Question Paper: Billing and Coding Applications with Simulations

An Esmarch bandage was used to exsanguinate the leg and a tourniquet time ended up being 27 minutes. Three portals were used for this procedure. The first was placed along the superior anterolateral aspect and a third along the inferior anteromedial aspect of the knee. We distended the knee with Lactated Ringer's solution. We examined the suprapatellar pouch and the medial and lateral gutters. She had significant chondromalacia starting al the patellofemoral joint. We did use shavers to trim and debride some of the chondromalacia on the trochlea. We then moved to the medial compartment and noted large areas of chondromalacia. We used a combination of basket forceps and the shaver to try to

Sport injuries have come to the forefront with the worldwide coverage of all sports. Of these injuries, the most common is knee injuries. A large portion of knee injuries are Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) stains and tears.

Dr. Cox has served as the team physician for St. Mary’s College Seahawks as well as the Chief of Surgery and Board Member at St. Mary Hospital. He offers the residents of Southern Maryland a variety of orthopedic services. Dr. Cox specializes in treating disorders of the hip and the knee. He has experience repairing the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), rotator cuff and meniscus by means of arthroscopic surgery. His passion is precision customized total knee replacements and every aspect of accelerated recovery following a joint replacement; therefore, he performs partial and total knee replacements using ConforMIS Knee Implants. These state-of-the-art implants provide patients with a custom-made implant that is designed specifically to meet his or her unique anatomy.

The purpose of this article is to compare the laxity and stiffness of the knee joint in male and female cadavers. Three different directions will be evaluated, anterior-posterior, internal-external, and varus-valgus. Females are at a two to eight times greater risk of an ACL injury than a male. This is due to the laxity in the joints. Females also have limited proprioception in the knee joint, which may attribute to some injuries. This study used a technique using cadaver knees to complete this study.

After lying on the ground for several minutes thinking it was going to be okay, you are going to get up and be fine in a few minutes. A few minutes went by and I attempted to walk. I felt the most searing pain that I have ever felt in my knee. Feeling the intense pain, I immediately collapsed back onto the ground. Later that weekend I received an MRI to see for sure that my injury was as bad as it felt. A couple hours after the MRI I received a phone call from my doctor. “Noah, I am sorry to tell you, but you not only tore your anterior cruciate ligament, but also your lateral meniscus.” My larynx sank deep into the depths of my stomach. I was

Diagnosis: Results from the orthopedic exam indicated two torn ligaments. The medial collateral ligament (MCL), which originates at the medial femoral epicondyle and inserts at the periosteum of the proximal tibia, deep to the pes anserine and the ACL, which originates on the Lateral wall of the intercondylar notch at its posterior aspect and inserts at the anterior aspect of the tibial plateau between the tibial eminences. As well, a medial meniscal injury was considered

The medical evidence shows the claimant had twisting injury to left knee with lateral meniscus tear on 7/1/13. He was also noted to have preexisting osteoarthritis of the left knee. The claimant underwent arthrosopic partial meniscectomy on the left knee on 2/27/14 with some symptomatic relief. An orthopedic report on 1/13/14 noted ongoing left knee pain. The physical exam showed tenderness; pain with flexion and extension; positive McMuray's test and negative Drawer's test. X-rays of left knee on 1/13/15 showed mild left knee osteoarthritis.

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament that can be found in the knee. The ACL attaches two of three bones that link to form the knee joint. These bones are the tibia, which is the larger bone in the calf area, and the femur, which is the bone found in the thigh. The third, non-connected bone is the patella, which is the kneecap that offers protection to the overall area. The knee joint houses four primary ligaments, which are separated into the following two groups. The collateral ligaments, which consist of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL), can be found toward the left and right of the patella. Collateral ligaments regulate sideways movements along with bracing for atypical

The bones in the upper and lower leg of Human body are connected by complex pivotal hinge joint called knee. The upper and lower extremities are encompassed of cartilage, tendons and ligaments. There are two cartilage pads called menisci that diffuse the friction created at the tibial and femur joint. The main ligaments of the knee are Medial Collateral ligament (MCL), Lateral Collateral ligament (LCL), Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Anterolateral ligament (ALL), and Posterior Cruciate ligament (PCL).

The patient may also complain of crepitation being heard during movement due to irregularity of the joint surfaces in the knee gliding over one another. Knee osteoarthritis is characterized by structural changes in the knee seen on radiographs involving loss of articular cartilage, joint space loss, and the presence of osteophytes.3 Primary care providers is the ones who primarily manage osteoarthritis with conservative and pharmacological treatments. Conservative treatment consists of exercise, strength training, and weight loss in order to reduce pain and progression of the disease. However, many conservative treatments fail over time and pharmacological treatment is needed to reduce pain in the patient.1 This literature review will look into the knee portal techniques, corticosteroid injections, and hyaluronic acid injections for knee

Introduction: In severe knee deformities, traumatic or congenital, malalignment of the mechanical axis of the femur and tibia causes excessive joint loading, which may increase articular cartilage degeneration. Osteotomy is a recognised treatment technique in such cases, as it redistributes the weight-bearing force on the knee. It can be performed in the distal femur or proximal tibia. Varus deformity causes excessive pressure in the medial compartment, therefore proximal tibial osteotomy, medial opening or lateral closing, is an option. In valgus deformity, distal femoral lateral opening wedge procedure is the most consensual choice of treatment, but proximal tibial wedge osteotomy, medial closing or lateral opening, can also be done.

A torn ACL is one of the most serious and common knee injuries. Many aspects play a role in the treatment and rehabilitation of this injury. This paper will discuss the anatomy of the knee, describe a torn ACL, and the rehabilitation.

Palastanga (2006). Anterior cruciate ligament as two bands, anteromedial attaches anterioriorly on intercondylar eminence of medial plateau of tibia.posterolateral attach on medial aspect of lateral condyle of femur; intermediately twisted. Vascular supply is middle genicular artery.

The knee joint is formed by the articulation of the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia. The fibula is only involved to the extent that it serves as an attachment site for connective tissue. In this paper, the anatomy of the joint will be discussed.

It includes three main figurations: superolateral fragment（75%), along with the lateral margin（20%), and the inferior pole (5%)(Saupe, 1943). The first and third situation is related to the insertion of vastus lateralis and patella tendon respectively(Dwek & Chung, 2008), in addition to the male predominance of this condition, make chronic traction a widely accepted hypothesis of its etiology (Ogata, 1994; Ogden, 1984; Ogden, McCarthy, & Jokl, 1982)(Kavanagh et al., 2007)(Dwek & Chung, 2008). Bipartite patella may be bilateral or unilateral. The patellar fragment is separated from the main body by a fibrocartilaginous tissue, which demonstrated as high or low T2 signal on MRI according to the amount of fibrous and cartilaginous tissue. Pseudarthrosis of the two moieties typical represent as fluid signal across the segmentation(Kavanagh et al., 2007). Bone marrow edema at either side of the opposed bony surfaces indicating abnormal/dysfunctional motion between the two fragment, usually accompanying with anterior knee pain/tenderness clinically (Dwek & Chung, 2008; Kavanagh et al., 2007). Treatment of painful bipartite patella is mainly conservative management, including rest, reduction, anti-inflammatory drugs, stretching exercises of the quadriceps(Gaheer, Kapoor, & Rysavy,