Pulmonary Embolus Research Paper

What findings would indicate that the patient is ready to have the chest tube removed?

Mr. S was driving when he experience a stabbing chest and back pain for the first time. The pain was so severe he immediately went to his local ER. Pulmonary ventilation and perfusion (VQ) scan and Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was done at his local ER. VQ scan was negative for pulmonary embolism (PE). CTA of the chest revealed

Cerebral air embolism is a rare complication that can be induced by pulmonary barotrauma, the trauma of the chest or head and iatrogenic causes such as invasive procedures or surgery. This risk increases if the patient is on positive pressure ventilation and while the pressure in the airway increased.

Pulmonary hypertension is a lung disorder. The arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs become narrowed, making it very hard for the blood to get through the vessels, this then causes the pressure in the arteries to increase more than usual (high blood pressure). Scientists think that the procedure starts with injury to the layer of cells that line the small blood vessels of the lungs.

A hemothorax is a collection of blood in the space between the chest wall and the lung. The medical term for this space is the pleural cavity. It is also called the pleural space. The most common cause for this condition is a chest injury. It can also happen from:

DVT is associated with an increased risk for pulmonary embolism when above the knee (popliteal vein and above) 1

Anticoagulant therapy will started according to facility protocol. This therapy will decrease the blood’s ability to clot, and help to prevent the formation of new clots. Anticoagulants used will be warfarin, heparin, or coumadin. In facility therapy will be initiated via IV push according to facility protocol, with continuous monitoring of patient condition.

Clots that develop in the lower extremities are deep vein thrombosis (DVT), if the clot breaks off and journeys to an individual’s lungs, it is then classified as a pulmonary embolism (PE). If no treatment is received DVT can progress to adjacent veins. Venous thromboembolism is a term that incorporates PE and DVT. (Reyes, Grosse, & Grant, 2015)

DVT (deep vein thrombosis) is a blood clot that develops in the leg, thigh or pelvis. Although it is not common during pregnancy (only 1-2 pregnant women out of 1,000 experience it), pregnant women are 5 times more likely to have DVT than non-pregnant women.

Pulmonary edema is excessive fluid in the lungs. The fluid accumulates in several air sacs in the lungs causing dyspnea. Heart problems can lead to pulmonary edema, but the accumulation of fluid can be caused by several things such as medications, injury to the chest cavity, among other things (Mayo Clinic Staff).

Aneurysm Embolization is done in Interventional Radiology, by an Interventional Neuroradiologist. The radiologist uses guide wires, known as catheters to locate the aneurysm. Through the catheter a small coil can be placed into the aneurysm. With these coils the body will develop blood clots around them which prevent blood from entering the aneurysm. This eliminates the risk of rupturing aneurysms. There are many different types of stents that can be used for aneurysm embolization. Many of these stents depend on the type of aneurysm. A stent that’s commonly used is the Solitaire AB Stent. This stent is used for the treatment of wide-necked aneurysms in the brain as well as small intracranial aneurysms. Another type of embolization device that’s used is pipeline; this device is used for dissecting cerebral aneurysms.

tissue can be removed and examined, or an x-ray to examine for pulmonary edema, fluid

The types diagnostic that maybe ordered by the provider are x-ray to see the occultation of fluid noted in the lower lobes of the lungs and check the size of the heart.

Also look for dyspnea, shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling. Ask if the patient about his sleep patterns and make sure that you ask if

inflamatory agent like DMSO. Hot packings of the affected area with clean towel are also helpful. If it occurrs due to indwelling catheters, etc., it should be removed immediately. If infection is suspected, than enrofloxacin, chloremphenicol, doxycyclin and potentited sulpha drungs are preferred. Drainage is indicated if large fluid pocket is located below skin (Harold and McKenzie, 2009; Dias and Neto, 2013) If the thrombotic lesion is associated with a generalized coagulopathy, heparin therapy @ 40 to 100 IU/kg body weight, i.v.or s.c. should be given on every six hours interval (Orsini andDivers, 2008).Aspirin at a dose of 20 mL/kg body weight every other day is also recommended for the treatment of thrombophlebitis to inhibit platelet