Psychology and Health Issues Program Review

Uncontrolled diabetes can affect nearly every organ of the body; of which, heart disease and kidney failure are most commonly impacted. Known as diabetes mellitus, a collective term for various blood abnormalities, the term diabetes refers to either a scarcity of insulin in the body or the body’s inability to accept insulin. Though the symptoms of diabetes are manageable, many are unaware as to having it. According to the CDC report “2011 Diabetes Fact Sheet,” approximately 6 million people in the United States have undiagnosed diabetes. Undetected, diabetes can become deadly. In a recent World Health Organization report “Diabetes Action Now: An Initiative of the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation,” it

As the years go by, society starts to progress and develop many fast and easy solutions for everything. Not only are the easy solutions being created but the cost of living is increasing making people to work harder and later and not have time to have a healthy lifestyle. Fast foods are everywhere you go and not only is it fast it is also cheap making it harder to get a decent healthy meal. Due to society changing so much, diabetes is on the rise. What is diabetes? Diabetes is several diseases that are characterized by high levels of glucose that are the results of the insulin action or production. “The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.” (CDC) If diabetes is not taken seriously, it can have severe damages that include organ failures or damages and even death.

The most important aspect of dietary management of diabetes is carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates found in breads, cereals, potatoes, vegetables and other foods raise the blood sugar approximately the same amount as simple sugars. Carbohydrates and the glucose they generate are an energy source. Insulin produced

The risks of diabetes, especially in seniors, are serious. In addition to the direct complication of elevated blood sugar, diabetes can lead

Diabetes is a disease that runs on both sides of the family. On my father’s side, I have an aunt and grandma whom have recently been diagnosed with diabetes. On my mother’s side, my grandpa along with many of his siblings has had diabetes as long as I can remember. I also have a few uncles with prediabetes. Prediabetes is when a person has a higher blood sugar level than normal but isn’t quite high enough for the person to be considered diabetic. Each one of my family members that have diabetes has been diagnosed as Type 2. Type 2 diabetes does run in families, it has to do with genetics as well as children following in the footsteps of their parents. Adults with children are constantly setting bad habits and may not even realize it. Eating healthy and getting exercise is a habit that everyone needs to learn. According to the American Diabetes Association, if you have type 2 diabetes, the risk of your child getting diabetes is 1 in 7 if you were diagnosed before age 50 and 1 in 13 if you were diagnosed after age 50. A child 's risk is also increased when the parent with type 2 diabetes is the mother, and if both parents have type 2 diabetes, the child 's risk is about 1 in 2. Although neither of my parents currently have diabetes, the disease could still be passed on as the years pass by, my younger brother and I could still be at risk for developing diabetes, which is why I am taking every precaution I can at the young age of nineteen.

One factor affecting the cause of Type 2 Diabetes is age. Age affects the cause of the disease as individuals over the age of 40 are more likely to contract it. This is due to the lack of exercise and unhealthy eating that individuals may be doing, leading to weight gain. Over 65's are at a greater risk as they become a lot more inactive, due to retirement and not going out to work everyday, than those over the age of 40. Over 40's may be less likely to

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes which affects 90% to 95% of the population. In the United States, approximately 1.7 million new cases of diabetes were identified in 2012 and the disease affects 29 million Americans, or 9.3 percent of the population (Statistics About Diabetes, 2014). In 2012, the total financial burden of diabetes was estimated to be $245 billion which included $176 billion in direct medical costs and $69 billion in reduced productivity (American Diabetes Association, 2013). Those who have type 2 diabetes are unable to control insulin levels resulting in a condition called insulin resistance. In the first stages of the disease your body attempts to

