Racial Inequality In Cuba

Thirty-seven years to the date April 20th, 2017, Fidel Castro enacted the policy of the Mariel boatlift, in which he’d allow Cubans seeking to emigrate to the United States to do so by departing at Mariel. This number would eventually eclipse 125,000 people seeking asylum and refuge from Cuba, and the regime in which at one point they felt represented or directly opposed their own viewpoints. The first wave of Cuban exiles being the extremely wealthy, in direct opposition to Fidel Castro’s regime for a race-less society, and a single-class economy, government, and social order. The ultimatum being set at you’re with the revolution or you’re not, this encouraged former supporters of the now ousted Batista, to seek refuge in the United States.

Cubans have absolutely no problem sharing their feelings, thoughts, and ideas. They are known for being boisterous and not keeping anything to themselves. For example, when I have gone a long time without seeing a family member the first words out of their mouth are “oh my goodness! You have gained weight.” If anyone wants an honest opinion a Cuban is the right person to ask, they are very blunt and to the point. Although they are open to talk about anything to have a conversation, there are somethings that are considered taboo in discussion. A very touchy subject would be racism. In Cuba, they are still battling some issues with it. It is said that black Cubans do not get the same fair treatment as all the others. They are given the hardest and less remunerated jobs. Many Black Cubans complain that they are given a hard time in their jobs and get hassled the most by police when they are doing their jobs (New attitudes on once-taboo race questions emerge in Cuba, 2017).

During the Cold War, relations between Cuba and the United States were icy. Cuba was allied with the USSR, America’s enemy, and was well within their sphere of influence. With events like the failed Bay of Pigs invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis happening on their soil, Cuba was at the center of the Cold War. Between ideological differences and their alliance with Russia, Cuba became an enemy of America as well. It took the efforts of ten American presidents, six Popes, and countless other actors, but Cuba and America are finally in the process of normalizing relations. There is still work to be done, but the path is clear and the time is right. However, one cannot simply ignore the last fifty years. In that time, millions of lives were affected by the lack of social, economic, and political ties between the U.S. and Cuba. In this paper, I will analyze the last fifty years of U.S. - Cuban relations by looking at the involved actors, their means, and their values and interests through the lenses of two paradigms, realism and constructivism.

Even though Cuba is a little under 100 miles away from the United States, the relationship between the two countries has created an atmosphere full of tension and perpetual mistrust. When Fidel Castro decided to align Cuba with the U.S.S.R. and become a communist country, the United States of America was stunned and highly insulted. Because of their relationship, both countries have played a back and forth game of trying to outdo the other. This game and state of affairs in Cuba has created a large influx of Cuban immigrants looking for better opportunities and trying to escape poverty and persecution. This paper will be focusing on Cuban immigrants and examining different Cuban immigration laws, which allowed them to easily become United States citizens, including; the Cuban Adjustment Act, The Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1976 and the Wet Foot, Dry Foot Policy. It will also discuss whether the Cuban immigration laws are unfair to other foreign immigrants and whether the laws are relevant today. Finally, we will be considering the future and try to predict how the laws will change with the changing diplomatic relations between Cuba and the United States and the imminent removal of the Embargo Act.

Cuba is merely one example of a society. Juan Cabrera is simply an ordinary example of an individual. What The Lonely Crossing of Juan Cabrera by J. Joaquin Fraxedas bring to light is the extraordinary effects of stepping outside the comfort zone of following the expectations of those that lead our governments. Although the situation was unlike our own it highlights what could very well could have

The study of race relations in contemporary Cuba indelibly requires an understanding of the dynamic history of race relations in this ethnically pervasive island of the Caribbean. Cuban society, due to its historical antecedents of European colonialism and American imperialism, has traditionally experienced anguished and even tumultuous race relations. Racial disharmony has plagued Cuban society ever since the advent of the Colonial institution of the plantation system. Thus, in order to acquire some understanding of Cuba’s dynamic race relations one must study and investigate the evolution of racial tensions and the quintessential

There are only five countries left in this world that still call themselves communists stated by (PRI,2013). Everyone knows those five countries as, China, Dominican Republic, Korea, Vietnam, and of course Cuba. Cuba is home to 11.2 million citizens whom live a very different life than us who populate the united states (PRI,2013). During the year of 1925 the socialist party was founded forming the Communist party. Cubans government has survived over 50 years of Communism (BBC,2017).

