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Race, Gender, And Ethnicity

Satisfactory Essays

Shivani Amin
Professor Trefethen
Philosophy 5
4 November 2015
Race, Gender, and Ethnicity in American Law
The Virginia Military Institute was a higher education school in Virginia. It claimed to train the leaders of the future, or “citizen-soldiers” and impart to its students great discipline; however, it only enrolled male students. In 1996, the United States government sued the state of Virginia and the Virginia Military Institute for its male-only policy as a violation of the Fourteenth amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. The District Court ruled in the school’s favor. The Fourth Circuit demanded Virginia to reverse this constitutional violation (Van Camp). In response to this complaint, Virginia proposed a similar program for women: the Virginia Women’s Institute for Leadership. The District Court found that this plan satisfied the equal protection requirement, and the Fourth Circuit affirmed that although these two institutions would differ in prestige (and the historical benefit), they would still offer essentially similar educational opportunities. The United States then appealed to the Supreme Court, and it raised the issue whether this new women’s only academy satisfied the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. The Supreme court ruled, in a 7-to-1 decision, that Virginia Military Institute’s male-only policy was unconstitutional. In order to not violate the Equal Protection clause of the amendment, VMI must make its program available to women as well. VMI

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