Pulmonary Fibrosis Research Paper

Accordingly, to this information of COPD: Coping with COPD from PubMed Health, this article provides the early stages, progression, coping and emergency plan and this disease affects family and friends. It is written answering the question, what to expect from COPD and how to manage this lung disease? A team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and experts (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 2015), provides education of how this disease may affect daily lives, how to live with this disease and what causes

Cystic Fibrosis, also known as CF, is one of the most common life-threatening genetic disorders found in people. Discovered in 1938 by Dr. Dorothy Hansine Andersen, Cystic Fibrosis severely affects two parts of the human body, including the respiratory system and the digestive system. Cystic Fibrosis causes the mucus glands to secrete very thick and sticky mucus. This mucus then clogs the tiny air passages and traps bacteria in the lungs. The thick mucus also stops the release of digestive enzymes in the pancreas from reaching the small intestine. According to Cystic Fibrosis Queensland (2015) more than one million Australians carry the Cystic Fibrosis Gene, with one in every 25 people, often not realising they are carrying the deadly gene.

Cystic Fibrosis is one of the most common and fatal genetic diseases in the United States. Cystic Fibrosis is a disease that causes the body to produce a thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs. This can lead to infection and blocks in the pancreas, which stops digestive enzymes from reaching the intestine where they are required in order to digest(“Learning About Cystic Fibrosis,” 2013). Cystic Fibrosis can go undiagnosed for a long period of time. For example, Mackenzie Dondanville 11 years old, four years ago, who had been coughing a lot for the previous year and a half. Due to her being physically athletic while competing in soccer, her pediatrician thought her cough and shortness of breath was due to exercise-induced asthma. It wasn't until Mackenzie's prescribed inhaler isn't working, that they realized something more was going on (“Mackenzies Story,”2018).

Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited recessive gene which means the disorder won’t affect anyone that’s a carrier. To obtain Cystic Fibrosis there are two ways, either, one parent is a carrier and the other has it (provided the parent with Cystic Fibrosis is female), or both parents are carriers. Parents can find out if they are carriers for Cystic Fibrosis with the use of genetic testing. When both parents are carriers for Cystic Fibrosis there a 25% chance the child will have Cystic Fibrosis, a 50% the child will be a carrier, and a 25% chance the child will not have Cystic Fibrosis nor be a carrier for it. In the United States there is about 30,000 reported cases of children and adults with Cystic Fibrosis, in the US there is an additional 1,000 cases reported each year, worldwide around 70,000 children and adults have Cystic Fibrosis. Cystic Fibrosis is the most common

Cystic fibrosis is a disorder that causes severe damage to the respiratory and digestive system. (Saint Francis Medical Center) It is caused by an inherited defective gene from both parents, specifically the CFTR gene, which causes the cells to overproduce mucus, digestive juices, and sweat. Normally, the fluids that are secreted are slippery and thin. However, with cystic fibrosis, the defect in the gene causes thick and sticky secretions. Instead of the secretions having lubricant properties, it clogs up tubes, passageways, and ducts, especially in the pancreas and lungs.

Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder that cause very serious damage to the lungs and also the other parts of the digestive system. Cystic fibrosis affects the cell in other ways like harming the cell that produces mucus, sweat and also digestive juices. The are normally thin and glossy so that makes it very slippery. In people with CF, a defective gene causes a thick, buildup of mucus in the lungs, pancreas and other organs. In the lungs, the mucus clogs the airways and traps bacteria leading to infections, extensive lung damage and eventually, respiratory failure. In the pancreas, the mucus prevents the release of digestive enzymes that allow the body to break down food and absorb vital nutrients. People with cystic fibrosis are at greater risk of getting lung infections because thick, sticky mucus builds up in their lungs, allowing germs

