Psychological Disorders: Chapter Analysis

An out-of-body experience is explained by few as a sense of being detached from one’s body, and if associated with other factors like a sense that the world is not real, far away, or even foggy. This with the combination of failure to recall significant personal information, or the content of a meaningful conversation forgotten from one second to the next are signs of a psychological disorder known as Dissociative Disorder. Considered as a rare and mysterious psychiatric curiosity, Dissociative Disorders will be the psychological disorder that will be discussed in this paper.

One factor that may cause learned helplessness is depression. In a study by Klein, Morse, and Seligman (1976), researchers did a study on both men and women. They wanted to know how well depressed and non-depressed people were able to answer solvable or three different types of non-solvable questions. This study consisted of 81 University of Pennsylvania undergraduates. The participants were assigned to either the depressed or non-depressed group based off how well they did on the Beck Depression Inventory. After they completed the BDI test the participants were placed into one of the question type groups. The participants were assigned to either a solvable or non-solvable group where they answered

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has a number of features. First of all, every disorder is identified using a name and a numerical code. In addition, the manual provides the criteria for diagnosing each disorder as well as establishes subtypes of a disorder and examples that would illustrate the disorder. The manual goes further by addressing the typical age of onset, culturally related information, gender-related information, prevalence of a disorder, typical clinical course of a disorder, typical predisposing factors of a disorder and genetic family patterns of a disease (Summers, 2009). The DSM-IV is a tool that is used by mental health practitioners and social service workers. As has been demonstrated

Depression is a mood disorder which is categorised by low mood and a wide range of other symptoms, which will inevitably differ depending on the individual. This mental health illness can either progress at a fast rate or steadily. Many scientific and medicinal professionals view depression as a defence mechanism that the body implements in order to escape from stress. Seligman (1973) discussed depression in terms of it being like a ‘common cold’ of psychiatry, due to how frequently it is diagnosed. The behaviourist approach accentuates the significance of the environment in regards to determining an individual’s behaviour. To behaviourist theorists, our behaviour does not relate with our internal unconscious struggles or suppressions. However, psychologists in this field use ideologies of the learning theory to explain human behaviour. According to the behavioural theory, dysfunctional behaviour such as depression is learned and so because of this, psychologists propose that it can also be unlearned. This perspective focuses on behaviour which is observable and the circumstances in which a particular individual has learnt that behaviour. As a result, depression is therefore seen by behaviourist theorists as a result of an individual’s contact with their environment.

Learned helplessness is when a human or animal realizes they have no control over something that is happening to them, such as pain, so they give up all attempts at stopping it (Myers, 2014). In another example in the video about a study on rats, after being subjected to electricity and having no way to get rid of it, the rats

The major psychological disorders fall under anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia and other disorders such as eating, personality or dissociation disorders. By classifying these disorders, scientist can then describe and predict its future course. Mental health workers view psychological disorders as patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions that are deviant, distressful and dysfunctional. The standard for what is deviant behavior is different in different cultures and in different context.

Seligman worked with dogs and small electric shocks to prove that helplessness can be learned and is not necessarily a “born with” trait. The dogs would try to escape from the pain of the shock, however nothing they did would stop it. Therefore, they learned to stop trying; they essentially gave up and became helpless. The same experiment was done with a different set of dogs, only this time the dogs could escape the shock. Dogs who were not exposed to the first experiment quickly learned that they could turn

The term Psychological disorder, known more as mental disorders or psychotic disorders. Mental disorders are patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. There are lots of different psychological disorders such as; major depressive disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, PTSD, OCD, substance use and addictive disorder. These disorders can create distress for the individual experiencing these symptoms. Psychological disorders affect most peoples daily lives some worse than others. Some people are born with psychological disorders, others may have suffered a traumatic event that opened a door in the brain that caused the disorder. There are millions of people that suffer mental or behavioral

There are a number of reasons why people don’t seek treatment for mental illness. Most people are initially scared of their disorder and find it easier to ignore the problem than to face it. Others have anosognosia and aren’t aware of their problem. The stigma of psychiatric disorders, and the misconceptions about treatment, would make anyone question seeking treatment. This, and an often inhibited decision-making process persuade many from asking for help. But how do so many of the sick wind up on the street? Viewing the problem through a social psychology perspective could provide some insight.

People decisions, attitudes, and beliefs are acquired from their cultural roots. Psychology has established social perception results from the individual’s cultural milieu. Social perception is a process that aids us to understanding others as well as ourselves. This paper will discuss anxiety disorder; examine the connection between human development and how this connection affects anxiety disorders.

The poster is going to outline the definition of abnormality and describe two diagnostic classification systems whilst referencing the diagnostic criteria for Schizophrenia and an overlook of its subtype catatonic schizophrenia.

A Beautiful Mind illustrates many of the topics relating to psychological disorders. The main character of the film, John Nash, is a brilliant mathematician who suffers from symptoms of Schizophrenia. His symptoms include paranoid delusions, grandiosity, and disturbed perceptions. The disease disrupts his social relationships, his studies, and his work. The more stressful his life becomes the more his mind is not able to distinguish between reality and fantasy.

by the brain to other parts of the body are not normal in people with

Learned helplessness occurs when a person is repeatedly exposed to an aversive stimuli and feels that no matter how much they try to escape; they are not successful. Therefore, they tend to cave in since a sense of being helpless has been developed to escape the situation. Early studies on the idea of learned helplessness occurred accidently since psychologists were initially studying avoidance learning in dogs. These dogs were subject to a few foot shocks and at first would attempt to escape the shock however, these dogs later on stop attempting to escape and would submissively accept the foot shocks. Then these psychologists tried numerous situations to examine this sensation by placing the dogs in different cages where it would be easier

Jeffrey was arrested in the same year, 1988, for sexually fondling and drugging a young teenage boy (age thirteen); for this, he was put on probation for five years and for one year he was assigned to a work release camp where he was registered as a sex offender from the incident with the thirteen year old boy. Due to good behavior and a built up trust with the authorities, Dahmer was paroled from his work release camp two months early.