Questions On Barre Syndrome ( Gbs )

about half of the patients survive thirty years or more from onset. (Joy JE, Johnston RB, 2001)

Most people do not expect to become paralyzed during the course of their lives. Barring injury to the nervous system or debilitating disease, one does not expect to lose motor function. In spite of these expectations, people of all races, sexes, ages, and classes can be afflicted with a debilitating syndrome that can lead to difficulty in walking or even to temporary paralysis in the most severe cases. This syndrome is known commonly as Guillain-Barre Syndrome, or GBS.

trouble breathing, chest pain, cough, fever, headache, overall weakness, bloody sputum (saliva and mucus or pus from the lungs)

Tay Sachs Disease is an inherited disease that results in slow destruction of the central nervous system and sensory systems, which is caused by a mutation resulting in a deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme. The missing enzyme, hexosaminidase A, functions in breaking down the fatty material ganglioside GM2, a chemical found in nerve tissue. Without this enzyme, lipids accumulate in the brain cells and destroy them, resulting in damaged nerve cells, neurological problems, and eventually leading to death several years after birth. The disease was first discovered by Waren Tay, a British ophthalmologist in 1881. Tay-Sachs disease is very rare in the general population and is relatively common among certain ethnic groups such as Eastern Europeans

RSV is a virus that is hard to diagnosis because the signs and symptoms are a lot like the common cold. One may start to develop a runny nose or decrease in appetite the first couple of days when having this virus; but coughing, sneezing, and wheezing may also occur. In young infants, they may experience irritability or difficulties with breathing (“CDC,” 2014). One may have this virus before realizing the symptoms like a dry cough, low grade fever, sore throat or headache (Mayo Clinic, 1998). Someone with an upper respiratory tract infection may have a fever, headache, sore throat or wheezing; whereas someone with a lower respiratory tract infection may have a cough, increased breathing rate, tightness in the chest. While both tract infections should be taken seriously, they both can lead to RSV.

Acute tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils secondary to an infectious process causing painful swallowing and is more commonly attributed to a viral cause rather than bacterial (Shepherd, 2013). A physical assessment of the tonsils may reveal an increase in size with edema and erythema. This is often associated with upper respiratory symptoms like, headache and cough (Shepherd, 2013). Another diagnosis is pharyngitis. Pharyngitis is also a sore throat which is secondary to inflammation noted at the back of the throat and associated with complaints of pain when swallowing (Shepherd, 2013). Viral pharyngitis is the most common and can be contributed to the rhino or coronavirus which lasts between 5-7 days and presents with associated symptoms like cough, headache, fatigue and mild fever (Ruppert & Fay, 2015). Finally, GABHS or more commonly noted as strep throat is a potential diagnosis. This bacterial infection is most common in children and adolescents. Often individuals present with symptoms including throat pain, fever, chills, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy and exudate noted to tonsils or in the pharyngeal (Ruppert & Fay, 2015). This infectious process in younger children may also present with gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain but is not accompanied by cough or nasal

adults older patients are more frail and they have more complex health issues causing them to

It can affect anyone. It can strike at any age and both sexes are correspondingly predisposed to the disorder. Generally, Guillain-Barré occurs a couple of days or weeks after the patient has had symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral septicity. Many a times, surgery or vaccinations will elicit the syndrome. Infection with the bacterium Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common risk elements for GBS. Folks also can develop GBS after having the flu or other infections (such as cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus).

The patients who have Guillain-Barre syndrome may look fatigued and in pain. This patient would most likely complain of body aches, weakness in the lower limbs before the upper limbs, feel extremely tired, and may be unable to walk. GBS can be diagnosed to patients more than once. So, in their medical history this is what I would be looking for to narrow my options of a diagnosis. During the physical exam I would check the patient’s vitals to see if there is any difference in their blood pressure, heart rate, etc. Also I would examine

Gas gangrene happens when tissues do not get enough blood supply and that area dies. The causative agent in gas gangrene is C. perfringens microorganisms. According to Tortora, “they ferment carbohydrates in the tissue and produce gases (carbon dioxide and hydrogen) that swell the tissue (652).” The vector of gas gangrene is the bacteria and toxins that build up that causes the disease. Once the bacteria are present

Symptoms: Patients may display small, painful blisters filled with fluid around the lips or edge of the mouth. There may also be a tingling or burning sensation around the mouth or nose, often this will occur a few days before blisters appear. At times one may even develop a fever, a sore throat, or even swollen lymph nodes in one's neck.

It is very important to immunise against this disease not only because it is a very contagious virus but because it can have some very serious long term effects.

Regardless of which occur first, affected individuals will generally experience most of the symptoms as the disease progresses. Specifically, symptoms that include difficulty swallowing, moving, forming words, tight muscles, spasticity, and/or exaggerated reflexes occur when the upper motor neurons have been damaged. When lower motor neurons are damaged, symptoms such as muscle weakness, atrophy, cramping, and twitching will occur. In some cases, a few of the muscle neurons that

Signs and Symptoms: Chills, sweating, sores in the mouth, diarrhea, flue like symptoms, abdominal pain and shortness of breath. Sometimes fever is often the only indication of infection due to absence of an inflammatory response at the infection site.

Respiratory symptoms of this virus can be fever, cough, shortness of breath, and pneumonia. Patients can also have gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea. If the patient becomes severely ill, they may have a respiratory failure and would be placed on a respirator or a ventilator. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) website, "Approximately 27% of patients with MERS have died." The organization also claims that the virus causes a severer disease in the elderly, people with a weak immune system, and people that may gave a chronic disease.