Pupils With ASC

“Implementing the SCERTS Model for Young Children with Autism Spectrum”, is a PowerPoint presentation presented by Amy M. Wetherby, PhD., a professor at Florida State University, and one of the leading contributors of the SCERTS model. During this presentation, Dr. Wetherby discusses the characteristics and learning priorites for students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. The presentation also includes the background and methodology of the SCERTS model. Dr. Wetherby links the NRC educational recommendations for individuals with ASD to the seven principals and components essential to the SCERTS approach. Additionally, the presentation goes in-depth on how to implement the SCERTS model and assessment strategies. This presentation gave

Research indicates that there are many strategies that could increase children’s academic and social performance in schools (Eikeseth et al., 2007; Eikeseth, Smith, Jahr, & Eldevik, 2002; Sallows & Graupner, 2005; Vismara & Rogers, 2008; Vivanti et al., 2014). When searching for the best strategy for each individual child, it is important to identify the Autism severity and the program (Reed & Osborne, 2012). Time input of the intervention also impacts the success of the strategy. The level of time input from the approaches is critical to the student success, and the children’s gains are proportional to the time input of the program (Reed & Osborne, 2012). With the increasing prevalence of ASD, it is important to identify interventions that can be used in and outside of the classroom to increase student academic and social success.

‘Autism was first described by the American Leo Kanner in 1943’ (Hodder Arnold., 2002.,) Students with Autism are known to suffer from social problems and find it hard to understand different social situations so would need consistency and routine in their lives along

Executive Functioning (EF) is mediated by the Prefrontal Cortex (Becker, Isaac, & Hynd, 1987; Cabeza & Nyberg, 2000; Fuster, 1997; Reitan & Wolfson, 1994; Rezai et al., 1993; Tranel, Anderson, & Benton, 1994) and includes cognitive processes such as inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility or set-shifting,

Autism is a mental disorder, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. (Classroom-Assessment-Theory-into-Practice, 2012) One in 88 children are diagnosed with autism and the symptoms are usually noticed between the ages of 18 months and 5 years. Typically, autism affects individuals in 5 key areas: Communication (verbal and non-verbal), Social skills, Behaviors, Learning, and Medical issues. Because this disorder has a dramatic impact on a child 's ability to learn, it is imperative that teachers understand the conditions surrounding autism and know how to accommodate these students. (Classroom-Assessment-Theory-into-Practice, 2012) Teachers can understand more about a student with ASD and how to accommodate the student by doing different assessments. Assessments are an extremely important part of special education. Teachers need to make sure that the assessments given to their students is correct in everyway possible. It should be correct in what they are testing, meaning what the teacher or specialist want to know from the assessment, is the information that the assessment is giving the students correct, on how the assessment works, and all assessments must have validity and reliability. Assessments often include various tests, both standardized or criterion-referenced, but testing is not the only

Autism is a complicated disorder, and to understand Autism we must first understand what it is, and the strategies needed to help children be successful. School age children with Autism require special intervention in order to succeed in school. “If they can't learn the way we teach, we teach the way they learn” ― O. Ivar Lovaas

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), ASD is diagnosed on the premise of two side effect bunches: (a) shortfalls in social correspondence also, (b) the nearness of redundant practices and limited hobbies (5). Children with ASD they must have these three characteristics a) social-emotional correspondence (b) nonverbal communicative behaviors (c) creating, keeping up, what's more, comprehension connections(5).

ASD usually affects the way an individual communicates and places limitations on their ability to relate to others in a meaningful way; autism a disorder that begins in early childhood, and is also lifelong. As a child begins to grow up and mature the autistic features will change. The three identifiable impairments of Autism is exhibited through a childs language, sociability, and the flexibility of their behaviors, which is also referred to as the Traid of Impairments (Cashin & Barker 2009). ASD characteristics can also be correlated to learning disabilities, as well as features like self-injurious behavior, increases aggression, repetitive behaviors, and other abnormalities in sleeping and eating. It’s also not unusual to see an individual

Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder is one of many developmental disabilities that affect students learning. In fact, in the United States, Autism is the fastest-growing severe developmental disorder (“What is Autism,” n.d.). Also, the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder is 1 in 68 children and the prevalence in boys is 1 in 42 children (“What is Autism,” n.d.). Furthermore, Autism Spectrum Disorders also affects the way a child learns and over the years, several teaching strategies have been developed to help teachers to effectively educate students with Autism. Research has also been conducted to develop and test new teaching strategies for Autism and continues in playing an important role in the education of students with Autism.

Boyd, B. A., & Shaw, E. (2010). Autism in the Classroom: A Group of Students Changing in Population and Presentation. Preventing School Failure, 54(4), 211-219.

In order to create a successful inclusive classroom for children with autism, it is important to know more about the disorder and its characteristics. Every person with autism has different characteristics. “Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder display a range of specific characteristics such as: (a) impairments in communication and interactions with others; (b) restricted, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, interests and activities; (c) delays in either ‘social interaction, language as used in social communication or symbolic or imaginative play’ with onset before the age of three” (Deris & Carlo, 2013). “A child’s profile along the continuum of Autism Spectrum Disorders dictates the severity of impairment in language engagement, social connectedness, sensory integration, and cognitive skills” (Friedlander, 2009). Each person is very unique. “They include autistic disorder (sometimes referred as “classic autism”), Rett syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) and Asperger syndrome” (Autism Speaks). The table below shows three different levels of severity of autism. The data focuses on the level of severity, the social communication, and the restrictive, repetitive behaviors

The quality of life for a child with autism in mainstream schools is definitely at odds with how the school itself is structured. Due to changes in educational policies over the last decade, there are increasing numbers of children with ASD that are being educated in a regular classroom setting. Many may deem this inclusion as being positive for those students, but there are faults that accompany these types of circumstances, the reason being that many schools do not have the capacity to keep pace with such changes in order to include children with ASD. Many teachers find it tough to merge the academic talents of students with autism with their often severe difficulties in interacting with others socially. Those who have been diagnosed with ASD have a preference for routine, consistency and low sensory stimulation, making tough seeing that they would be expected to deal with the noisy, busy and chaotic environment of mainstream schools (Humphrey, Symes 80).

Nowadays, teachers are expected to work with a mixture of students, general education students and exceptional students. “The physical attributes and/or learning characteristics of exceptional children differ from the norm (either below or above) to such an extent that they require an individualized program of special education and related services to benefit from education” (Heward, 2005, p. 10). This paper will discuss autism, characteristics of autism, and educational approaches when working with an autistic individual.

Individual with autism spectrum disorders have cognitive differences that cause the hallmark symptoms of the disorder. Although it is possible to develop these skills, it often takes arduous work on both the individual’s and teacher’s parts. Three theories describe various cognitive differences that individual on the spectrum experience.

Students with autism can become overwhelmed very easily by even minor deviations from the routine. It is important to be sensitive to the way autistic children function so that their potential can be reached.