Punting A Football Movement Analysis

Most of what football players and coaches know about tackling is more instinctive than anything. They understand more about the physics of the process more than they realize. Acceleration, force, mass, momentum, Inertia, torque, velocity, and center of mass are important terms that become relevant when discussing the physics of tackling in football. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity in a certain period of time. Force in football can be described as the influence on a body that causes it to accelerate. The amount of substance an object is made up of is the mass. Momentum comes as the result of the product of the mass of a moving object and its velocity. Inertia is the resistance of a moving object to a change in speed or direction, and also the resistance of a stationary object to being moved. Torque

during these movements, the angles of those joints, as well as the muscles involved during the

In order to test the passive sufficiency of a bi-articular structure, such as a muscle, both joints which that structure crosses must first be identified. Additionally, the movements of those two joints which will constrain that structure must be identified. Next, one joint must be selected, and placed into the position that may constrain the structure. At the same time, the other joint must be placed in the position which will NOT put further strain on that structure. The selected joint must then be measured for its range of motion. Next, the same must be done with the selected joint, but in contrast, the other joint must be placed in the position which WILL further constrain the bi-articular structure. Once that has been done, the selected joint’s range of motion must be measured once more.

Once the ball is fielded, the athlete will jump forward off of their right leg if they a right handed thrower to continue their momentum towards the target. The important parts of this stage are fielding the ball cleanly and continuing all of their momentum forward. These are the two things coaches and players are really looking to accomplish. The momentum will be talked about later in the paper as it is one of the important biomechanical concepts incorporated in this movement. In this stage, the athlete will field the ball with their glove positioned directly under their shoulder with the webbing of the glove on the ground. This is to make sure the ball rolls into the glove and not under it. The athlete is flexed at both the hips, knees and spine to accomplish getting the glove on the ground. With the hips being flexed, this means the athlete’s pelvis will be anteriorly rotated. The right ankle will be dorsiflexed and the left ankle will be plantarflexed so the athlete can continue his momentum forward to get power on his throw. The glove hand wrist is neither flexed or extended but in a neutral position. The fingers of the glove are extended though in order to open up the webbing of the glove and trap the ball inside. The forearm is supinated to allow for the webbing to be opened towards where the ball is coming from. The athlete’s elbow is extended and their shoulder is flexed on

The bony anatomy involved in drop foot are the ankle bones, known as the tibia, fibula, and talus, which make up the talocrural joint. The talocrural joint is a synovial joint that is the true ankle joint. It is functionally a hinge type of joint that permits dorsiflexion and plantar flexion in the foot. The talocrural joint is attached medially by the deltoid ligament, which is made up of the anterior tibiotalar ligament, tibiocalcaneal ligament, posterior tibiotalar ligament and the tibionavicular ligament. The muscles involved in the drop foot are the muscles that dorsiflex the foot and are more superficial. These muscles include the tibialis anterior, the extensor halluces longus, and the extensor digitorum longus. The tibialis anterior originates from the upper half of the lateral shaft of the tibia and the interosseous membrane, while it inserts on the inferomedial aspect of medial cuneiform and the base of 1st metatarsal. Its action is to extend and invert the foot at the ankle; and it also holds up medial longitudinal arch of the foot. The extensor halluces longus originates on the middle half of the anterior shaft

For shoulder flexion 61% of the variance could be accounted for by the sit-and-reach. A correlation was also found between the modified sit-and-reach test and both the shoulder extension and hip flexion tests. For shoulder extension 33% of the variance was accounted for by the modified sit-and-reach and for hip flexion 22% of the variance was accounted for by the modified sit-and-reach.

The quads include the rectus femoris, and the vastus lateralis, intermedius, and medialis. This muscle group shares a common tendon at insertion. The patellar tendon inserts at the tibial tuberosity, and within this tendon lies the patella. The patella is anterior to the femur-tibia articulation, and this sesmoid bone increases the leverage of the quads by acting as a pulley. The major contributor to the stability of the knee joint is the strength of the quads. The only muscle that assists in extension is the tensor fascia lata.

