Public And Private Security Organizations

Over the past twenty years, civilization has seen vast changes in which our society performs and operates. “Security sector is a broad term often used to describe the structures, institutions and personnel responsible for the management, provision and oversight of security in a country. These can include defense, law enforcement institutions, corrections, intelligence services, border management, customs, elements of the judicial sector, management and oversight bodies, civil society groups and other non-state actors, among other elements.

Private security is described as an industry that provides private and corporate security programs to the United States. Public security is described as government officiated jobs that protects the citizens, institutions, and organizations. In the nineteenth and earlier twentieth centuries, security in the public and private sector were very corrupt. The first paid public police department was created in Boston in 1838, followed by New York City in 1845 and Philadelphia in 1854 (Dempsey, 2007). Following, there were several other cities that also developed their respective public police organizations.

One of the most important components of the security and safety of individuals and the society in general is the private security industry. This industry has constantly evolved since its inception to an extent that it is currently responsible for safeguarding most of the country’s institutions and the critical infrastructure systems. Moreover, this industry also caters for protection of sensitive corporate information and intellectual property (Strom et. al., 2010). Given the evolution and development of the private security industry, many individuals, businesses, and organizations are increasingly relying on private security for protection, security, and safety. This is primarily because the industry provides numerous functions including safeguarding workers and property, conducting pre-employment assessment, and carrying out investigations. However, private constantly has a long history and has continued to evolve to respond to the ever-growing security needs and demands in the society.

The need for private security continues to grow and the entire field has seen a huge spike especially after 911, with the being said there is an unlimited opportunity for those interested in a career and/or job security. The use of private security has been around for many years and public policing has history in America and other countries with it being originated as more of a neighborhood watch by ordinary citizens during the evening, hence the name watchmen. Both private and public police share some of the same responsibilities and duties. Both officers maintain watch, observe, and react to criminal activities. Their presence alone serves as a deterrent to would be criminals. They both also have general duties such as patrolling specific

Week 3, the lecture on Managing Change describes organizational changes that occur when a company makes a shift from its current state to some preferred future state. Managing organizational change is the process of planning and implementing change in organizations in such a way as to decrease employee resistance and cost to the organization while concurrently expanding the effectiveness of the change effort. Today's business environment requires companies to undergo changes almost constantly if they are to remain competitive. Students of organizational change identify areas of change in order to analyze them. A manager trying to implement a change, no matter how small, should expect to encounter some resistance from within the organization.

Private security is growing rapidly throughout several countries. Usually security is militarized to assist with the rise in criminal activity mostly in the urban areas in Trinidad and Tobago. Although the private security continues to answer the call when it comes to forces of globalization and privatization of the challenges of public security and its limited resources (Anyanwu 2012).

However the process of managing change needs to be proactively managed, rather than reactively as ‘change’ can be scary for employees when it is imposed on them. Another reason being is that employees know what their current job entails and how to do it, after the change employees may think they will be incapable of fulfilling the role. Therefore communication is key to all ‘Change Management’ activities. As a manager one needs to be experienced and confident with their leadership skills, commitment, responsibility, and authority, these are all the attributes needed for Change Management. (Oden. 1999 p9)

1.1 Change management is described by Armstrong (1) as “the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically taking into account the likelihood of it being resisted”. Change, the fundamental constant in any successful organisation, can be adaptive, reconstructive, revolutionary or evolutionary and can happen for a number of diverse reasons:

If change is forced on people normally problems occur. Change must be realistic, achievable and measurable, so as managing director it is extremely important to understand how to engage employees, and lead the business, in working around this change (TFG 2014). Change management enables employees to adopt a change so that business objectives and outcomes can be achieved.

In order to survive and prosper in a rapid changing environment of business world, organization is often required to generate fast response to changes (French, Bell & Zawacki, 2005). Change management means to plan, initiate, realize, control, and finally stabilize change processes on both, corporate and personal level. Change may cover such diverse problems as for example strategic direction or personal development programs for staffs. In this

Change Management, if implemented well, has the ability to make transitions positive, possible and profitable. It goes without saying that change is a part of life. From the moment we are born until the moment we pass away, change is occurring in us and around us. That being the case, it needs to be clearly stated that organizations, companies and institutions are much like individuals. No organization is able to exist without the people that work within their walls or the clients that utilize their services or products. If change is inevitable and constant

The American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS) is today’s main association of private security. The year of 1955 is considered the beginning of the modern age of security. Private security was needed everywhere, in hospitals, hotels, retail etc… as stated in (chapter 2, P.38) that ‘’ Retail establishments, hotels, restaurants, theaters, warehouses, trucking companies, industrial companies, hospitals, and other institutional and service functions were all growing and facing a serious need to protect their property and personnel’’. After the events of 9/11, private security agencies were required to play more roles in crime prevention. Private security agencies were required to review and standardize their method of training and to review the pay of employees. Lot of recommendations have been made to improve the education and training, above all the extension of training time.

Change is a common thing that happens all around us on a daily basis sometimes even without us noticing. It can range from family level to international levels, likewise in time frame it can happen on a daily basis, a monthly, yearly or even a decade. In the words of Senior & Fleming (6) Change can be simply defined as process of moving from one state to another. It is this transition that creates distress to the people due to fear of the unknown. We can not stop change but rather we can only manage it. So then what is change management?

Change management is an approach ofmodifying people, teams and organizations from the present status to a future preferred status in order toimplement a certain strategy. It is an essential function in any project of an organization because it continuously enables an organization to stay current with other organizations in the marketplace. Change is essential for every organization. In order to achieve desirable utility change must be effective, successfuland most importantly sustainable (Jack Walker et al, 2007). Change management involves detailed planning and effective implantation of the change as well as in depth discussionand inclusion of the people who would be affected by the scheduled change. For change to be effective it should sound realistic, measurable and achievable.For an organization to always adapt to the competitive market environments, change management should be permanent business function that will improve the organization productivity and increase profits.

Change management is an approach of modifying people, teams and organizations from the present status to a future preferred status in order to implement a certain strategy. It is an essential function in any project of an organization because it continuously enables an organization to stay current with other organizations in the marketplace. Change is essential for every organization. In order to achieve desirable utility change must be effective, successful and most importantly sustainable (Jack Walker et al,). Change management involves detailed planning and effective implantation of the change as well as in depth discussion and inclusion of the people who would be affected by the scheduled change. For change to be effective it should sound realistic, measurable and achievable. For an organization to always adapt to the competitive market environments, change management should be permanent business function that will improve the organization productivity and increase profits.