Racial/Ethnic Divide

Although having grounded your own identity in the United States, we are being confined from being a full member of the American family, Reifowitz claimed. Though most of our population is still mostly multiracial throughout its years, the national community was not. However, “the country’s basic institutions were forged primarily by those of Anglo-Saxon ethnicity”(11), was based upon the shared principles that this nation was built upon to be more civilized as I presumed. Reifowitz claims that these issues were fueled to the changes in connection to the Civil Rights movements in the 1960’s. Nevertheless gave rise to the academic and ethnicities debates that took place in the 1980’s and 90’s. I understand that Reifowitz has brought these issues

Major Morrissey demonstrates a view typical of the ignorant racist “if your Jap painted his face with burnt cork, who would be the wiser?” – and shows a tendency to view people with totally different cultures as one and the same. Such is his belief in his own superiority and the unsuperiority of others of different race, that he neglects to realise that Japanese and Aboriginal cultures are two very independent and separate ways of life. The racially and culturally intolerant behaviour of the community of Broome shows how troublesome it is to accept cultural difference.

I would like to focus my response to the reading in Gabbidon & Greene, Chapter 1, generally around the idea of social construction. Furthermore, I would like to specially provide responses to discussion questions number one and two as posed in the conclusion of chapter one. Discussion question number one asks to “Explain the origin of race and its implications for race and crime.” Discussion question number two asks “Do you believe there are distinct races?” I will also provide perspective on issues surrounding the term “minorities”.

Furthermore, she argues that Canada’s official multiculturalism policy was enacted as a solution to the crisis of whiteness that had emerged in the post-war era. It reconstitutes reconstituting whiteness as a culturally tolerant cosmopolitan whiteness, thus leading to the erasure of Canada’s colonial and imperialist history. She also maintains that the policy categorizes people of colour culturally and has thus led to the reconfiguration of race as culture and cultural identity – to the extent that minorities reproduce their own classification according to culturalism terms. She criticizes multiculturalism for the othering of immigrants in relation to the dominant white nationalist identity as well as for denouncing the claims and rights of Aboriginal

Los Angeles is a primal location that experiences “moral panics about crime” on a day to day basis, causing the labeling of innocent groups as criminals through broken windows policing and gang injunctions (Lipsitz 33). Broken windows policing pledges that in order of “stopping major crimes you must first prevent small signs of disorder from proliferating” (Gilmore and Heatherton 1). Similarly gang injunction policies claim they create safer communities by restricting “movements of those labeled gang members” (Munoz 33). Both forms of policing sound ideal; however, author Ana Munoz, explains in her book, Police, Power, and the Production of Racial Boundaries, how these multifaceted policies specifically end up targeting chicanos (and people of color) as criminals in many communities of Los Angeles. Furthermore, Munoz uses the same communities as examples that highlight how such policies are one sided because they only protect the interest and well being of home/property owners, city officials, and officers. She explains how even though these policies claim being “race neutral,”the privileged alter policies by specifically making them meet the description of the barbarians they wish on eliminating. Thus, gang injunction and broken windows policing are molded in

In the novel “Police, Power and the Production of Racial Boundaries” by Ana Muniz, exposes how entrepreneurs, law enforcement, society and the criminal justice system shape our views towards minority races. Considering this, these influential groups and systems would use political policies and everyday procedures to criminalize and incriminate the African American and Latino communities in the Los Angeles area. Furthermore, she reveals the development of multiple-unit housing, residential and school desegregation, and lastly Los Angeles first gang injunction and how people of power shape our lives.

This paper relies heavily on a multitude of books and articles. Each are based off of Britain and how imperialism was involved in creating a diverse nation out of the United Kingdom. Some of those books talk about the history of Britain and how slavery was used within the imperialist age. Some of those other books talked about the disadvantages of ethnic minorities in Britain today. While, most of the articles and online sources take a more modern cultural approach to show how diverse the culture of Britain is today, and how each ethnic group may be affected by disadvantages that they may experience in the world today.

"Chapman didn’t think taking a knee during the national anthem meant a black football player was a “son of a bitch,” that he didn’t want any part of the hideous racial divisiveness that Trump was instigating.

