5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusions
From this study, we realize that Ghana has had a long standing history of gold production, dating back to the colonial era: The economy continues to be a dominant gold producer in Africa and the world. Further, gold production has contributed significantly towards the development of the economy of Ghana; providing the much needed foreign exchange earnings; as well as jobs and incomes for the citizenry. The librazilization of gold production in 1989 following the Economic Recovery Program (ERP) in 1983 allowed the operation of small scale gold mining. Small scale gold production has led to increase in gold production and export, however, liberalization, gold export and the existence of small scale gold
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Given the negative influences of mining on the environment, some scholars have recommended putting an end to mining. It is the recommendation of this study that the government, policy makers and stakeholders take steps to minimize the adverse effect of gold mining, with reference to this study; illegal small scale gold mining.
On the count of bottlenecks to obtaining licenses, the Small scale gold mining act stipulates that small scale gold mining is reserved for Ghanaian citizens, and as such, obtaining licenses should be made easier and accessible to prospective miners. The government can streamline the license acquiring process by setting up offices in district capitals and empowering them to grant appropriate mining licenses with minimal cost so as to allow the average Ghanaian to obtain a license to mine. Lengthy time for issuing licenses could also be avoided with effective decentralization of the process. Bribery and corruption in granting licenses should also be tackled by establishing a complaint center and a toll-free helpline and cracking down on corrupt officials who exhort money from prospective
In early Africa, the kingdom of Ghana was prosperous due to the trade of salt and gold. Ghana’s location benefited it in many ways. First Ghana’s location allowed them to be the center of the Gold/Salt trade. Since salt was so valuable at the time, the people of Ghana were able to sell salt for gold throughout Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Middle East. Ghana also made a lot of revenue from taxes on the Gold/Salt trade route. Since they were the center
· Labor unions or organizers from the regions in or near which the mine is proposed
The mining has become a controversial topic due to the mass publicity regarding the potential danger of nuclear power and uranium mining, not to mention the objections by some Indigenous groups. The controversy is significant
The Kingdom Ghana in western Africa flourished. Ghana gained control of the salt-and-gold trade (Doc. 2). This was important because Gold was used as a currency,
Ghana: wealthy because of gold; declined because of loss of trade, drought, and pressure from outside forces
Gold and salt mines surrounded Ghana and were kept a secret from the other countries who might want to get in on the great wealth of Ghana. Another reason Ghana had an opulent economy was because people loved books and would pay a great fortune to buy them. In Document 1 it talks about how the location of Ghana was important to the economy and in Document 4, people in Ghana lived on to do great tasks, because of the knowledge they got from all the books they bought. As seen in the map in document 1, it shows Ghana located directly in the middle of 12 gold and salt mines which they kept private so no one could steal their good fortune (Document 1). In the fourth document it reads,“Here are many doctors, judges, priests, and other learned men that are well maintained at the king's costs. Various manuscripts and written books are brought here . . . and sold for more money than other merchandise” (Document 4). This is helpful because they used the mines to trade with people who did not have the opportunity to collect gold and salt, but needed it. The salt is used to keep food fresh in warmer areas, and the gold is used for trading. They also highly appreciated books and would pay a substantial of money to get them. Books started to even become more highly priced than items like merchandise. The location of Ghana contributed greatly to the rich and wealthy atmosphere of Ghana as well as
In the 1870s, Britain colonized Africa and its coasts for two main interests: gold and slaves. However, gold was limited and therefore, its quantity dried up. Soon enough, palm oil had become the “new gold” and played an immense part in Britain’s growing industrial production. The Gold Coast, in fact, had a long history of merchants and foreigners who seek to extract the many riches the land possessed. Specifically, the British had established its footing on the Gold Coasts through its advancements during the Industrial Revolution and drove out other European competitors. Slowly, Britain had gained control of the Gold Coasts and come to agreements with local rulers to remain independent, but conform to certain rules imposed by the British.
