Prostate Cancer : The Most Common Types Of Cancer

Less than a third of men diagnosed with prostate cancer are still alive after five years

Each year approximately 233,000 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer (Eggener, Cifu, & Nabhan, 2015). In 2015, prostate cancer was the second most common cancer related cause of death among United States men (Eggener, et. al., 2015). While the majority of prostate cancers are slow growing with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 98%, statistics show that when prostate cancer is identified as metastatic, the 5-year survival rate dramatically drops down to 20-25% (Eggener, et. al., 2015). According to these numbers alone, it appears screening for prostate cancer would be a well-accepted practice. However, current methods of screening for this cancer are controversial and has lead organizations like the U.S Preventative Service Task Force (USPSTF) and the American Cancer Society (ACS) to different guidelines for screening.

A cancer cell is formed when the cell’s DNA is damaged but not repaired. Instead of the cell dying, like a normal cell, it reproduces new cells which also have the damaged DNA that the original cell had. Factors that can cause a cell to be damaged are mistakes during the reproduction of the cell, environmental reasons, such as smoking or too much sun exposure. The cancer cells form tumors which then invade the tissue of a certain body part, like the breast, lungs, brain, or prostate. Cancer can spread sometimes from body part to body part, but is named from where it starts. For instance, if somebody were to be diagnosed with breast cancer, and developed cancer in their lungs, it would be metastatic lung cancer. Metastasis is how cancer can spread to other body

A prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Prostate cancer is cancer that forms in tissue in that gland, it usually occurs in older men. Cancer comes in forms of tumors, which is an abnormal growth of cells. Malignant tumors are the cancerous tumors of the two different types of tumors. Can cause pain and interfere with normal function, but they can also cause other systems in the body to act abnormally. Malignant tumors can invade nearby groups of cells or tissues, crowding out and destroying normal cells.

The prostate is a walnut sized shaped gland surrounding the top of the urethra whose growth and function is controlled by hormones such-as testosterone. A normal prostate in adult men has a mean weight of about 11g. The function of the prostate is to produce a majority of seminal fluid (Marker et al. 2003).

Describe the immune response and the cells and structures that participate in it. Pay special attention to the different types of white blood cells as well as the structures involved. (At least 500 words.)

TREATMENT of localized prostate cancer usually includes prostatectomy and radiation therapy, occasionally augmented with hormonal therapies. However, Fu et al., (2012) have noted that recurrence of prostate cancer occurs in about 15% of patients within 5 years after prostatectomy and in about 40% patients within 10 years. Although, more than 70% of patients are expected to survive for more than 10 years after prostatectomy, radiation or hormone therapy, Cooperberg et al.,(2010) argued that localized prostate cancer patients with intermediate or high risk scores have higher mortality rate after these treatments. With chemotherapies as the existing treatment options for metastatic prostate cancers, patients are expected to have only a median survival of 12-15 months. Bono et al.,(2006). However, most of these traditional treatments are invasive and riddled with adverse side effects. Therefore, novel therapies are on high demand for the treatment of the malignant and recurrent forms of prostate cancer after these

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent nonskin cancer among men in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. While prostate cancer is most regularly diagnosed in men at the age of 65 years and older, the occurrence can begin at 50. One in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. As researchers explore this form of cancer; men also need to know it’s essential to understand early prostate cancer is treatable. By these patients exploring these insights and investigating the lived experience of older men, it can provide a positive coping mechanisms.

There are many factors that impact the prognosis of prostate cancer. One is age. Prostate cancer is uncommon in men under the age of 50. In fact, more than 85% of those diagnosed with prostate cancer are older than 65 years of age. Another factor is race. Prostate cancer is most common in men of African American descent. Weight can also factor in to the likelihood of a person having prostate cancer due to the fact that it is indicative of a diet high in dietary fats, which has been linked to prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is considered as the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, in the U. S and most cases of prostate cancer have a good prognosis. Some of these cases can be aggressive and the death-rate is assessed to be 2.8%. The Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used for screening for prostate cancer, to aid early detection and treatment.

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer and it is the second leading cause of cancer death in American men according to the American Cancer Society(ACS) ( 2016). Older age is the strongest risk factor for the development of prostate cancer. Approximately 1 in 7 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during his lifetime (ACS, 2016). There are more than 2.9 million prostate cancer survivors in the United States (ACS, 2016). The risk of dying from prostate cancer is 2.9 percent, with seventy percent of deaths occurring after age 75(ACS, 2016; Howlader, Krapcho, Neyman,Aminou et al, 2011). The use of the prostate-specific antigen testing transformed prostate cancer screening in the 1990’s (Up to date) . PSA screening for prostate

Men above the age of 70 years should not be exposed to any form of screening.

Cancer. One word, a million different emotions. Cancer is a term used to describe a group of diseases in which abnormal cells divide and invade other tissues at an uncontrollable rate. Cancer cells rapidly travel through blood and lymph systems to other parts of the body. With over 100 different types of cancers this year alone over 500,000 Americans are expected to die from cancer, making it the second leading cause of death in the US. (TLCF,2014- Thomas Latimer Cancer Foundation) Among the vast forms of cancer, prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in American men after skin cancer. Prostate cancer affects males as it is found in the prostate gland an organ found in the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer has many faucets

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the health topic I chose to do research over. This disease is commonly found in the aging male and typically begins when they are 40 years old. This disease can start during the males 40s but “he may not experience symptoms until much later depending on individual condition progress” (Callahan 284). This disease can be complex and the pathophysiology is long.

Much isn’t said about the prostate and prostate cancer in the mainstream media, except that it affects mainly men who are 40 and older. The National Cancer Institute says it’s the second most common cancer in men in the U.S., after skin cancer. It is the second leading cause of death from cancer in men.