Public Health And Medical Care In The United States

In our first week of class, we have looked at the first three chapters in, Health Care Delivery in the United States. The first chapter talks about how the health care system has moved from a mindset of restoring a person’s health, into the phase of preventative medicine, which we see now. This has resulted from measurement of how the health care system is working, and with research looking at patients throughout the years. We now know, that any problem, disease, or condition, should be treated early or prevented if possible. The health care system has been working with public education to make citizens aware of what tests and preventative programs will be of assistance to them. (Knickman & Kovner, A., 2015).

emerge as a professional entity until the beginning of the 20th century, with the progress in biomedical science. Since then, the

I have chosen to review the “ Trust for America’s Health. Preventing Epidemics. Protecting People – Ten Top Priorities for Prevention.” In 2012, US has spend about $ 2.7 trillion on Nation’s health which covers mainly the services provided to treat the sick and harm people. Government public health activities expenditure was just 3%, which means that it was about $75 billion (Turnock, 2016, p.77). It shows that very little was spend on the interventions for the prevention of disease which is basically the major step to cut down the health care cost of United States.

In the whole of the United States, the Public Health System comprises of the National, State and community, often referred to as Local agencies (Slover, 2005). As opposed to Medical Care, Public Health focuses on the promotion of health in the community. It, further, promotes and enhances prevention of diseases and injuries to the community members. As such, the primary goal of the Public Health System lies in the promotion and protection of health in the local community (Slover, 2005).

The health of the American people lags behind those from other developed countries. Federal public health agencies have a wide range of responsibilities and functions which includes public health research, funding, and oversight of direct healthcare providers. It has been a long time since changes have been made to the way the federal government structures its health care roles and programs outside of Medicare and Medicaid (Trust, 2013). With healthcare reform on the horizon now is the time to invest time and money in prevention, not medicine, making it a top priority to improve health and prevent disease. Funding efforts at all levels of the public health continuum need to focus on developing programs aimed at such leading initiatives

The United States is one of the richest countries in the world, yet the health care system is not something that the government wants to pay for. The United States has private insurers that pay for health insurance, instead of being a single-payer system like a majority of the world. A single-payer system is when the Government pays for the health insurance without the help of private insurers. Although it is not the best, health care in the United States has improved. An earlier practice of medicine was when anyone could perform medical needs like surgery. You did not need to pass any board exams or need a license. In the 1850s, there was a hospital system that was finally developed, but the only problem was that the care provides were untrained. In 1847 the American Medical Association, AMA, was created to set standards of medical education. Public health also changed in the 1800s with three important events happened. Those events included Edwin Chadwick, who founded one of the most important documents in public health, General Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain. John Snow then did research and founded that the contaminated water in London was the cause of the cholera epidemic in London. And then, based of off Chadwick’s and Snow’s findings, Lemual Shattuck generated a public health law that is now the foundation of the public health movement. In the 1950s, there was government grants that helped support medical schools. In 1970,

The period of time from 1850-1900 the focus was on epidemics resulting from conditions of food, water, housing and conditions of life (Williams & Torrens, 2008). The next major changes to healthcare in America was from 1900 to World War II the focus was on acute events, infections that affected the individual and not the group, as well as, the beginning of organized trauma care. Chronic diseases were the primary focus from World War II to 1980 focusing on diseases such as heart disease, cancer and stroke. 1980 to the present chronic diseases are still a focus with the addition of Behavioral disorders, as well as, prevention. Attention is paid to environmental hazards and working conditions. There are other factors not mention here, such as, patient education and response to terrorist

The National Institute of Health's article states that the commencement of the 21st century helped with the provision of a preview of the numerous challenges that the US would face in the coming decades. The article's areas of focus that would help change the health of America's population include the adoption of a population health approach that gives consideration to health determinants, the strengthening of the public health infrastructure of the government, the development of accountability systems to enable the assurance of the quality and availability of public health services, and others (Curry, 2005). Furthermore, the report suggests several findings that would help enhance America's public health. For instance, the article suggests that appropriate education and training should be provided to the public health workforce if America's public health is to undergo a significant evolution. Despite NIH article's findings and commitment to change America's public health, no significant efforts have been channeled towards the elimination of the health challenges faced by a huge percentage of America's population. Essentially, America is yet to realize its goals of eliminating incessant health challenges. Today, in the US, the obesity rate has soared from 27.6% to

