Queer Community

Hate crime is a motivated violent act by a group or individual perpetrator towards a specific race, colour or religion (Collins, Pg 93,192). For many years, authority figures and the media have ignored hate crime offences towards individuals who identify under the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) umbrella. Up until the 20th century and prior to the 1964 Civil Rights Act, LGBTQ persons have been victimized in violent crimes based solely on gender identification and orientation. With a myriad of events, cases and unreported individual incidents the burden of proof towards hate crime on LQBTQ increased. The development of North American law towards LGBTQ citizens has improved throughout the last two decades. However, there

Hate Crimes: crimes motivated by a victim’s actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability or religion(Federal officials, 2011). Hate crimes have been around for centuries. A hate crime is considered any malicious crime that is derived from hatred towards a certain group of people. African Americans are still victim to hate crimes, even after the Civil Rights movement. James Byrd Jr. suffered a prime example of a gruesome hate crime in 1998, because of his African American descent. Three white men, allegedly, chained Byrd to the back of a pickup truck and dragged him down a gravel road, leaving his body parts severed and bloody (Marty,1998). Recently, a new group of people has been targeted by the hateful view

A 2005 study conducted by National Institute of Justice, found that the Federal Government and all but one state, Wyoming, have laws related to hate crimes. A consistent problem identified by this study is there in no consistency in defining what constitutes a hate crime. (Carrie F. Mulford, Ph.D., & Michael Shively, Ph.D., Hate Crime in America: The Debate Continues, 257, Nat’l Inst Just., (2007). “The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines hate crime—also called bias crime—as “a criminal offense committed against a person, property, or society that is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin.” ld.

The phrase “hate crime” is generally referred to as a criminal act against a person, a group, or property because of one’s race, religion, gender, or sexual orientation (Civil Rights- Hate Crimes- Overview). A person who experiences a hate crime may be threatened, harassed,

A hate crime is a traditional offense like murder, arson, or vandalism with an added element of bias. For the purposes of collecting statistics, the FBI has defined a hate crime as a “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity.” Hate itself is not a crime—and the FBI is mindful of protecting freedom of speech and other civil liberties.

“The term hate crime was coined in the 1980s by journalists and policy advocates who were attempting to describe a series of incidents directed at Jews, Asians and African-Americans. The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines hate crime (also known as bias crime) as "a criminal offense committed against a person, property, or society that is motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender 's bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity/national origin.(National Institute of justice, Paragraph 1, December 22, 2010.)”

The emergence of the hate crimes has reached the criminal justice system despite that it was somehow unknown to many in the past. Not many understood what is meant by hate crime but is rather becoming known with the understanding of the offenses related to hate crime becoming a standard issue among the citizens across the divide. Actually the criminal justice system has come up with clear definition of hate crime terming it as any kind of offense that is targeted to individual as brutality or prejudice against the person based on the race or ethnicity or religion, sexual orientation as well as gender identity of such a person (Freilich and Chermak, 2013). It is common to any individual or a group who has been targeted due to a holding a specific characteristic that is not present in a person or group

A hate crime is described as a felony or violent crime that is manifested through prejudice based on nationality, race, religion or color. These offenses

Hate crimes laws began their development in the United States in the year of 1968. Hate crime laws originally made it illegal to “use, or threaten to use, force ro willingly interfere with any person because of race, color, religion, or national origin, because the person is participating in a federally protected activity” (2017). Laws were later passed to protect housing rights, familial status, and religious property, and in 2009, President Obama passed the Matthew Shephard and James Byrd Prevention Act to protect gender, gender identity, disability, and sexual orientation. Hate crime legislation is necessary. Without these legislations, people of religion, race, national origin, gender, gender identity, disability, and sexual orientation would not be protected under the law.

Hate Crimes are defined by the Hate Crime Statistics Act as a criminal offense committed against a person or property motivated by a person’s belief or opinions against a race, religion, ethnic group, or a groups sexual orientation. The term hate crime can also be misleading in that it is supposed to be motivated by prejudice which is not clear in either legal or demeanor terms.

Hate crime is a type of crime that occurs against an individual or individuals just because of their race, gender, religion, or age. These crimes include homicide, burning down a business or somebodies house, harassment, and etc. Despite the fact that the expression "hate crime" may appear to be new given the consideration it has gotten in the previous quite a while these sorts of offenses have been around for a long time. Even though government and state laws contrast, most ensured qualities incorporate race, religion, and sexual orientation. There actually have been contentions against the arrangement of hate crime laws. Not everyone believes that hate crime violations have been a noteworthy issue in the public eye, however some people consider

There’s a lot of hate crimes going on in the world today, It’s being highly debated as to whether or not hate crimes should be legislated against. “Hate Crimes” are referred to as criminal acts against a person, group, or property due to one’s race, religion, gender or sexual orientation. (Civil Rights-Hate Crimes-Overview), an individual who experiences a hate crime may be threatened, harassed, physically harmed, or killed.

Hate crime generally refers to a “criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation”, (Hall, 2013).

Bisexuality is the romantic and/or sexual attraction to more than one gender. Those who identify as bisexual are attracted to male, female, and sometimes the non-binary genders. Non-binary genders can include those who are transgender, agender, and genderfluid. Bisexuality is a separate sexuality from pansexuality. Pansexuality which is the romantic and/or sexual attraction to all genders. Like the sexuality and gender spectrums bisexuality is also a spectrum. One can be bisexual but only desire those of the male and female gender. Another could only find those who are non-binary and the female gender attractive, ect.

The words ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ are commonly confused with each other in regular, everyday conversations when the two have very different meanings. The term ‘sex’ refers to the biological and physiological characteristics of a person, such as male or female; ‘gender’ is a social construction that refers to masculine or feminine roles in society ( Nordqvist). For