Psychological Perspectives of Freud, Horney, Jung, and Sullivan in Application
Psychological perspectives vary and develop over time, early theories provide foundations for new perspectives concerning the workings of the psyche: functionality, structures, origin of behaviors, and discourse procedures. In consideration of the fore mentioned psychological aspects one must as well study the theory epoch. Consequently, technology such as transportation, testing equipment and instruments, ethical, legal, and cultural considerations, within theorist’s lives and applications reflect the era of theory creation and limit accessibility and opportunity.
As social climates advance, the outcomes impact evolving theories, accordingly legal, ethical and cultural perspectives evolve along with environmental, societal, technological, and psychological approaches. This report will analyze the application of the theories of Sigmund Freud (1856 –1939), Carl Jung (1875 –1961), Karen Horney (1881- 1952)and Harry Stack Sullivan (1892 – 1949) (Cervone, 2012) (Cervone 2013). Consequently, how each therapist’s might apply their theory or modifications to existing therapies in the recognition of problematic events and specific concepts of their theories for the application in the treatment of the customer. In summation, there will be an interrogation of the legal, ethical, and cultural implications of each theory as applied to evaluate the following event.
Joe is a 19 year old, Chinese male.
The Psychodynamic Model, developed by Sigmund Freud, views the cause of mental disorders as the result of childhood trauma, anxieties, and unconscious conflicts. According to Freud, human behavior tends to express instinctual drives that function at the unconscious level. These instinctual drives can be afflicted with sexual or aggressive impulses and any threatening experiences that we block from our consciousness which results in emotional symptoms.
Psychoanalysis is an approach to psychology that was made well known as a way to bring for the unconscious to the conscious. It is theorized that the memories that we store in our unconscious affects us, and can cause neurotic behaviors. The approaches also include Analytical, Individual. Three people that worked on these theories are Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler. Each of these men approached psychoanalysis in both similar and individual ways, and have their own theories that will be further discusses within this essay.
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis. Although, for the most part, his theories are not as accepted as he originally intended, his fundamental ideas are used often in terms of neo-Freudian theory. He constructed the idea of the unconscious, as well as the id, ego, and superego. Now, it is quite understandable, on a superficial level at least, why sex was the main topic which Freud's theory revolved. The time was one of sexual suppression, even to the degree of covering piano legs with cloth because they were deemed too sexually stimulating. Therefore, the natural course of belief for Freud was that there was a stress and conflict in the minds of the people due to the sexual suppressions of their innate
The psychoanalytic theory by Sigmund Freud has always been argued to be one of the most controversial theories in the school of psychology. Critics have questioned how relevant the perspective of Freud is due to the fact that it holds no scientific basis. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality argues that human behavior is the result of the interactions among three component parts of the mind: the id, ego, and superego. This theory, known as Freud's structural theory of personality, places great emphasis on the role of unconscious psychological
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, is always an interesting topic. His view points and interpretations of human behavior have always made me take a deeper look at myself. New ways of seeing things, or figuring out weird things that you do are really common behavior have always fascinated. Talking about Freud, there is never a dull or boring moment, there is always some way you can look at yourself and see something you didn't see before.
The concept of psychological evaluation covers a range of techniques and theories that have evolved and developed throughout history. Understanding and comparing different theories to explain behaviour is important to further understand the behaviours of humans, how these behaviours are explained by psychologists and how these theories have changed over time and compare to each other. Psychodynamic theory, developed first by Sigmund Freud, attempts to explain human behaviour in relation to subconscious processes outside of the individuals awareness, that have their origins in childhood experiences (Deal, Kathleen Holtz, Psychodynamic Theory, Advances in Social Work8.1 (2007): 184-195.). Freud developed Drive Theory, founded on the belief that
Psychodynamic Approach was first established by Freud in the 1880’s (Reeves 2013). It can be defined as a therapy that distinguishes individuals based upon the collaboration of initiatives and influences within the person, predominantly unconscious, and amongst the diverse forms of their personality (Hough 1994). Hence the counsellor’s aim is to support the client in bringing their unconscious mind into consciousness.