Conditions such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes account for 75% of health care spending in the United States and (cdc.gov). However, many of these chronic conditions are preventable with proper preventative screenings and care. The passage of the Affordable Care and the expansion of Medicaid increased the number of preventative care services available to Medicaid beneficiaries, however there are still many barriers preventing people from getting proper care. This policy paper analyzes possible options to improve access to preventative health services and then provides recommendations. This policy brief is targeted towards the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid who administer the Medicaid program as well as state agencies that regulate the Medicaid program in each state. The CMS has the power to help prevent diseases in a large population of people and this brief will argue why it is their responsibility to do so. The purpose of this brief is that Medicaid administrators will realize the gaps in coverage and implement reforms to help some of the most high risk people in the United States.

The barriers to receiving effective public health treatment are nothing short of intimidating. Many people in the United States could die if they do not receive adequate public health that take care of their diseases. The government need to create available programs to deal with the increase of diseases and with the aging U.S. population. Invasive and debatable actions sometimes are needed it to find the causes of some diseases.

Three forces that are driving the change to EHR are rising healthcare costs, the lack of quality care being provided, and the government’s response to the two. More than one-sixth of the American economy is committed to health care spending and the percentage is continuing to rise yearly (American, n.d.). Unfortunately, the U.S. operates a stagnant healthcare system that is estimated to cost American citizens approximately $2.7 trillion annually. Experts agree that 20 to 30 percent, which is equivalent to $800 billion of the U.S. yearly health care spending is inefficient, wasteful, and redundant (American, n.d.).

In the United States today, at any given time, there are more than forty-one million people who are without health insurance. The United States Government actuaries states that the healthcare spending in the U.S. will double by 2015-to-more than 12,300 per person and account for 20 percent of the nations GDP. U.S. healthcare costs have made health insurance too expensive for many employers to offer health insurance. Health coverage alone is taking away more than a quarter of worker’s earnings. Fewer employers are offering health insurance in America. Under President Obama, the current administration firmly believes that comprehensive reform should reduce long-term growth of health care costs for businesses and government, protect

Around the world, many wealthy nations provide universal health care to their citizens (excluding the USA). Countries like Canada, the UK and France are prime examples. They provide well thought out services to their citizens and ensure them to obtain the health care they require for any medical reason need be. While some countries are grateful, or maybe even take for granted of the health care they receive, undeveloped nations struggle to find the care they need. Health provision is challenging in these countries due to political, economic and environmental conditions. In order for a nation to live within environmental limits, they should ensure they have a strong and healthy society, but in order to obtain such success a sustainable economy plays a key role. Africa is a prime example to use when discussing the environmental causes that affect one 's health. Africa has a widespread list of environmental impacts that considered it unsafe to numerous living standards. Not only unsafe, but the citizens are prone to an abundance of diseases such as Ebola. With a low economy, such as Africa, the finance to provide health care and increase life expectancy does not exist. Hospitals also have trouble finding properly trained and educated staff to be able to take care of all the people requiring medical attention. Geographic 's majorly affects people 's health, but economics is a priority when it comes to health care services. People who do not receive the health care they required

With its prevention based programs and educational outreach, “achieving these targets will result in lives saved and suffering avoided and will contribute to cost containment. Reform of the medical care system per se, however, will not make this vision a reality” (“Health Care Reform and Public Health”, 397). In order to enact change, it must come from the population level because good habits among groups of people can spread while medical care can get some individuals better but not all. But many of these groups are unaffected because of health disparities and back “In 2000, the CDC identified ten public health challenges for the nation” with one of them being “Eliminate health disparities among racial and ethnic groups” (Shore, 3). Many populations are being discriminated and treated poorly because of their socioeconomic status, race, and where they live. Some may be getting the preventative care needed, but the role of public health is to maintain health for the population and not the individual. America is growing; growing with more ethnically diverse people, and just because of who they are and where they come from, should not be a deterrent for the necessary and adequate care

Two years ago, it was my first time to hear the word “Public Health.” When I considered my major, I realized that our school has the public health major. I tried to search about the public health major. One of my relatives in the United States told me that this major is good in the United States. There are several health issues in the United States, such as chronic diseases or substance abuse. Thus, public health is important field. On the other hand, in my home country, Japan, there are also have several health problems. One of the biggest problem is the declining birthrate and aging society. In addition, more Japanese adults have chronic disease. However, I never heard this major in my home country. At that time, I felt strange. Japan also