Pros And Cons Of Microfossil

The sheer enormity of the Great Barrier Reef, in addition to its great age, are two of the most well-known features of this natural phenomenon. It is composed of living coral, dead coral, algae, sponges, fish, snakes and thousands of other species, both plants and animals (2011). Currently, no evidence has been discovered as to when the first human contact occurred at the reef, but the Aboriginal population may have been the first, due to their occupation of Australia for over 40,000 years (Lunar).

The site is of major geoconservation significance because of being the only place on earth where rocks from the earth’s mantle - 6 km

Since the beginning of time our Earth has experienced many changes, these changes affected Australian biota whether it be in a positive or negative way. The study of Australian fossils contributes to the development of understanding the evolution of species in Australia in many different ways, such as seeing changes in physical appearance of species, and possible reasons why the species evolved into what they did, when and why a certain species may have become extinct and evidence/proof of theories such as natural selection. Each of these goes hand in hand and helps us find out what our Earth would have been like millions of years ago.

Similarly, the Melbourne wrap has been active (Gill, 1961) leading to different faults that have decided deposition and landscape formation in the south Gippsland region of eastern Victoria (Jenkin, 1976b).

An entire new world, different from our own exists beneath the surface of our oceans. This life is full of color, shapes, sizes, wonder, and even darkness. Much of this life has yet to be explored but we still know that beneath the waves exist the most beautiful creatures and the most bizarre. Magical areas such as the coral reef and mysterious areas such as the depths of the ocean are homes to over 700,000 species that live in the ocean. This includes the eighty percent of the ocean that has yet to be explored. Even though there may be separate oceans on this planet, they are still interconnected by a body of salt water. No area of the ocean is the same, which brings us to the wonderful fact that so many different species are able to flourish

The Ocean is 70 percent of the earth surface, humans have explored less than five percent of the ocean, and is home to innumerable amount of living organisms. One of its oldest inhabitants is the Cheloniidae dates back to the Triassic era, roughly 250 million years ago, (Wang et al.,

Another rifting phase started in the early Jurassic around Pliensbachian or Toarcian (Chongzhi et al., 2013; Geoscience, 2014; Tindale, Newell, Keall, & Smith, 1998). Exmouth, Barrow, Dampier and Beagle Sub-basins were created until Middle Jurassic (He, 2002; Tortopoglu, 2015) and oceanic crust was laid down to form the Argo Abyssal Plain in Late Jurassic around 164-160 Ma during the Callovian to Oxfordian then followed by the Gascoyne and Cuvier Abyssal Plain in Early Cretaceous around 125 Ma (Fullerton, Sager, & Handschumacher, 1989; Müller, Mihut, & Baldwin, 1998). Passive margin was established in North West Shelf. Rifting phase of the basin transformed into sagging phase post breakup thermal subsidence when Gondwana breakup took place during Valanginian early Cretaceous around 134Ma. During the Campanian late Cretaceous, rifting along the Australian southern margin triggered the basin inversions and wrench reactivation of basin structures on NW Shelf. These movements arose the Barrow Island above sea level and formed Novara, Resolution and Exmouth Plateau Arch in Barrow, Dampier Sub-Basins and Investigator Sub-Basin (Figure 1) (Longley et al., 2002; Sinhabaedya,

In 1819 and 1820, hydrographer, Philip Parker Kin, undertook the methodical task of precisely chartering most of the northern Reef in detail for the first time. He commanded the Mermaid in 1819 and the Bathurst in 1820. These researchers and explorers on his crew embraced the studies we do today to know better about the reef and its creation. This could occur by examining the special characteristics of the reef, what type of species exist here, and find evidence of it evolvement over

The fossils in the lower silty layers were most likely formed below water by normal geological processes. The sea level rose covering the organisms and the layers of silt settled above them. In the upper sandy layers the fossils could have been formed above water by a sudden catastrophic event as a result of ongoing erosive processes. The conditions in which the fossils formed were likely a result of wave action which eroded the coast line until it was unstable. When the sea level receded there was a landslide covering the

No less than three distinct characteristics of neotectonic surface deformation are apparent in the Australian landmass (Sandiford et al. 2009; Sandiford and Quigley 2009). These include the one at long wave length at a few 1000’s of km, systematize varieties in the degree of Neogene marine overflow suggest that the Australia continent has tilted north-down, southwest-up (Sandiford 2007).

Despite the fact that the ocean plays a role in everything from the air we breathe to daily weather and climate patterns, we know very little about our ocean. And, most of our knowledge of the ocean lies in shallower waters. Deeper waters remain a mystery even though we are relying more and more on these areas for food, energy, and other resources. Enter ocean exploration...

Fossils provide scientists with so much information. While paleontologists obviously have a primary interest in them, geologists and many other types of scientists learn from them as well. In 1947, a geologist named Reginald C. Sprigg found impressions of jellyfish near Australia. He wrote about his discovery in a paper and labeled them as Early Cambrian. This is a time when most groups of animals were “entering the scene”. Surprisingly, he later found that they were from even before this time. The particular ones he found were called “Ediacara biota”. Upon being studied by peers, they found, “The biota is now known to have existed from 600 to 540 million years ago”.

The few facts that are known about the ocean and its processes are not a part of common knowledge. This is due to the lack of information that is advertised to the public, lack of

These techniques led to the discovery of the boundary between the two eras. A single thin layer of clay found within predominantly limestone rocks established this. By comparing the marine life found in, above, and below the clay, the marine life, like the dinosaurs, had been terribly affected by the extinction event. The percentage of life in the upper layers was dramatically lower than that in the lower. This was far more compelling than what was suggested by dinosaur’s fossils.

Beginning about 1850 Ma, we find acritarchs, spherical microfossils with thick and complex organic walls. They are probably dinoflagellates that spent most of their life floating in the plankton.