Anterior deltoid Lateral 3rd of clavicle Deltoid tuberosity Shoulder abduction, flexion, medial rotation, and horizontal adduction Middle deltoid Acromion process Deltpid tuberosity Shoulder abduction Posterior deltoid Spie of scapula Deltoid tuberosity Shoulder abduction, extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation, horizontal Pectoralis minor Anterior surface, 3rd through 5th ribs Coracoid process of scapula Scapular depression, protraction, downward rotation, and tilt Pectoralis major-clavicular region Medial 3rd of clavicle Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus Shoulder flexion - first 60 degrees Pectoralis major- sternal region Sternum, costal cartilages of first 6 ribs Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus Shoulder extension - first 60 degrees (from 180-120 degrees Pectoralis main action: Shoulder adduction, medial rotation, horizontal adduction Rhomboids Spinous processes of C7 through T5 Vertebral border of scapula between the spine and inferior angle Scapular retraction, elevation and downward rotation Serratus anterior Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs Vertebral border of the scapula, anterior surface Scapular protraction, upward

The knee travels with a slight flexion at 5° to nearly 20° of flexion by the end of loading response. The knee then extends through a single support, with a peak stance of phase extension at a 40% Gait Cycle. In conclusion of the terminal stance and preswing, knee flexion is rapid, continuing through initial swing until peak knee flexion at 60°. Preswing is defined as one of the five stages in the stance phase of walking or gait. This trend then is reversed, with knee extension continuing through terminal swing.

The purpose of this article is to introduce the joint-by-joint approach when treating any types of injury. The idea of the article is based on the Functional Movement screen to treat joint by joint and learn how the movements of the joints relate to training. The human body is made of muscle, tissue, and bones and the joints join it. The article provides understanding of how the athletic trainer or physical therapist should treat the injury.

The rectus femoris is one of the four muscles in the quadriceps group of the body and is located in the anterior aspect of the thigh. As a bi-articular structure that crosses both the hip and knee joints, it functions to actively flex the hip and extend the knee. Thus when stretched, the rectus femoris may constrain concurrent hip extension and knee flexion. However, if the rectus femoris were to constrain neither of the two actions, the length of the muscle is established as passively sufficient. The two tests that give answer to whether the rectus femoris muscle is passively sufficient is based upon the comparisons between hip extension with knee flexed vs. extended, and/or knee flexion with hip flexed vs. extended. However, note that either test will provide the same results.

(Peterson and Redlund-Johnell, 2009). Functional movements of the joint include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction both frontal and transverse plane, medial and lateral rotation and circumduction. The shoulder also allows for scapular protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression (Quillen, Wuchner, Hatch, 2004). The primary stabilisers of the shoulder are the biceps brachii (anterior side of the arm), and tendons of the rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis) which stabilise the joint by fusing to all sides of the capsule except the inferior margin (Tami, Akutsu and Yano, 2013). The joint capsule and the ligaments of the GH joint work together to provide passive restraint, ensuring the humeral head remains in contact with the glenoid fossa. The lateral attachment of the GH joint capsule attaches to the anatomical neck of the humerous while the glenoid and the labrum are the medial attachment points (Dutton, 2008). When the arm is in the resting position, the inferior and anterior portions of the capsule is loose, while the superior portion is tight.

rotation of the knee and the inferior pole of the patella, especially with increased knee flexion.

In order to go en pointe, the hallux must remain strong and straight. The extensor hallucis brevis and flexor hallucis brevis must stay firm en pointe and show extraordinary control during the plié. Any sign of weakness through relevé in those phalanx bones can cause the whole system above it to collapse. Just above at the ankle, the junction must be able to perform dorsal flexion for a strong plié that will allow the body to keep turning. Higher up, the quadriceps femoris muscles provide the strength to perform continuous grands ronds des jambes en l’airs. A developpé devant is held up only with the flexion of this muscle. As the leg carries to à la secondé, followed by a sturdy passé, the quadricep holds strong. This allows the body to turn

Gastrocnemius. As the hip and knee joints extend and engage the muscles, gluteus maximus in turn contracts allowing the hamstrings and quads to lengthen. When the leg touches the floor, the body is then propelled forwards by concentric isotonic contractions and recovery