The Kingdom of Ghana was a rich and mysterious country. The Ancient country lay where Maturia, Mali, and Senegal are to day. The kingdom existed from 700-1200 A.D. but people had been living in the area since the Fourth century A.D. Ghana's Golden age was from the Ninth to the Eleventh century A.D. During this time gold was abundant along with salt and other valuable goods. These items made Ghana a rich nation where the primary income was made from trading with the Arabs and other African nations. Even though trading was the main source of income, most of the common people were farmers. These farmers grew crops like corn, wheat, and rice. All of these reasons make the Ancient Kingdom of Ghana a desireable place to move to.
A Corporation can be defined as a legal creation, however the corporation itself, would only exist on a piece of paper. A corporation will never die a natural death like humans die naturally, and corporations will always outlive the individual who created it. With that said, the corporation itself is never really committed to any employee or committed to any neighbor. However, a corporation can always demand employees, a corporation can always demand taxes that are extremely high, and a corporation can also restrict environmental laws. Corporations hold a great deal of power in today's society.
Do you think that coal mining is risky. Some people belive that it is not even worth it. But on the other hand some people probably really want their electricity. It is very risky job. In 2010, 33 chilean coal miners were trapped almost half a mile underground for 69 days as it says in the passage. wow that is a long ways down for a long time. But these people do get there money for it. There salary is $21 per hour. And we get electricity so it is a win win. Yet it is super dangerous because you could get black lung disease from long-term exposure in coal mines.
economic, social and environmental responsibilities, while making a positive and lasting contribution to the environment and communities in which it operates. However there is also a large amount of informal alluvial diamond digging – which is not currently regulated and therefore neither is its impact on the environment. This document, as the majority of diamond mining is formal, focuses on the environmental impact on this sector.
The planet Earth could be defined as one small piece to an extremely large puzzle within our Galaxy. With out, the Galaxy would not function in the same way as it does now. Inside our planet are several different resources that are used every day. Whether this is direct use such as drilling for oil, or indirect use such as over grazing our land to feed the animals that will in turn feed humans, the point is the Earth is feeling the effects of it. Some argue that we will never run out of resources, at least not in our lifetime; others believe that we are overusing resources and through this we are minimizing our chances of
In our days, mining for resources is inevitable. The resources we need are valuable in everyday life. Such resources mined up are coal, copper, gold, silver, and sand. However, mining poses environmental risks that can degrade the quality of soil and water, which can end up effecting us humans if not taken care of and many of the damages are irreversible once they have occurred.
The mining industry has seen an explosive growth from the past few decades. It has played an important role in economic growth, infrastructure development and a raise in the living standard of the whole world. According to the Australian National Accounting System, the mining sector has made contributions of 9.8% GDP growth to the Australian economy between 2008 to 2009 (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2012). However, the mining industry has caused many environmental issues such as adverse effect to air, land and water quality and continues to affect global environment as a whole. According to the World Health Organization, it evaluated that 25% of worldwide death are directly associated with environmental pollution (Blacksmith Institute, n.d). This essay will outline the environmental issue raised by the mining industry with pinpoint focus on the effects to air, water and land. It will also provide strategies for mining companies to improve the environmental conditions.
Nickel is a common metal used to produce alloys for jewelry, yet nickel allergy is prevalent, affecting approximately 30% of the population (Rothenberg). For those with the allergy, nickel causes an immunological hypersensitivity response on the area of contact, resulting in symptoms of dermatitis. Although, nickel is not a classic allergen, as it doesn’t cause the body to produce excess antibodies (IgE) that prompt cellular production of chemicals inducing the reaction. Instead, studies show that nickel itself can act as a stimulator of the cells, activating the expression of dendritic (immune system signaling cells in the skin) and endothelial cells (blood vessel walls). Nickel is an inorganic activator of the receptors in these cells and has been shown to bridge connection between receptors. That, when activated, release intracellular signals prompting the production of inflammatory cytokines (signaling molecules) activating immune responses (Rothenberg). The body reacts to the produced chemicals with inflammation, redness, and swelling. Nickel is most common among the heavy metals for eliciting this reaction, therefore, alternative hypoallergenic metals exist which retain the properties necessary to replace nickel.