You brought up a good point by mentioning how someone who is aggressive is likely going to be aggressive whether they are someone of high-status or low-status. I think that Freud’s hydraulic theory can be used to describe how people of all statuses can exert aggressive behavior’s. Freud theorized that humans were born with an instinct toward life, called Eros, as well as a powerful instinct toward death that can lead to aggression, which Freud called Thanatos (Aronson, 2012). Using this notion it could be suggested that the more stressors and conflict one experiences, the more likely they are to express their aggression.
Sigmund Freud is unarguably one of the most influential individuals in the field of psychology. His theories and ideas were revolutionary to his time and his experimental psychoanalysis of patients would lead to ideas that were hailed as revolutionary. Although, his ideas were groundbreaking, at times he was heavily criticized for pronouncing the importance of a person’s repressed sexual origin the basis of his patient’s psychological problems (Thorton, S., Internet Encyclopedia of Philosphy) . Freud was a neurologist that introduced psychology into psychiatry (Jung, C. 1989, pg. 114). Although his ideas were often denounced by the medical community as having no medical basis, he had a loyal following of pupils and fellow psychologists. Along with Freud, these pupils and colleagues would develop the International Psychoanalytic Association. Carl
Freud psychodynamic approach to behaviors suggests that in order to understand why an individual exhibits certain behaviors you must get inside of the unconscious mind. Humans have always needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to survive, which means that we have an inmate awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities. First of all, we have a strong need for safety and security and we look for those things in our environment. For instance, when we are relocating to a new neighborhood we look for one that appears quiet and serene but still offers what we consider to be the right stimulus. The biobehavorial effect on human behavior suggest that it's causes come from organic defect. In other words, something
Sigmund Freud is one of the most influential people in the world of psychology. Even though Freud, himself, was not a psychologist, he is the founder of psychoanalysis. Freud is most known for his claims that all psychological issues can be linked to sexual issues. Even though Freud’s theories are some of the most controversial, some parts of his theory of psychosexual development are still generally accepted by the psychologists today.
The psychodynamic perspective stems from the work of Sigmund Freud. Freud distinguishes between the conscious and the unconscious; our conscious mind is where we are aware of our motivations for behaviour and which we can verbalise explicitly, however this perspective believes that this is only a small part of our psychological make-up. The unconscious mind is where our motivations for behaviour are often complex and related in some way to sex, and largely hidden from our conscious mind and this is believed to be the driving force.
Sigmund Freud was born in Frieberg, Moravia, in 1956. Four years later, he moved to Vienna, where he would continue to live and work for much of his life. He was a brilliant student and entered the University of Vienna when he was seventeen, with a plan to study law. However, he ended up deciding to join the medical faculty, where his studies included philosophy, physiology, and zoology. He graduated in 1881 with an M.D.
From a modern perspective, we can see that the results were produced by the hypnotic suggestion of a fluid draining from the body, a wonderful healing metaphor that wouldn’t be out of place in a 21st century hypnotherapy practice. Even Mesmer realized that the magnet had nothing to do with the cure. His system rested on the belief that illness was caused by depleted levels of animal magnetism, and that these could be replenished by the healer transmitting some of his own abundant magnetic force across the ether to the patient. The magnet was simply a device that allowed this to happen, along with the complex and lengthy sequence of hand gestures and touch known as the “mesmeric pass” (Kirsch et.al., 1995).
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, is predominantly recognized as one of the most influential and authoritative thinkers of the twentieth century. Freud gave a broad perspective on things involving dreams, religion, and cultural artifacts while still focusing on different states of the mind, such as unconsciousness. Freud also relied on a local sexual repression issue to create theories about human behavior. His theories and ideas of psychoanalysis still have a strong impact on psychology and early childhood education today. Freud’s most important claim is that with psychoanalysis he had invented a new science of the mind, however, remains the subject of copious critical debate and controversy.