SUBJECT: PHE5ENV ASSIGNMENT 3 LITERATURE REVIEW
DATE: 6th March, 2015
NAME: SARAS SONI
STUDENT ID: 18007333
MPH 2ND SEMESTER
Email ID: 18007333@students.latrobe.edu.au
STATEMENT OF COMPETING INTERESTS:
Sources
PubMed, Published Journals, Government Reports and Publications, World Health Organization, Central Pollution Control Board, World Bank Development Research Group, Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, Government Of India Ministry Of Environment & Forests, Development Centre Working Papers, The Indian Journal of Chest Diseases & Allied Sciences, PNAS, Independent organizations.
Word Count: 2378
What are the primary air pollution problems in your community (select and describe a setting that you are most familiar with)? What are the major sources? Are they related to other environmental issues? How does the air pollution impact on public health?
DELHI AIR POLLUTION: BREATHE AT YOUR OWN RISK!!!
Public health refers to the science and art of preventing disease, promoting health, and prolonging life among the population as a whole. Its activities aim to provide conditions in which people can be healthy and focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases (1). Our health is very much dependent on external environment in which we live, the air we breathe, water we drink or the food we eat and it should be free of contamination and pollution in order to live a healthy life. One of the biggest threats to the health of people in today’s world is
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals" (1920, C.E.A. Winslow). This therefore infers public health is the preventing and controlling of disease within communities, to prolong life and promote health through organised society. The keys aspects of public health …
Public health in the past previously known for sanitation and living conditions, it is now a modernize version that defines as aiming to ensure that people and their communities are safe and healthier. “Public health is the science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through promotion of healthy lifestyles, research for disease and injury prevention and detection and control of infectious diseases” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015, para 1). Efforts to prevent the spread of diseases are critical to the public health all over the world.
Air Pollution today has lead CDC's fight against environmental -related respiratory illness, including asthma.An estimated number of 6.5 million deaths are attributed each year to poor air quality, making this the world's largest threat to human health.According to the World Energy Outlook and the IEA estimate that death due to household air pollution in Africa may decrease by 110,00 to 2040.However, due to economic growth, urbanization and automobile emissions, outdoor air pollution may rise from 300,00 to 450,000 over the same period. Am going to be looking at the causes of air pollution. the problems emerging with air pollution and also how we as a community can help decrease the amount of death rate associated with air pollution.I remember growing up in Africa Air pollution was always a talk about a subject that always comes out because it is really contagious due to the fact that we are breathing bad air that is caused by our human contribution to the environment.Air pollution is considered to be a public health problem, it is responsible for most of our health problems after some research has been conducted in many different parts of the world and regions. According to the Geochemistry and Health paleopathological research suggests that air pollution is a form of smoke, plagued our oldest ancestors.Air pollution has emerged as one of the leading risk factors for stroke worldwide.
Public health means so many things, in the past it was called “health for the poor”, “washing your hands”, and taking care of “vulnerable populations” (Riegelman & Kirkwood, 2015 p. 4). In essence those are good definitions, but it is more than that definitions, public health is considered a
In the past decade, the severe air pollution problem in fast developing countries, particularly in China, has caused highly social and scientific attention. In 2014, 92 % of the world population are exposed over to the WHO Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) PM2.5 concentration level of 10 μg/m3 (World Health Organization, 2016). Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution ranked as the third leading risk factor in India and Nepal, and ranked as the fifth in China (GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators, 2016). In 2012, about 3 million deaths globally were attributed solely to ambient air pollution, and around 87% of it occurred in low- and middle-income countries (World Health Organization, 2016).
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defined the role of public health as “fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy” (IOM, 2011). Prevention of epidemics and the spread of disease, protection against environmental hazards, promotion of health, disaster response and recovery, and providing access to healthcare are main functions of public health.
Air pollution has been recognized as a major threat to environmental health, and the effects that it can have on the population are extremely varied. In the environmental aspects, air
The CDC Foundation defines public health as the science of protecting and improving the health of families and communities through healthy lifestyles promotion, research for disease and injury prevention and detection and control of infectious diseases (CDC Foundation). Public health focuses on providing healthy conditions for the entire population. The key three main functions of public health are: monitoring the health of at risk populations to identify health problems, formulating public policies to solve national health issues, and assuring that everyone has healthcare equity, quality and accessibility. Currently it is a wide range of public health campaigns such as: clean drinking water, safe job sites, motor-vehicle safety, and safe sex
According to Charles-Edward A. Wilson, in the book Introduction to Public Health, public health’s main goals are to prevent disease and promote health (Schneider 2017). He further states that this is a “science and an art” (2017). The science behind public health works is data collection and statistics interpretation. The art is the discovery and subsequent tracking of mysterious, alongside known, illnesses leading to sustainable solutions for the communities prolonged life and well-being. Although there have been highly successful advances in public health’s goals since its conception, funding remains lower than what may be necessary due to the controversies associated with what could be deemed socialist notions. Public health efforts have somewhat intangible benefits which do not always translate well to the visible costs.
One of the world’s worst problems is air pollution. The focus of my research is on the causes of air pollution in North Carolina. Air pollution is when pollutants get into the air and turn it dark and toxic. Some examples of air pollutants are carbon dioxide, car fumes, smokestacks, and factory fumes. Air pollution is a serious problem that we can fix.
Public health can have different definitions including evidence-based efforts that preserve the populations’ health and prevent disease, disability, and death. Public health is about the health of a population as a whole and with that, especially as monitored and regulated by the state. The primary interests of public health are health issues, populations, society’s shared health concerns, and vulnerable groups.
You can’t escape from it. Everybody has to breath, and when air isn’t clean you health is affected. Air pollution is problem of all of us. You might think that you are healthy because you eat, and do only healthy things, so you cannot be sick, or get cancer, allergies or even die. Everybody is affected by air pollution.
“I have been all over India for the past few months, and every area has been different. The two cities that I’ve mainly been in are Pune and Delhi. Pune was polluted, but not anything too alarming. The visibility was fairly normal and the air quality index was in the unhealthy range, but it never reached hazardous. Delhi, however, has been unlike anything I’ve ever seen,” said Rachael Letscher, a Westminster Alumni who has been working in India. “During the really bad week the AQI was over 1000 (it was recorded as 1010 at the American embassy). You couldn't see more than about 50-100 yards in front of you. It was like a giant blanket of grey smoke just covered the city. Everyone had on face masks, and pharmacies were running out of facemasks to sell. It got to the point that our advisor for the semester moved us to a more northern city (Dehradun) to escape the pollution. My friend and I were curious about the effects that the pollution has for people that live in Delhi, and the saddest thing we discovered was that over 50% of school children have unrepairable lung damage as compared to children not growing up in polluted areas. During the week in November where it was the worst, schools were closed because of the smog. Flights were canceled, and it was estimated that breathing the air was equivalent to smoking 50 cigarettes a day. Some of the major causes for
Public health is a huge umbrella term that represent population and within that population is a community. Its primary focus is on population and prevention of diseases and creating healthy communities nationally. It incorporates social, physical, and cultural environments to assist people and their communities (Public Health and Medicine, 2016).
The research aims to study the impact of industrial pollution on the health of people in I-9 and I-10 Islamabad. The study shows that majority of the people are suffering from asthma, disruption in sleep, hypertension, tuberculosis and a lot of diseases related to skin. There is no check and balance on the industrial wastage and harmful gases. Measure should be taken for the industrial wastage and also the industries should be far from the residential areas. Moreover high quality machinery should be used and should be properly installed. The awareness campaign should also be arranged to aware the industrialist about the harmfulness