Quality of Bottled Water Produced by Water Refilling Station

It would be assumed that it would be the least that bottled water companies could do is make sure that all pollutants are out of the water. “Alas, some bottled waters contain the same chemicals anyway- and they are, in any case, unavoidable”. (Standage, 663). It is said that contaminants are more likely to build up when it is transported in very hot conditions. (Diduch, Polkowska, and Namiesnik). “The presence of organic contaminants in water is becoming a more common problem, mainly because of the impact that human activities are having on the natural environment”. (Diduch, Polkowska, and Namiesnik). It is clear that it takes a lot of work to remove all contaminants from water. One slight error is all it takes for someone to be contaminated by harsh chemicals or bacteria. “The plastic components or additives in water can modify the organoleptic properties and, if present at high concentrations, may trigger health problems because of the potential toxic properties of some chemicals”. (Diduch, Polkowska, and Namiesnik).

Is the great taste and convenience of bottled water worth the cost of the environmental damages it will cause in years to come? Most would say the cons of bottled water definitely outweigh the pros of bottled water and that everyone should drink tap water out of reusable containers. The answer seems obvious, but it is a simple issue. Bottled water is not worth the cost to the environment, but with some resourceful thinking, bottled water can be exempt from its environmental damages.

The purpose of the experiment was to test the levels of water contamination in each beaker to see how high each vial would contaminate the water based on the color the water became once each vial was poured into the given beakers. In Experiment 2: Water Treatment, I used potting soil, sand, activated charcoal, gravel, alum, bleach, and beakers with my own-supplied tap water. The purpose of this experiment was to see if the different particles placed in the tap water could be removed by various filtration techniques. In Experiment 3: Drinking Water Quality, I used several various test strips, each individual strip testing for ammonia, chloride, 4-in-1, phosphate, and iron, along with samples of Disanti bottled water, Fiji bottled water, and my own tap water from home. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if bottled water is any more or less filtrated than my own tap water at home.

According to the Canadian Council of Social Justice, poor water quality and unsanitary living conditions have cause over 1000 residents to be evacuated in some cases and over 21 communities are considered high-risk for water contamination (Safe Water for First Nations, n.d.). There are different levels of risk within the accessible water issue which are a boil water advisory, do not consume and advisory (Eggerston, 2015). Within Ontario specifically, there were 158 water systems that were tested and 46% were considered high-risk and 16% are low overall risk (Dupont et al., 2014). Within in Canada there is a slew of

project of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), located at www.waterlawandstandards.org. This is a searchable database of specific water laws by individual country or by region, with the ability to tailor search results to varying degrees of detail, including direct quotations from parliamentary and constitutional frameworks.

There are three main mechanisms by which the chemical composition of groundwater, which is our natural source of drinking water, may be changed: by natural processes, by man's waste-disposal practices such as those for sanitary wastes, liquid industrial wastes, solid wastes, and radioactive wastes, and by spills, leaks, and agricultural activities and other sources unrelated to disposal. The degree of risk posed by contaminants varies according to many factors. These include the volume and toxicity of the contaminant, its concentration in the aquifer, its persistence in the environment, and the degree of human and environmental exposure to the contaminant. In addition, the number of persons affected, or likely to be affected, over time and the percentage of available groundwater both locally and regionally should be taken into consideration. If the contaminants in the groundwater exceed the standards set for drinking water by the federal government, for example, then the water is hazardous for the use for which it was designated under the standards. These standards include, however, only a limited number of chemicals, and thus they do not necessarily protect humans or the environment against either the short-term or the long-term effects of every contaminant that might be found in

I have always found it sort of curious when I see people buying bottled water. My grandfather told me that when he was a boy they drank water from the hose and it was free. I know growing up our household certainly didn’t bother with things like that, so facet water is what we got as well. The costs of groceries these days is expensive, spending extra money on water always seemed like such a waste to me. Now, that being said, some people live in areas where the water isn’t very clean, and buying bottled water is much safer than drinking the city’s water. Also, bottled water has become more popular because it is paired as a service; Bottled water is easy to grab on the go. It takes more time to find a water bottle, with a lid, and fill it up than to grab an already bottled water.

The Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program works with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to ensure tap water is safe for drinking. The EPA makes sure water drinking systems undergo monitoring to assure the water is contaminant free. Water samples are collected and assessed to make sure certain

Write linear equations to represent the costs for each company based on the number of pallets purchased.

During the late 60’s and early 70’s a series of studies were conducted on public water supplies due to health concerns, which concluded that many treatment facilities were inadequate (2000). In an effort to address public health concerns, Congress enacted the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) of 1974, which was amended in 1986 and 1996 (2000). The SDWA outlines the federal standards for public drinking water, waste management, protection of drinking water sources, and the financial infrastructure for projects (Tiemann, 2014).

Recent amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act emphasize efforts toward safeguarding the nation's water supplies against attack and contamination. The Terrorist and Other Intentional Actions Section establishes requirements for each community water system serving more than 3300 people to conduct an assessment of the vulnerability of its system to a terrorist attack or other intentional acts intended to substantially disrupt the ability of the system to provide a safe and reliable supply of drinking water. Also, healthy, secure communities require clean drinking water and sanitary waste treatment. EPA provides water utilities with tools and strategies needed to improve drinking water and wastewater system resiliency to disasters and to quickly

The water of all conditions were sourced from the same distilled water throughout the experiment

Shermer, Steven D. "The Drinking Water security and Safety Amendments of 2002: is America's Drinking Water Infrastructure Safer Four Years later?" UCLA Journal of Environmental Law & Policy, Winter 2006, p. 355+. Environmental Studies and Policy, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=PPES&sw=w&u=sims65323&v=2.1&id=GALE%7CA162243012&it=r&asid=493e8c0ca998e138667cbcf4eaa126ce. Accessed 22 Jan. 2017.

“One of the biggest challenges facing the bottled water industry is how to respond to the environmental claims levelled against it” (Grocer). Every time someone throws a bottle away, they have taken up more space in a landfill for the next four hundred fifty to one thousand years. Besides the long decomposition rate, water bottles are the cause of several more environmental issues. Overfilling landfills, health hazards caused by refilling, and the economic stresses due to the constant and inconvenient repurchasing are just a few of the negatives water bottles have on us. These plastic pollutants are doing more harm to both the environment and their users than good.

Every day Americans depend on public water systems to treat and deliver over 44 billion gallons of water to homes daily (“Importance of Clean Water”). However, Americans