Questions On English Phonetics And Linguistics

phonology - rules relating to the sounds of words and their constituent vowels and consonants.

What is the problem you are addressing? Students have to learn the names and sounds of the letters in order move on into more advance connections that will lead them into success in reading and writing. Traditional teaching methods in our schools allow students to make the connections between letter prints and phonemes using mostly visual and auditory learning styles. This early reading task is not easy for beginners (Ehri, Deffner & Lee, 1984, p. 880). In order to ease the difficulties young scholars might encounter while learning sound to letter graphic representation, multi sensory teaching

On January 30, 2018, at 2:00p.m., my newsletter presentation was given to four teachers in the exceptional children’s department at Douglas Byrd High School. It was important for me to review the newsletter with my coworkers because our work team is currently in the process of gathering new information for the start of the new semester which began on January 26, 2018. The age range of the students in our department range from 15-19 years of age; however, because of their varied learning disabilities and function levels, we use a lot of beginning reader teaching methods in an effort to work more effectively with all of our students.

There are many components to building a student’s reading skill set. One skill that is introduced in preschool and developed through the primary grades is phonemic awareness. The term phonemic awareness is defined as the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes – individual sounds. The child becomes aware of how sounds are connected to words prior to reading. This awareness creates the understanding of how phonemes explains how the smallest part of sound creates a difference in sound to the meaning of a word. Therefore, the ability to dismantle words, and reassemble them, and then to alter the word into something different explains the concept behind phonemic awareness. It is the primary foundation in which other reading skill sets are according based.

‘Speech’ is the formation of letters to produce sounds in order to convey feelings, thoughts or ideas. An example could be combining the sounds ‘eye-aa-mm-j-ay-nn’, to form the introductory sentences of ‘I am Jane’. This also includes altering the shape of the mouth

1. ELL students need to be familiar with the sounds of English before they can develop phonological awareness. 2. Instruction needs to be explicit, modifications made, and practice needs to be given when needed. 3. Once phonological awareness has developed in any language, then it can be transferred to other languages that are learned.  4. Teachers should frequently model the production of sounds. 5. Beginning readers should get help to learn to identify sounds in short words.

The literacy rates among fourth grade students in America are sobering. Sixty six percent of all U.S. fourth graders scored "below proficient" on the 2013 NAEP reading test, meaning that they are not reading at grade level. Even more alarming is the fact that among students from low-income backgrounds, 80 percent score below grade level in reading (Students First, 2014).

Phonology – use of sounds and how sounds are organized and used in natural languages.

would help to facilitate word recognition. The evidence also suggests that in most cases deficits in phonological skills associated with the ability to use speech codes are likely causes of dyslexia. Definitions of phonological processing are complex, Arrow (2016) defines

There are many aspects involved in phonics, phonics can be either analytical or synthetic. According to Anne Bayetto (2013) the National Reading Panel highly recommends phonics along with phonemic awareness, fluency, vocabulary and

Phonological awareness strategies play a vital role in the development of vocabulary and word consciousness. “It is a sound structure of language—that is, that language is made up of words, syllables, rhymes, and sounds (phonemes)” (Phonological Awareness). This awareness of sounds in a spoken language is a strong indicator of future literacy success. Strategies to promote phonological awareness provide opportunities to help students to hear and differentiate and segregate sounds in their oral language. Emergent learns can better discern rhymes and alteration and understand sounds through syllables.

Ibrahim, Kilpatrick, Reilly, and Vogel (2009) performed a comparative study of the acoustic measures of hypernasality in the speech of school-aged children aged 2-14 years, some with cleft lip/palate and others without cleft lip/palate. Ibrahim, Kilpatrick, Reilly, and Vogel (2009) provided perceptual ratings of the hyper/hyponasality of vowel production in the children’s speech. Any child who was sick or had acquired an upper respiratory infection was excluded from the study, as was any child with cleft lip/palate who also had any other disorders or comorbidities. The study included a perceptual assessment in which two speech therapists were required to agree upon the perception of the phonemes the child produced. Each child held and sustained two vowels, followed by production of two CVC words without nasal phonemes. This process was repeated five times with each child. The

Phonics is described as “understanding letter-sound relationships, as well as larger letter pattern/sound pattern relationships” (Ruddell, 2009). Though in my opinion there is a lot more to phonics than this. There are several aspects to phonics, different types of phonics, negatives to the idea, and several ways to teach it. In this paper I will address all of these based on research I found, the discussion I had with my peers, and my own opinion.

2. Write the phonetic symbol for the last sound in each of the following words. Example: boy [ɔɪ] (Diphthongs should be treated as one sound.)

Every language constitutes its own sound system, and this sound system is a very important aspect when learning or studying a language. Along with this sound system are the prosodic features of a language. This study is about the phonological system and the prosodic features of