Providing Patients And Families With Information About Their Diagnosis And Plan Essay

A visit to the emergency department (ED) is usually associated with negative thoughts by most people. It creates preconceived images of overcrowded waiting rooms and routine long waits for treatment (Jarousse, 2011). From 1996 to 2006, ED visits increased annually from 90.3 million to 119.2 million (32% increase). During this same time period, the number of EDs has declined by 186 facilities creating the age old lower supply and greater demand concept (Crane & Noon, 2011). There are many contributing factors that have led to an increase in ED visits. A few of these key drivers include lack of primary care access, rising of the uninsured population, dwindling mental health services, and the growing elderly

The overall process of discharging a patient from a hospital and the transition back home or to a care facility are critical advancements in the overall course of both acute and long-term care. It is important that the hospitals releasing these patients have ensured the proper overall course of care from beginning to end. The lack of consistency with both the discharge process and the quality of discharge planning has led to many avoidable readmissions. To reduce the amount of hospital readmissions, it is imperative that hospitals recognize the need for focused patient care and that programs are being implemented to assist in the care transition.

Readmission to a hospital creates strain and added expense for the patient and hospital; in 2011, hospital costs due to readmission were almost $41.3 billion (Hines, Barrett, Jiang, & Steiner, 2014; Rau, 2014). There are many aspects of healthcare associated with readmission, such as lack of discharge planning and education, which need to be addressed i to decrease the amount of preventable re-hospitalizations.

This model reimburses hospitals based on quality of care instead of the volume of patients. The quality of care is assessed by patient questionnaires and if hospitals are unsatisfactory penalties may be imposed (Edwoldt, 2012). The value-based system also affects Medicare and Medicaid. It was reported that Medicare readmissions within 30 days of discharge cost 17 billion dollars annually (Edwoldt, 2012). Due to the high costs of readmissions Medicare and Medicaid have implemented a Hospital Readmission Reduction program. A formula is utilized to evaluate readmission rates within 30 days of discharge for any medical reason related to their original admission such as heart failure and pneumonia. Upon review the hospital is potentially penalized. It is important that nurses strive to provide excellence in care despite their beliefs on the ACA. Nurses have the ability to provide a safe patient environment and reduce the risk of hospital associated infections by following hospital protocols such as hand washing.

Patients and given sub optimal care, are discharged prematurely, and end up getting readmitted due to not initially receiving the proper care.

In a world of budget cut and layoffs, medical corporations face new and different challenges in addition to helping and healing patients. I used to work as a medical biller in a physician’s office for five years and I experienced how difficult for the health care providers to get reimbursed. The government and the insurance companies have been limiting the budget towards the health care services. This action also affects the hospitals greatly because Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and some policymakers have requested the hospitals to reduce the

This memorandum describes Central Health’s Readmission Reduction Program set to commence in May 2017. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has raised concern over the increasing readmission rate and poor quality of care. To address this issue, Congress has created Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) statute under the Affordable Care Act, 2010, which was recently updated under 21st Century Cures Act of 2016. Under the constant pressure of a penalty, Central Health has considered to establish its own Hospital Readmission Reduction Program to address specific imperatives, such as care-coordination, treatment adherence program, and streamlined patient discharge process.

The difference between a successful discharge and an avoidable readmission comes down many times to poor care coordination on

The health care organizations have big opportunity to improve their quality of healthcare service as well as improve life quality of customers through reducing an avoidable readmission. The readmission is defined by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service (CMS) “Admission to a subsection hospital within 30 days of a discharge from the same or another subsection hospital” Hoffman, J.H. (2012). Readmissions can be classified four different categories, including (1) Planned readmission which the reason of the readmission is related to the initial admission. For example, reconstructive surgery with subsequent steps or it could be series of treatment such as cancer chemotherapy. (2) Planned but the reason is not related to the initial readmission.

Patients recognize discharge as a distinct episode in their care but, it also can skew their perceptions of the entire hospitalization. Educating, empowering and engaging the patient with pertinent information and support tools can make a vast difference in the success of their post-discharge care. The MDW is a low-cost tool designed to increase the patient’s knowledge and understanding about their medications upon discharge. Most hospitals have printed medication instructions in order to fulfill the “Meaningful Use Requirements,” that was initiated with the Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentive Program. But, there is not standardization on how and when to use the MDW in the discharge process. The goal is to have better communication about medications. We are proposing that the MDW be incorporated into discharge teaching for all inpatients. This will require hospitals to reassess their current discharge processes and then, redesign the process to improve on what they have. The existing process will be redesigned to simplify and standardize the process throughout the organization. There will not be a need for additional personnel. The roles of

Readmission cost alone account for 37.2 billion dollars annually and without intervention to could increase by 120% by the year 2030 (Schell 2014. In order to prevent these astronomical increases in cost it is imperative that health care strategies focus on reducing readmissions. The literature supports that many readmissions are preventable through self- management, which is described by Sterne, Grossman, Migliardi & Swallow (2014) as “the degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions” p. 321. Self-management guidelines are well documented to impact patient outcomes, however there are many noted barriers preventing maximum efficacy in disease control such social

In December 2015, The Joint Commission launched a campaign seeking to reduce readmissions by providing resources for both health care providers and patients to engage patients in the discharge planning process.1,2 According to voluntarily reported data collected by The Joint Commission between January 2014 and October 2015, the major contributors to 197 sentinel events were failures in patient communication, patient education, and patient rights.2 A review of communication during the hospital discharge process found that discharge summaries often lacked information on counseling, treatments, discharge medications, test results, and follow-up plans.3

Unsuccessful patient transitions of care resulting in negative outcomes is a challenging clinical problem. The perception of a medical condition and how serious it can be can differ from person to person. Adequate education and intervention given at the appropriate time can make all of the difference when it comes to interpreting and receiving a clear understanding of the treatment plan. The consequences of not following a treatment plan properly causes patients to return to the hospital emergency room with complications, which can ultimately result in being readmitted for the same diagnosis. These readmissions, which are virtually preventable, can cost patients and insurance companies

For years, healthcare costs have continued to increase in the United States and policymakers are constantly trying to find ways to reduce spending. According to reports, in 2011, about $900 billion out of the $2.6 trillion annual health care spending was wasteful spending. In the following year, there was a reported $690 billion wasted annually on healthcare. This wasteful spending is attributed to ineffective health care delivery, cost of adverse events, and poor care coordination that has led to avoidable readmissions (Lallemand, 2012). In the United States, readmissions are the highest amongst patients with chronic diseases accounting for about 90% of avoidable readmissions in 30 days after discharge, and costing the industry an estimated $17 billion. These readmissions are a result of inadequate discharge planning, lack of follow-up, and lack of education on disease management (Jayakody et al., 2016). Policymakers on the federal and state level have developed and implemented several programs, some varying state to state, to help reduce wasteful spending while improving quality of care.

Case management in the emergency department, constantly works to find the right data in a patient’s record to ensure that they have the correct insurance coverage and can be admitted or discharged at the appropriate time and place. Even when the smallest amount of essential information is not documented, this otherwise straight forward process turns into a scavenger hunt for who has seen the patient, interventions that were done and for what reasons, and at what time all of these things took place. ED case manager Veronica Kountz (personal communication, March 20, 2015) states that the inadequacy of documentation can lead to insurance companies not covering patient costs, which the hospital then has to absorb. Before a patient can be admitted or discharged, the right