Many believe that the United States doesn’t have a racial divide, but there are facts and statistics that prove otherwise. For instance, there is the divide within education that states that African Americans are twice as likely as whites not to finish high school. Not only in academics are they divided but also in disciplinary within the school in where it shows that black students are suspended or expelled roughly three times more than their white companions. Statistics show that 21% of white students end up completing a college degree, while only 13% of blacks complete the same goal, leading to the next issue being wealth. Whereas even if they both obtain the same college degree the payoff is nowhere near the same. For example a white family

This seems to be the case in Australia where research reveals that, despite the relatively tolerant social attitudes concerning multiculturalism and national identity, many Australians are quite suspicious of migrants and tend to exercise negative behaviours (Fozdar, Spittles & Hartley 2015). Indeed, this is especially evident with Middle Eastern migrants coming from largely Islamic countries. In a recent quantitative survey undertaken in 2012, 12 percent of the participants involved reported uncomfortable feelings towards Iraqi immigrants (the highest of any group) (Markus 2014). Therefore, it would seem that nationalism has some life in Australia and it is connected to assimilation. To understand this further, this essay will now move to an examination of Australia’s political history, with a specific focus on the decisions made during the Howard-Coalition era (1996 -

The current racial and ethnic problems are few. But discrimination may not only occur between different ethnic groups, discrimination can be also in daily life practiced . The work place, for instance, a few bosses neglect to hire individuals as result of who they are. Or some might gain promotions over other people , As well as in public spots , when people are treated disrespectfully in public places like restaurants , markets , hospitals and sport facilities because they look like or have a few attributes that others are not happy with . Education also might be discriminatory , Children from ethnic minorities have been denied admission, or scholarships, or have been excluded from educational programs.

The enactment of the Racial Discrimination Act, under the Whitlam government of 1975, heralded a revolutionary shift in the psyche of many; to this day it remains a cornerstone to peaceful race relations and the fundamental principle of equality before the law. Of particular note, it was the sanctioning of the provisions and principles enlisted under Section18 of this legislation which scrutinized the very framework to the legality of racial vilification from its previously applauded state. Introduced in an era when racial intolerance and discriminatory prejudice was the social norm, from the atrocities of the Stolen Generation to the infamous White Australia Policy, the nature of racial vilification was made unlawful. This move encouraged

The issue of anti-Irish racism in Britain is not a relic of the past. The Plymouth Herald published an article reporting some instances of anti-ginger related crimes in recent years. “Officers revealed that in a crime recorded on January 13, 2013 a red-headed person was assaulted and occasioned actual bodily harm. The offender was given a caution for the crime investigated by Plymouth Central and Plymstock Sector.” (The Plymouth Evening Herald, 25). All anti-ginger and anti-Irish crimes in the area would be difficult to record, however since crimes against this group of people are not classified as hate crimes, and thus are not reported as such. Not only is violence against the Irish in Britain a modern issue, “scientific studies” concluding that the Irish and other minority groups in Britain are racially inferior, traditionally thought of as an archaic practice during the

This piece highlights the ways in which diverse identities are erased under the guise of a homogenized national subject. This project imagines multiculturalism and assimilation politics within a dystopian lens, which calls “proper” citizen subjects into question by engaging them in the very structure that sustains power in “proper” sites and bodies. I found reciting the test excited thoughts of my own history in relation to citizenship, as I was reminded that my parents had to successfully complete this exam. This project boldly unmasks how representational tactics fail to engage with the diverse and varied backgrounds of those it claims to support, and instead creates a grotesque amalgamation of normative immigrant identities that works to reinstate the model assimilated minority. This is explored within Gloria Anzaldua’s work as she highlights that one of the crucial steps in reimaging the postmodern subject is unlearning the implicit ways that reality is shaped by dualisms (Anzaldua, 9). The use of dualistic thinking in understanding cultures, bodies, spaces, and lives remains one of the ways that duality maintains structural racism, xenophobia, and exclusionary

The concept of Britishness is actually an interesting dynamic. On the one hand, it is a simple concept in that it is the act of being British. The government driving politics in the UK has a very narrowly defined definition of Britishness that it often uses to define the idea to foreigners trying to become part of British life (Clarke 211). This concept reveals Britishness as the fact of being from a particular region and speaking a particular language. Yet it is within a social science perspective that the concept of Britishness becomes much more multi-faceted and diverse, even controversial when trying to decide if it is an ideology of a nation or an ethnicity. In this capacity, "the meaning of British has changed over time and continues to give rise to confusion and debate" (Clarke 230). It is within this concept that the argument on whether or not