated microbes cannot mutate back and cause disease. Killed vaccines are safe, non-infectious and characterized with ease in manufacturing but having many drawbacks such as, these vaccines induce only weak, short-lived and insufficient immunity. As well they have many problems with stability, long-term protection, and present biosafety risks. Therefore large and multiple doses are needed to confer protective immunity, beside immunogenicity of this vaccine usually enhanced by addition of an adjuvants.

Live vaccines can be very simple to create for certain types of viruses, however it is more difficult to create for bacteria viruses. Although, live vaccines must stay refrigerated which makes it hard to deliver the vaccines to 3rd world countries. Subunit vaccines only use the antigens that will the body will recognize instead of using the entire microbe. Scientists are able to grow an entire microbe and then choose the antigens they need by breaking the microbe apart. Another type of vaccine is inactivated vaccines, which the virus is killed through treatments like heat and chemicals. Although, these types of vaccines require more doses or booster shots than a live vaccine to acquire a similar immune response as a live vaccine. This type of vaccine is able to travel to other countries due to the fact that it does not require refrigeration. If there is a bacterial disease that involves toxins, then a toxoid vaccine would be used. The toxins can be treated by a solution

specific virus you want to get treated for to your immune system. By doing this it

protect the vaccinated individual by injecting a harmlesss form of the germ into the body. This causes

Scientists use different approaches to design vaccines depending on a microbe’s fundamental information. Such information includes how the microbe infects human cells, human immune response to the microbe as well as the region of the world where the vaccine would be used. Two of the most common versions of vaccines are killed virus vaccines and attenuated virus vaccines.

“Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine” (World Health Organization, 2015, para. 1). Today vaccines come in all shapes and sizes, including attenuated and

Live attenuated vaccines are made up of the pathogen it is being used to protect the body against. The pathogen in vaccine is a weaker and more passive version of the real virus. Inactive vaccines are vaccines in which the pathogen in it has been killed already. Both of these types of vaccines create a response by the immune system to learn how to fight against it without being exposed to the much more lethal version of the the illness. Kelwalin Dhanasarnsombut in his TED- Ed video speaks about how scientists are working to develop a DNA vaccine where they just use the specific antigens the body needs to fight off the virus and it would be able to do it much

A biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease is known as a vaccine. A vaccine contains an agent that would stimulate the body’s immune system. The immune system will recognize the agent as “foreign” and destroy it, once destroyed, the body will keep a record of it so the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters. The agent in the vaccine, resembling a disease-causing microorganism, is often made from a weakened or killed form of the microbe, toxin, or one of its surface proteins (6). Vaccines have no guarantee that it will bring complete protection for a disease. This is mainly because the host’s immune system simply does not respond enough, if not at