Pros And Cons Of Peripheral DEXA Devices

With this method, high and low energy X-ray beams are passed over the participant who is lying still on a table. The absorption of the beams in each part of the body is then measured to find fat and lean body mass, and bone mineral density. Some pros for this method are that you can see the fat or lean body mass in every limb individually, they are incredibly accurate tests, and it only requires you to lay on a table for a few painless minutes. Some cons of this method are that they are not easily accessible tests, you usually have to make an appointment with a local medical professional, and it can be very pricy depending on your

Bone Mineral Density. Among the site(s) at danger for osteoporotic breaks, the bone site that is generally reliably appeared in studies to be connected with decreased bone mineral thickness (BMD) in DM1 is the hip. While a few exemptions exist [43], most studies show mediocre hip BMD among those with DM1 contrasted with controls without diabetes. In a meta-examination consolidating consequences of five studies, Vestergaard showed a huge diminishment in 푍 scores at the hip (푍score: −0.37±0.16, 푃 < 0.05) among patients with DM1 contrasted with controls. Discoveries from a case control study by Eller-Vainicher and others were comparable, where a diminishment in femoral neck BMD 푍 scores was seen among patients with DM1 (−0.32 ± 0.14) contrasted with controls (0.63 ± 1.0, 푃 < 0.0001) coordinated for age, BMI, and

- Even though the X-ray expose patient to harmful radiation it is used to see inside the human body and diagnose broken bones, gallstones and later tuberculosis.

As generally stated in the introduction, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder that involves the strength and integrity of one’s bones. The WHO defines osteoporosis as, “a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low-bone mass, deterioration of bone tissue, increased bone fragility, and its susceptibly to recurrent fractures.” 2 The most important factor to take into account when addressing osteoporosis is the mass of bone, also referred to as, bone mineral density (BMD). As bone mass begins to decline, typically in the older population, specifically postmenopausal women, individuals are at an increased risk for fractures.3 As a result of this serious condition, many people are affected by morbidity, mortality, and economic difficulty.1

Safety strategies to protect your bones are important for individuals of all ages. It is imperative for everyone to protect their bones and overall health by wearing seatbelts in any moving vehicle and by using appropriate protective equipment when participating in sports. If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis, you may be more likely to break a bone as a result of a fall. In fact, most broken bones happen as a result of a fall. Falls happen for many reasons, most of which can be avoided.

Osteoporosis is a disease in which bone tissue is normally mineralized but the mass of bone is decreased and structural integrity of trabecular bone is impaired. Cortical bone becomes more porous and thinner, making bone weaker and prone to fractures. The World Health Organization (WHO)(1994) has defines postmenopausal osteoporosis abased on the bone density. Bone density is based on the number of standard deviations away from the mean bone mineral density of a young adult reference population, a T-score. Normal bone mass density is 0 to -.99 standard deviations, low bone density (osteopenia) is -1.0 to -2.49 standard deviations, osteoporosis is labeled as less than or equal to 2.5 standard deviations, and severe osteoporosis is less than or equal to 2.5 standard deviations and included a bone fracture.

Osteoporosis is the most common disease of the bone and the incidence of this condition is rising. Osteoporosis is estimated to effect 3 million people in the UK. A decreasing bone density in patient, especially in those above the age of 50, leads to bones becoming weak and therefore, there is an increased likelihood of fragility fractures. This condition is preventable and treatable however, it is often left undiagnosed and therefore, has major cost implications on the NHS. (National Osteoporosis Society, 2013a)

Osteopenia means that the bone is thinning which could lead to fractures. Bone thinning leads to osteoporosis. Decreased bone density occurs as people age. BMD determines bone strength and it peaks around 25-30 years of age. After these peak years, bone breabsorption exceeds bone building which causes a decrease in bone density.

(Kling, J. M., Clarke, B. L., & Sandhu, N. P., 2014, p. 567). Osteoporosis risk factors

Osteoporosis is an age related disorder, more common in females compared to males. Osteoporosis is defined as a “skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to increased risk of fractures (Manolagaas, 2014). Osteoporosis is defined as “a disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue (What is osteoporosis?2014). Osteoporosis is sometimes also referred as “silent thief” as the bone loss occurs very slowly and silently without any symptoms (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). The most common site for fracture due to osteoporosis is hip followed by humerus (Woltman & den Hoed, 2010) . Osteoporosis can occur at any age, although it is a disorder common in females (especially post-menopausal females). Everyone is prone to osteoporosis (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). According to Osteoporosis Canada, 1 in 3 Canadian females and 1 in 5 Canadian males may suffer fractures due to osteoporosis during their lifetime (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). Canadian health care system spends 1.2 billion dollars for the acute hospitalization caused by osteoporosis and in 2010 the health care system spent 3.9 billion dollars for the total treatment of osteoporosis (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). Osteoporosis can be screened and diagnosed by various methods; however the dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used. If the T-score values are less than -1 and greater than -2.5SD it is termed as osteopenia,

X-rays may be invisible waves found on the electromagnetic spectrum which can almost make their known danger seem of little importance because our five senses cannot measure their activity, however x-rays must not be taken lightly. Radiologic Technologist must keep in mind the dangers and gravity of the force that they are working with on a daily basis. Patients should have the right to their own safety when undergoing a medical procedure that requires the use of x-rays. Radiologic Technologist are the ones responsible for upholding this safety. They can and must do this in variety of ways that include, making sure the patient is knowledgeable about the procedure, using correct collimation to the part under examination, and by shielding the

Osteoporosis is a loss of bone mineral density often associated with old age, leading to bone fragility and fracture. Because the bones are weakened, such fractures can result from relatively minor traumas such as carrying grocery bags or even a sneeze! Fractures to the hip can be due to a fall and can significantly compromise quality of life and ability to walk. Statistics show that 1 in 4 American women and 1 in 8 American men over 50 have osteoporosis. This is a very disheartening statistic considering that osteoporosis is a largely preventable condition. Osteoporosis is also usually clinically silent until a fracture occurs, so it can go unnoticed for years. This is why bone density scans (DEXA scans) are often recommended to postmenopausal women.

In this peer reviewed article “Osteoporosis: advance in risk assessment and management” Julia Compston discusses ways in which to determine when a person is more likely to develop a fracture, the pharmacologic management of reducing that risk, along with commonly known and newly developed treatment options. This is very informative in the way that it teaches much more than what usually come to mind when we think of risks for fractures. For example, I’ve always thought age, obesity, and lack of calcium put you at risk; however Compston goes into a greater depth, even discussing the use of algorithms. Fracture risk prediction algorithms using clinical risk factors, with or without measurement of bone mineral density, have enabled more accurate

Ans :- Lateral CXR is less frequently requested and more difficult to interpret. Nevertheless it contains much information on the thoracic cage, pleura, lungs, pericardium, heart, mediastinum and upper abdomen.The lateral CXR is performed with the side of interest closer to the X-ray film, giving an effective dose of 0.05 mSv.

They also have the PID which is also known as the “position indicating device.” This allows the image to be in one general area of the patient other then all over the head and body. The PID can be moved up to the patients mouth where the x-ray needs to be done.