Quit Smoking Case Studies

I will analyse the prevalence of the condition and what the potential causes may be. My interests have been directed to pre hospital care and community lead treatment packages, which are potentially available to the patient, as this is the acute environment, which I will have contact with in my employment as a paramedic. The initial reading was to understand COPD as a chronic condition, what is COPD? and its prevalence in the population. The (World health organisation, 2000), states that one in four deaths in the world are caused by COPD. In 2010 (Vos T Flaxman etal, 2012), says globally there were approximately 329 million, which is 4.8% of the population who are affected by this chronic condition, In the UK (NICE, 2010), have estimated that 3 million people suffer from COPD, with more yet to be diagnosed. This information about the amount of people living with this condition was surprising, as I little knowledge of its existence. During the early 1960’s (Timothy Q. Howes, 2005), says the term COPD had been designated as a single term unifying all the chronic respiratory diseases. Since then the term COPD, has been sub divided in to three umbrella areas, Bronchitis, Emphysema and Chronic asthma, which are separate conditions, which I have been previously aware of as their individual conditions. The 58 year old patient who we visited,

Background: Comorbidities are common and significant in COPD, often contributing to symptoms, exacerbations, hospital admissions and mortality.

There are no cure for this disease. However, there are different treatment to prevent further deterioration of the lungs function in order to improve the quality of life of the patient by increasing capacity of their physical activity. One of the main severe complication a patient with COPD can develop is exacerbation. Increased breathlessness, increased sputum volume and purulent sputum are the signs and symptoms of exacerbation. Early detection of the signs of exacerbation can help keep the condition of the patient from worsening. The treatments of COPD mainly aims at controlling the symptoms of exacerbation such as taking inhalers. Patients who are over the age of 35 and ex-smokers with chronic cough and bronchitis are recommended to have spirometer (NICE, 2004). This is because it is possible to delay or prevent patients from developing severe case of COPD is identified before they lose their lungs functions. Oxygen therapy is another treatment for COPD as the patients with this condition has high

The study began with 32 patients having stages II to IV COPD. They had to meet the criteria pertaining to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; total lung capacity >120%, (FEV1/FVC) <70%, FEV1 <80%, RV/TLC >140% and >40% of predicted values in stable conditions. Patients were removed from the study if they had asthma, heart failure, orthopedic impairments of the shoulder girdle, recent surgery, past thoracic fractures, pneumothorax, and claustrophobia.

COPD is one of the greatest causes of disability and mortality in the twenty first century with future predictions painting an even graver story. Occupation, genome, and primarily smoking are the main causes of COPD. COPD is the third leading cause of death in America, claiming the lives of 134,676 Americans in 2010. Symptoms are typical of a constant smokers cough which progresses into the debilitating palliative stage of the disease; the development of co-morbidities exacerbates these symptoms. COPD has a complex pathophysiology involving hyperinflation, excessive mucus production and airway remodeling; diagnosis is through lung function tests. COPD is poorly managed with few effective treatments and a poor

The study included 100 patients with COPD. All patients fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to its demographic and clinical parameters and treatment groups differ among themselves. Completed the study, all patients included in the study. The therapy in all patients with a clinically meaningful improvement of symptoms was observed.

Overall the treatment plan to treat Mr. Puff’s nicotine dependency would centre around education, and counselling as this is the least invasive option. Implementing nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion SR or varenicline have been noted to be effective pharmacological interventions for patients with COPD and would be important for Mr. Puff as well (Tonnesen, 2013). Smoking cessation is the most modifiable factor for COPD. Furthermore, it increases the rate of survival and decreases mortality. COPD and smoking are significantly correlated with the progression of the disease process. Smoking cessation allows for the accelerated decline in expiratory volume to be prevented as well. It is therefore the most effective option to halt the advancement

We conducted a 12 month randomized prospective case-control study on patients diagnosed with acute COPD exacerbation from December 2016 to November 2017. The case cohort was administered a Discharge Checklist at the time of hospital discharge while the patients in the control group underwent usual discharge care. The Discharge Checklist included identification of factors such as non-compliance, inappropriate oxygen use, inappropriate inhaler technique and lack of follow up. In addition, we measured the Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF) and adjusted the home inhalers based on the PIF. The electronic health record was used to look for evidence of readmissions. The primary outcome measured was the 30-day readmission rates of the cases compared to

Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for COPD, but there are medications that are available to help the symptoms and make it easier for the person to breathe. Bronchodilators are a type of medication that will help open the airways to get better airflow. Short acting bronchodilators are used in emergency situations for rapid relief. Some short acting bronchodilators are Albuterol, levalbuterol (Xopenex), and Ipratropium (Atrovent). They can come in an inhaler or in a liquid that can be inhaled from a nebulizer. There are some side effects to the short acting bronchodilators including dry mouth, blurred vision, tremors, tachycardia, or a cough. Long acting bronchodilators help treat the symptoms of COPD over a longer period of time, so it may take longer to see results. Patients can use long acting bronchodilators once or twice a day depended on how bad the symptoms are, which also comes in inhalers or a liquid that can be put in a nebulizer. Some examples of the medication are Tiotropium (Spiriva), Salmeterol (Serevent, Formoterol (Foradil, Perforomist), Arformoterol (Brovana), Indacaterol (Arcapta), Aclidinium (Tudorza). (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). Over time these medications will help if the person takes them continually. Long acting Bronchodilators are not used as emergency or rescue medication. Some of the side effects of these medications are dry mouth, dizziness, tremors, runny nose, an irritated or scratchy throat, allergic reactions, blurred vision, and

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, also known as COPD, is the third leading cause of death in the United States. COPD includes extensive lungs diseases such as emphysema, non-reversible asthma, specific forms of bronchiectasis, and chronic bronchitis. This disease restricts the flow of air in and out of the lungs. Ways in which these limitations may occur include the loss of elasticity in the air sacs and throughout the airways, the destruction of the walls between air sacs, the inflammation or thickening of airway walls, or the overproduction of mucus in airways which can lead to blockage. Throughout this paper I am going to explain the main causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and ways to reduce COPD.

A 66-year-old female patient, M.K., was admitted to an outlying hospital for exacerbations of respiratory failure. M.K. also has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) along with chronic respiratory failure, bronchiectasis, tobacco use for 15 years, and other pulmonary diseases. Breathing techniques to assist with the effects of COPD is the focus of my teaching plan. COPD is associated “with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response of the airways and lungs to noxious particles or gases that is primarily cause by cigarette smoking” (Kaufman, 580).

S. It is the fourth leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in the United States and is projected to rank fifth in 2020 as a worldwide burden of disease according to a study published by the World Bank/World Health Organization (Pauwels, 2012). Yet; COPD fails to receive adequate attention from the health care community and government officials (Pauwels, 2012). In 1998, in an effort to bring more attention to COPD, its management, and its prevention, a committed group of scientist encouraged the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the World Health Organization to form the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) (Pauwels, 2012). GOLD’s intention is to bring awareness to individuals who treat COPD and the individuals who suffer and die every year due to the complications from the disease. GOLD used a consensus report for this study and updates the version to reflect on vital changes, stages and signs of COPD. The goals for GOLD are to improve management; and prevention of COPD through effort of people involved in all areas of healthcare and the policies of health care, including worldwide involvement. One strategy to help achieve the objectives of GOLD is to provide health care to workers, health care authorities, and the general public with state-of-the-art information about COPD and specific recommendations on the most appropriate management and prevention strategies (Pauwels,

Methods: 47 COPD patients were included into the trial according to the enter and exclusion criteria. The subjects were categorized into control group and rehabilitation group using random numbers, after which have their pulmonary function, CPET (Cardiopulmonary exercise testing), 6MWT (6 Minutes walk test), CAT (COPD Assessment Test), SF-12 (Short-Form Health Survey) score tested. After the CPET test, the patients in rehabilitation group received personal rehabilitation treatment under the instructions made based on their VO2 peak and

Outcome Measures: The primary endpoint was the COPD exacerbations causing hospitalization. The secondary endpoint was the COPD exacerbations requiring treatment. Negative binomial regression was used to analyze both the primary and secondary endpoints.

The article “Evaluating the effectiveness of smoking cessation in the management of COPD” written by Isimat Temitayo Orisasmi and Omorogieva Ojo reviews the relationship between nicotine intake through smoking and the lung disease associated with it. Smoking is one of the major causes of increased mortality. More than 80% of smokers develop Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), making it one of the leading causes of death in the world (Orisasami and Ojo, 2016, p. 786). The main aim of the article is to draw the attention of the health professionals towards using pharmacotherapy drugs combined with trained nurses counseling to manage the lung disease.