ANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS 3,4, 7 AND 8 WERE HOMEWORK QUESTIONS 122 (Key Question) Complete the following labor demand table for a firm that is hiring labor competitively and selling its product in a competitive market. | | | | | | Unitsoflabor | Totalproduct | Marginalproduct | Productprice | Totalrevenue | Marginalrevenueproduct | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0123456 | 0173143536065 | | ____________________________ | $2222222 | | $____________________________ | | $________________________ | | a. How many workers will the firm hire if the going wage rate is $27.95? $19.95? Explain why the firm will not hire a larger or smaller number of units of labor at each …show more content…
(b) Output is 142 (= 96 from capital + 46 from labor). Economic profit is $114 (= $142 - $28). Yes, least-cost production is part of maximizing profits. The profit-maximizing rule includes the least-cost rule. 127 (Key Question) In each of the following four cases, MRPL and MRPC refer to the marginal revenue products of labor and capital, respectively, and PL and PC refer to their prices. Indicate in each case whether the conditions are consistent with maximum profits for the firm. If not, state which resource(s) should be used in larger amounts and which resource(s) should be used in smaller amounts. a. b. c. d. (a) Use more of both; (b) Use less labor and more capital; (c) Maximum profits obtained; (d) Use less of both. 12-8 Florida citrus growers say that the recent crackdown on illegal immigration is increasing the market wage rates necessary to get their oranges picked. Some are turning to $100,000 to $300,000 mechanical harvesters known as “trunk, shake, and catch” pickers, which vigorously shake oranges from trees. If widely adopted, what will be the effect on the demand for human orange pickers? What does that imply about the relative strengths of the substitution and output effects? The effect of the adoption of the mechanical pickers will be to decrease the demand for human pickers. If this occurs, the substitution
The budget analysis shows that the labor hours of the firm are higher than the budgeted amount. As such, the firm needs to evaluate the cost benefit analysis of making or buying their products. To make this decision, various factors need to be considered. Before making the decision, Peyton needs to evaluate the marginal costs and revenue of making versus buying the products. The firm should take the option which provides the highest marginal profit which is the
In this paper I am going to explain some of the key terms that companies need to keep in mind when operating their business. First, we will start with marginal revenue, which is defined simply as the extra revenue that is made for each additional unit of a product that is sold. This is directly related to marginal cost, which is what it costs the company to make that additional unit of product.
Explain how a profit maximizing firm determines its optimal level of output, using marginal revenue and marginal cost as criteria:
The labor supply curve facing an individual employer in a perfectly competitive labor market is:
In our analysis we will be addressing the issue of fixing production capacity of the company as to determine the labor size that could be fixed before workforce unionization. Labor force and output cannot be varied easily once it occurs. As the company is a price-taker and we do not know what exactly the associated probabilities may be, we must identify the profit maximizing output the company would be producing over the future months.
(167). Heavy taxes on agriculture leads to low productivity and low output (Dennis). New technology is not as efficient: “The heavy harvesting equipment that now does the work of the harvesting has left larger amounts of grain in the field…” (Holthaus 135). Holthaus describes the loss of access to the markets as a result of more contacting and the “growing influence of transnational megacorporations.” Farmers are no longer in control of agriculture; they have little say in what crops to grow and have to listen to the contracted company. Farmers no longer farm for the market, they farm to be able to pay the bank or to meet a contract with a company (167). When farmers decide to contract, they become another worker in the industrial system of agriculture. Farmers lose their markets, which are taken over by large corporations; and lose a percentage of their profit (Holthaus 150). According to “American Farms Keep Growing: Size, Productivity, and Policy,” about 30% of American farms have any significant farm production. 6 percent of all farms account for three-fourths of US farm output.The loss of political power and influence is due to less farmers and their families living on the land, aswell as, less people living in rural communities, which means that they have less authority and voting powers (167). The health of
1. Question : (TCO D) A company that has a profit can increase its return on investment by
Suppose the marginal product of labor is 10 and the marginal product of capital is 8. If the wage rate is $5 and the price of capital is $2, then in order to minimize costs the firm should use
a firm that would hire 30,000 workers if the wage is $20 and would hire 33,000 workers if the
5. A pure monopsony buyer of a resource has a marginal value curve for the resource expressed as: MV = 100 - 0.4Q. Its marginal and average expenditure functions are: ME = 20 + 0.023Q AE = S = 20 + 0.011Q. a. What is the price and quantity that would prevail in a competitive market? The QC is computed as follows: Equate S to MV. 20 + 0.011Q = 100 - 0.4Q 0.411Q = 80 QC = 194.65 PC = 20 + 0.011(194.65) = 22.14 b. What quantity is purchased by a monopsonist, and at what price? The QM is computed as follows: Equate ME to MV. 20 + 0.023Q = 100 - 0.4Q 0.423Q = 80 QM = 189.13 PM = 20 + 0.011(189.13) = 22.08 c. Compute the deadweight loss that results when the firm acts to maximize profit (that is, takes advantage of its monopsony power). Compute the height of MV between HM and HC. HM = 100 -
25. Think about the backward-bending part of the labor supply curve. Why would someone work less as a result of a higher wage rate?
11) By how much would the profit contribution of product A has to increase before it will be profitable to produce A?
Competition is a contest or rivalry between two or more organisms, animals, individuals, or social groups for territory, for scarce resources, for mates, recognition, for awards, for group or social status, or for leadership and profit. It arises whenever at least two parties strive for a goal which cannot be shared, where one's gain is the other's loss. Competition is considered the opposite of cooperation, but in the real world mixtures of cooperation and competition are the norm. Competition is also the best strategy for achieving your goals. Competition can especially be beneficial inside a school by helping students meet his deadlines and reaching for higher grades. A great way to get more competition it to participate in sports
(b) Explain the economic theory of profit maximisation for a firm and consider whether firms are