Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram-negative, catalase, citrate, and oxidase positive, recognized by producing a blue green fluorescent pigment that commonly isolated from soil and water, water containing these bacteria can also contaminate food, and pharmaceutical products (Walker et al., 2004). It was reported that water with suboptimal levels of chlorine can collaborate the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Shrivastava and Upreti, 2004). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen capable of infecting both animals and humans , it is responsible for about 28% of bacteremia episodes, also a main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (Al-Daraghi and Wathiq Abbas , 2013) . P. aeruginosa has a virulence
The number of bacteria (CFU/ml) in each serum and saline sample will be Serratia in serum, Pseudomonas in serum, Serratia in saline, and Pseudomonas in saline. We will count if it is 30-300 colonies which it shows me that there is 92, 65, 293, and 150. In Serratia in serum, it is 9.2 x 10^2 CFU/ml. In Pseudomonas in serum, it is 6.5 x 10^7 CFC/ml. In Serratia in saline, it is 2.93 x 10^8 CFU/ml. In Pseudomonas in saline, it is 1.50 x 10^8 CFU/ml.
Unlike many environmental bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a remarkable capacity to cause disease in susceptible hosts. It has the ability to adapt to and thrive in many ecological niches, from water and soil to plant and animal tissues. The bacterium is capable of utilizing a wide range of organic compounds as food sources, thus giving it an exceptional ability to
The bacteria that was contained within Unknown tube #12 is believed to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Figure 1. The bacteria tested to be Gram Stain negative, producing a pink, red color retained from the staining process. When the species of bacteria was plated on nutrient media, the cells produced an irregular and spreading configuration as shown in Figure 2. This same plating test provided the margins and elevation, lobate and hilly, respectively. The specimen was stabbed in a Fluid Thioglycollate Medium (FTM) tube using an inoculated loop of the bacteria. The results of this experimentation indicate the type of oxygen requirement of the bacteria. The test found the bacteria to be aerobic as colonies of the bacteria began to form along the top of the FTM tube (Manual 2017).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a key opportunistic pathogen characterized by high-level antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation (1).Biofilm is a structured community of bacterial cells enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix adherent to an inert or living surface. Biofilmproducing organisms are more antimicrobial resistant than organisms without biofilm. In some extreme cases, the concentrations of antimicrobials required to kill biofilm positive organisms can be three- to four-fold higher than for biofilm negative bacteria, depending on the species and drug combination (2). Biofilms have great importance for public health as they are the main cause of nosocomial infections, especially implant-based and chronic infections (3). Antibiotic resistance in biofilms is due to a combination of many factors that act together to result in a level of resistance that is much higher than that of planktonic bacteria (4,5).
P. aeruginosa is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in moist environmental reservoirs such as in the soil, water and plants8, 9. P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that infects immunocompromised individuals, lending to its association with life-threatening illnesses10. In addition to pulmonary infections in CF patients, P. aeruginosa is frequently found in nosocomial infections11. As such, P. aeruginosa is recognized for its medical importance in clinical infections.
Prior to the biofilm specific research, a variety of introductory experiments were completed to investigate the general characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescens. In particular, new wrinkly spreader strains were isolated from the original SBW25 smooth strain, and these strains were tested in a variety of ways to evaluate them. These tests included a Congo Red binding assay which analyzed cellulose levels, a competition assay which measured relative fitness, and Sanger sequencing which searched for
In 1899, Thiercelin found a new gram positive diplococcus that he named enterocoque, suggesting that he believed that this bacterium had something to do with the intestines. He also described finding this bacterium in patients who had enteritis, appendicitis and meningitis (Murray). In 1906, Andrewes and Hoarder isolated this same bacterium from a patient suffering from endocarditis and they also discovered a relationship with urinary tract infections. They named it Streptococcus faecalis, again because of similarities to the human intestinal tract (Murray). Other early 20th century instances of infection where S. faecalis has been associated but not known to be definitively causative include wound infections after World War I, osteomyelitis,
Background: Cystic fibrosis facilitated chronic lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa have caused many great tribulations within the healthcare field. As a highly opportunistic bacteria, many treatments fail to fully eradicate the biofilms layers within the thick mucosal membrane, which lines the lungs of CF patients.2 The median life expectancy for CF patients is around 40 years, however those who acquire P. aeruginosa within
aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of surviving in a wide range of environments. It is an opportunistic pathogen and it is commonly associated with nosocomial infections and infections of severely burned individuals, and are a leading cause of death in severe respiratory infections1. In particular, P. aeruginosa is the leading cause of chronic pulmonary infections and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients2. Infections with P. aeruginosa are difficult to eradicate, due to their high levels of antibiotic resistance and growth in biofilms3.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a motile, rod-shaped, gram-negative organism. It is an opportunistic, nosocomial pathogen. P. aeruginosa is reported to affect around 3700 to 4000 people per year. Although P. aeruginosa is ubiquitous in the environment in things such as soil, water, and plants, it is also commonly acquired in hospitals; especially in intensive care units. It rarely occurs in a healthy person. The infection occurs in people who are already hospitalized or have a weak immune system. An example includes, how a patient who is receiving chemotherapy for cancer, has an increased risk of contracting the infection. It can be contracted through simply breathing it in through breathing machines. If it affects the lungs, it will cause pneumonia. Pneumonia is associated with difficulty of breathing.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative rod bacterium that can form a capsule. It is found in the normal flora of GI tracts in humans. K. pneumoniae can become pathogenic in patients whose immune systems are compromised. K. pneumoniae can cause nosocomial urinary tract infections and pneumonia. In immunocompromised patients, death is possible (Klebsiella). For a person (patient) to get the K. pneumoniae bacteria, they have to have direct contact with another person. K. pneumoniae is not able to be contacted through the air (Centers for Disease). Klebsiella bacteria are normally found in the human intestines (where they do not cause disease). They are also found in human stool (feces). In healthcare settings, Klebsiella
P. aeruginosa is the dominant pathogen in CF airways, although other microorganisms may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of the disease(4). P. aeruginosa infects 80% of CF patients chronically by late adolescence(4). P. aeruginosa possesses a massive genetic diversity and numerous features that are responsible for its pathogenicity and enable it to persist in the environment(4). P. aeruginosa exists in the environment as a single motile bacteria; designated as “non-mucoid form” of the microorganism(4). As colonization proceeds, alteration of the growth pattern takes place; hence improving its survival capacity(4). In the “mucoid form”, P. aeruginosa grows forming complex multicellular mucosa attached aggregates (bacterial biofilm)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen. The bacteria can cause many problems in health care facilities, especially nosocomial infections. In recent years, P. aeruginosa showed multidrug resistance against routine antibiotics (1-4). Due to the role of the resistance and its ability in environmental adaptation, P. aeruginosa is widely distributed in hospitals (5). This problem is very acute in burn
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the gram negative bacteria's most common for hospital infections (Evaluations 1). Klebsiella pneumoniae is a causative agent of bacterial pneumoniae (textbook p. 421). Most of the time, members of the genus Klebsiella are found in the soil or water and if exposed to humans it can cause a very serious form of pneumonia and inflammation in the lungs (textbook p.300).
Examination Of The Different Possible Microbes Present In The Water System Prior To Purification & Potential Damages Without Water Purification