According to (Food & Drug Law Weekly, 2010) the Pulmonary Fibrosis Research Enhancement Act (PFREA) that has been introduced by Senators Patty Murray (D-WA) and Mike Crapo (R-ID) in the U.S. Senate working together with The Coalition for Pulmonary Fibrosis (CPF). The PFREA is designed to help the registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis for patients with PF. The PFREA also calls on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to expand and intensify PF research efforts (Food & Drug Law Weekly, 2010). The PFREA was first introduced in 2009 by Congressman Brian Baird (D-WA) and Congressman Mike Castle (R-DE) to the House. The reason why the two Congressman introduced this Act was because they both had family members that were affected by PF. PFREA was also the first congressional legislation to increase federal funding for PF, a fatal disease that affects more the 128,000 Americans (Food & Drug Law Weekly, 2010). Unfortunately, PF claims 40,000 lives each year which is the same number as breast cancer. PF also kills two-thirds of the patients are diagnosed with the onset symptoms usually expire within five years of the diagnosis. The National PF Education and Awareness Plan was created because the PFREA ordered it, this also collaborated with the National Institutes of Health and the Centers of Disease Control. The purpose for these three organization collaboration is to focus of improving public awareness of PF and accelerate

Our genetics and DNA design the entire make up of the human body. From our physical appearance to our health and mental capabilities. Parents have dominant and recessive traits that decide the genetic makeup of their offspring. More times than often the match up of the patient’s genes can pass down a genetic disorder to the offspring. One common example of an autosomal recessive disorder is cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition in which the lungs and digestive system become clogged with thick sticky mucus. When learning about this disorder, it is important to understand the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations. Knowing this information will allow for an enhanced perceptive on the people who live with

Cystic fibrosis (CF), is an autosomal recessive disorder [figure 1.], caused by a mutation in two genes on chromosome 7 – the genes responsible for the way water and salts pass in and out of the cells in the body. CF affects the secretion and reabsorption of chloride ions, producing a much thicker than normal layer of mucus (in the lungs, pancreas and liver primarily) that is ideal for bacteria and infection to flourish. The faulty gene may fail to produce the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein or may produce the protein however this protein is faulty is such a way that it does not regulate chloride secretion and reabsorption properly or at all. Currently there are a wide array of

Lungs: Upon auscultation, lungs are clear, no dyspnea, wheezing, or crackles. Dyspnea could be a sign of pulmonary embolism, asthma, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Wheezing could be a sign of anaphylaxis reaction, asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, RSV, COPD, and sleep apnea. Crackles could indicate congestive heart failure, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary edema,

Maria has Cystic fibrosis, based on her symptoms. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder, it is carried on chromosome number 7.  It requires two copies, one from each parent, to show the symptoms of Cystic fibrosis. It produces a defective form of a protein (CFTR). It affects the lungs and the digestive system. The function of the epithelial cells, found in sweat glands in skin and line the lungs, liver, pancreas, digestive, and reproductive system, are disrupted. When the disorder is present, the way chloride passes over the cell membrane cannot regulate. It messes up the salt and water needed to maintain the coating of fluid in the lungs, and other organs. When the salt and water lining becomes too thick, it does not function properly. For

A normal people creates mucus that make the lining of the organs slippery and also helps to prevent infection or keep it from dehydrating.

Most people go about their lives healthy and happy. That's not the case for everyone. According to the American lung association, the average adult takes 15 to 20 breaths in a minute resulting in 20,000 breaths a day. But an adult with cystic fibrosis takes 2x that amount of breaths. Cystic Fibrosis is a multi-organ disease affecting the lungs and digestive system. Its inherited and an obstructive lung disease caused by the overall obstruction of the airways with mucus that forms in the lungs.

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary condition which “affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices.” In cases of cystic fibrosis a defective gene causes these fluids to become thick instead of thin. These fluids lose their lubricating properties and can interrupt normal functions, especially in the lungs. The thick mucus can also cause digestive problems by blocking the essential digestive enzymes entering the small intestine from the pancreas (Mayo Clinic). It is inherited through “an autosomal recessive pattern”. Essentially meaning that both parents are carriers for the disease, but are unlikely to show symptoms themselves (GHR).

The various causes of pulmonary fibrosis that don’t involve smoking include occupational and environmental factors, reaction to medications, autoimmune disorders (specifically connective tissue disorders like rheumatoid arthritis), infection, genetics and some factors that remain a mystery. Smoking exacerbates the condition and may lead to cancer and/or other lung