Diabetes Type 2 is a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). Researchers don 't fully understand why some people develop type 2 diabetes and others don 't. It 's clear, however, that certain factors increase the risk, including: Family History: If parents or siblings develop type 2 diabetes, your risk of developing it increases. Weight: The more fatty tissue you have, the more resistant your cells become to insulin. Being overweight is a main risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes. Inactivity: Being physically active helps to control weight, makes your cells more sensitive to insulin, and uses glucose as energy. Therefore, being inactive puts you at a greater risk of being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes. Age: After age 45 the risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases. Researchers believe this is true because people tend to exercise less, lose muscle mass and gain weight as they get older. Race: African Americans, Hispanics, Asian-Americans, and American Indians are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes that Caucasians. Prediabetes: Prediabetes is a condition in which your blood sugar level is higher than normal, but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. Left untreated, prediabetes

Being overweight is a primary factor to diabetes due to the storage of fatty tissue. The more it is, the more resistant to diabetes and individual is. With fat distribution, the body stores more fat in the abdomen, the risk factor to Type 2 diabetes is greater. Inactivity due to no exercise or inability to move normally makes cells inactive to insulin. Family history increases the risk if a parent and/or sibling has type 2 diabetes. African Americans (race) are the most likely to develop diabetes than any other race. The older we get, the less we are to exercise, lose muscle mass and gain weight. Untreated pre-diabetes will eventually turn into type 2 diabetes as well as gestational diabetes when pregnant. (Centers for Disease Control, pg.2, 2012)

Diabetes mellitus is a medical condition that either develops because of a virus or develops over time as a result to poor diet and exercise. If left uncontrolled it may lead to serious complications such as stroke, vision loss, amputation, or even death. Type II Diabetes is a preventable disease that usually occurs when a patient has been a pre-diabetic for some time. Most people with Type 2 are overweight or obese which can lead to insulin resistance. “In the United States, 25.6 million or 11.3% of adults aged 20 years and older had diabetes in 2010. Non-Hispanic Blacks had the highest prevalence at 12.6% compared with non- Hispanic Whites at 7.1%” (Gaskin, D. J. et all, 2014). With the rising cost of healthcare there are millions of Americans

When one hears the term diabetic or diabetes, most people not associated with the medical field think of only one type or that diabetes is an all inclusive "sugar problem". The reality of diabetes mellitus is both complicated and simple at the same time. There are two types of the disease that will usually cause either low blood sugar or high blood sugar: type 1 (juvenile-onset), and type 2 (adult-onset). The root issue with both is actually an insulin production problem. Type 1 is called insulin-dependent diabetes and it’s on set is usually in childhood. Type 2 is called non-insulin dependent diabetes, and it’s onset is typically later in life.

Diabetes is a disease that involves the hormone insulin. Although not every individual with type 2 diabetes is overweight, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that nearly 95 percent of diabetes cases in the U.S. are due to obesity and physical inactivity.

Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, affects 9.3% of the U.S population. The prevalence is much higher in the population of age 65 or older, reaching 25.9%. It was the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S in 2010, evidenced by a total of 234,051 certificates including both underlying causes and contributing causes. Multiple factors contribute to the development of diabetes, although the exact pathogenesis is still undetermined. Patients with diabetes usually require a lifestyle change, diet modification, medication management, or even surgery to control symptoms or disease progression.

There are several characteristics that can contribute to type-2 diabetes, although they will not cause diabetes to occur in all people who have those characteristics. One of the most significant characteristics seen in people with diabetes is weight (Kumar, et al, 2005; Vijan, 2010). Overweight and obese people are much more likely to have diabetes than

Most type 2 diabetes occurs n the middle-aged adults, frequently after age 45. According to American Heart Association, over 230,000 U.S. deaths per year contributed by Diabetes. Many of the Type 2 diabetes are not aware they have the disease and may already have developed various health complications associated with it. There are many characteristics of developing pre diabetes. Some of risks are beyond individual’s control such as age, family history, race or ethnicity background and/or history of gestational diabetes. If people do not take care of their health and improve overall quality of life, the risk factors increase. Risk factors include obesity, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, and abnormal cholesterol levels that can also risk cardiovascular disease.