Afro-Cubans struggled to no avail for racial equality between the years 1886-1912. The slaughter of protesting blacks in 1912 shows that the battle cries for equality of Antonio Maceo and José Marté during the war for independence had dissolved. What was left was a unequal Cuban society, divided racially and fearing a black revolution. Aline Helg speaks directly to this issue in her book Our Rightful Share: The Afro-Cuban Struggle for Equality, 1886-1912. The aforementioned period was one in which the nation’s formation was taking place, thus the unsuccessful attempt at equality has left difficult remnants of racial inequality buried deeply in the fabric of the nation.

They have the leading college completion rate of all the Latino groups in the U.S. The majority of them came during the anti-Castro movement as refugees to the United States. They were generally well educated, had managerial or professional backgrounds, and therefore met with greater economical success than later immigrants (Racial and Ethnic Groups Chapter 9). Fidel Castro has ruled over Cuba for the past 48 years, and there are still people coming to the United States (Miami, Florida) to get their citizenship and running from his reign. As recent as today, some immigrants from Cuba are not accepted well, unless they are outspoken critics of Fidel Castro (Racial and Ethnic Groups Chapter 9). The younger generation is more worried about how the Miami Dolphins are doing than what is going on in Havana these days (Racial and Ethnic Groups Chapter 9).

The history of Cuban immigration to the United States is vastly different than that of any other immigrant group. This difference have been codified into law and policy with the purpose of crippling Castro’s communist regime. Many immigrant groups and Americans have viewed the laws and policies as discriminatory as they clearly established preferential treatment, economic and education advantages of one immigrant group over another. After The U.S. government passed the Cuban Adjustment Act of 1966, exempting Cuban immigrants from many of the provision established by The U.S. Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 it was not until the “wet-foot, dry-foot policy of 1995 that anything was done by the United States government to normalize the

Patrick Symmes is a journalist whose work focuses on Latin America, particularly Cuba. He has published several books, is a regular contributor to Newsweek, and has also published articles in many occasions. Thirty Days as a Cuban was written in October 2010 as Symmes experienced life in Havana. Symmes explains how during his time living in Cuba, the degree of socio/economic inequality was relatively low. While some people were making more than others, the vast majority of Cubans were significantly poor and suffered from starvation in a daily basis. He informs the readers about the way citizens live under a dictatorship government that is literally killing them due to its arbitrary laws and unorganized economic system. The tone of this reading is informative, concise and clear. Furthermore, the author writing style helps to better understand how the dictatorship imposed in Cuba is affecting every citizen and not just a certain group. The way it’s just destroying people’s dreams and hopes of having a better future to offer to those future generations.

Despite these discriminatory practices, the white elite insisted that Cuban society was fair to all its members by hiding behind what Helg calls "the myth of racial equality". According to this myth, Cuba had attained racial equality because white masters had freed their slaves during the first war of attempted independence, blacks and whites had fought side by side in the war, and that if blacks were not successful, it was due to their own lack of merits (Helg 105-106). However, the myth failed to take into account that some masters had opposed the freeing of their slaves, that Afro-Cubans were over-represented in the independence army and in the lower ranks, and that slavery had deprived blacks of the opportunity to acquire the skills they needed to succeed in professional careers (105-106).

During most of President Obama’s speech, the people of Cuba were embraced with the comfort President Obama had for them. In his situation, he was in a country

Gender inequality has been ongoing issue since the beginning of time. The Cuban Revolution brought along many changes that were to be positive change bought upon by the Cubans. However, the revolution saw ‘gender inequality’ as more of a dilemma than race. Ultimately, black cubans ( Afro-Cubans) were Cuban. The government could not deny that, as the revolution came about Afro-Cubans were granted the same rights as whites. The job market, education, and public places were coming together and be one Cuba. “ Women were encouraged to form their own organization, the Federation of Cuban Women, under the auspices of the Communist Party, and identify and challenge the problem that faced them specifically”. ( Chomsky 141) For instance, the revolution

In 2016, President Obama became the first US President to visit Cuba in 88 years. During his speech to the people of Cuba, Obama demonstrated a strong credibility as speaker by building rapport with his audience. For example, Obama stated, "I have come here to extend the hand of friendship to the Cuban people. Cuba, like the United States, was built in part by slaves brought here from Africa. Like the United States, the Cuban people can trace their heritage to both slaves and slave owners. We've welcomed both immigrants who came a great distance to start new lives in the Americas." In this statement, President Obama connects with his audience by being honest, sincere, reliable, and showing his wishes of friendship with the people of