Racial Segregation Patterns

In his essay “Still Separate, Still Unequal: America’s Educational Apartheid,” Jonathan Kozol brings our attention to the apparent growing trend of racial segregation within America’s urban and inner-city schools (309-310). Kozol provides several supporting factors to his claim stemming from his research and observations of different school environments, its teachers and students, and personal conversations with those teachers and students.

Recent events that have highlighted racial tension in the United States have had even a larger number of opinions that vary regarding why the nation continues to struggle with such a challenging issue. In our text Chapter 6 titled “The City/Suburban Divide” (Judd & Swanstrom, 2015, p. 136) identifies a subject that very well may contribute to the tension. A reference to the “urban crisis” describes a landscape that is littered with “high levels of segregation, inequality and poverty, along with racial and ethnic tensions.” (Judd, et al., p. 165) Many scholars argue that the crisis was a result of the demographic changes the nation experienced following World War II as advancements in technology and infrastructure aided White Mobility. The term “White Flight” has been used to describe a massive relocation early in the twentieth century when the White Middle-Class population left the cities for suburban areas following the great migration.

The racial segregation between Worcester Metropolitan area and the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY metropolitan area is very similar. For both of the area, it shows that White-Black, White-Hispanic, White-Asian, Black-Asian, and Hispanic-Asian have a moderate level of segregation. Black-Hispanic have a low moderate level of segregation in both of the areas. The segregation of poverty and of affluence is greater in the Worcester Metropolitan area than it is in the Albany-Schenectady-troy, NY Metropolitan area.

Rough Draft & Thesis Statement Minorities are faced with housing discrimination on levels much higher than that of white people which is considered white privilege. Residential segregation has been strategically planned and carried out by multiple parties throughout history and persists today ultimately inhibiting minorities from making any of the social or economic advances that come from living in affluent neighborhoods and communities. From our research, the scholarly sources have depicted multiple causes of racial disparity. Housing segregation perpetuates negative circumstances for people of color, as looked at through history, laws, segregation, real estate, and ... The end of the Civil War and the start of the Industrial Revolution and

This isn't techincally segregation because there's no rule saying that the races cannot be mixed in these areas, but it ends up being that white people won't want to move to black neighborhoods, black people won't want to move to white neighborhoods, and the neighborhoods remain separated. There are also many cases of racial profiling today by police officers. Data shows that young black men are more likely to be stopped and frisked on the street than young white men. There are many cases where police officers have gone too far in terms of force in relation to a incident involving young black men. In big cities, it's quite dangerous to be a young black man, for often times you'll be the subject to unfair stops and unneeded force by police officers. Race also can judge whether or not you'll even be hired at a job. There are often times where, if you're black and have a nearly identical resume as a white person, that person will get the job over you. Racism is still very present in today's society despite laws that pervent segregation and discrimination based on

In the article “Does Race Matter in Residential Segregation” a look at the continuing pattern of segregation expressed by whites in their avoidance of neighborhoods with minorities is examined. Although this phenomenon can be seen as a racially influenced action alone, it is strongly debated that differences in socioeconomic status between minorities are causing whites to make their decisions to leave. To determine if this is correct, the writers of this article conduct a factorial experiment, where they used phone calls to ask respondents a hypothetical scenario regarding the purchase of a home, while controlling variables that were uncontrollable in other experiments. The experiment offered the respondent a randomly generated combination

According to Massey and Denton (1988), residential segregation “is the degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of the urban environment”(282). Now this is a pretty general definition, but it gives basic but good insight as to what residential desegregation is talking about. In this paper, I will mostly be focusing on residential segregation as it relates to the black and white populations in relation to one another, although I will be referencing some other races briefly to create a better understanding of concepts or ideas.

The problems of race and urban poverty remain pressing challenges which the United States has yet to address. Changes in the global economy, technology, and race relations during the last 30 years have necessitated new and innovative analyses and policy responses. A common thread which weaves throughout many of the studies reviewed here is the dynamics of migration. In When Work Disappears, immigrants provide comparative data with which to highlight the problems of ghetto poverty affecting blacks. In No Shame in My Game, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants are part of the changing demographics in Harlem. In Canarsie, the possible migration of blacks into a working/middle-class neighborhood prompts conservative backlash from a

He found that some of the main determinants of ethnic residential segregation- family income, human capital, and ethnic capital-have a negative correlation (higher levels of any or all three= lower levels of segregation). This ethnic segregation also persists intergenerationally. The model, in fact, suggests that greater

One historical reason for these correlations is, in 1940, the federal government endorsed disinvestment in the areas where blacks lived, transferred money into suburbs that were “whiter”, and supported spatial segregation. This act by the government caused neighborhoods that were not white to become poor, and neighborhoods became segregated due to spatial segregation. Factors like investment, money, and segregation are strongly related to racially isolated neighborhoods. Another historical reason is the National Housing Act of 1934 which only was for white people. This act subsidized home mortgages for whites only, so only white people could move to the suburbs. Therefore, suburbs were only white neighborhoods not for people of color. This

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended state and local laws that involved segregation, prohibiting legal discrimination based on ethnicity, color, race, sex, and religion. Now, after much time has passed, people can pose the question: how prominent is segregation in today’s society? In particular, Chicago, the third largest city in the United States, poses interesting dynamics concerning this question. For one, the city consistently has high crime and murder rates in specific areas, while other parts of the city show low rates in comparison. One researcher Richard Reeves states, "Even in a country marked by high levels of segregation, Chicago stands out" (qtd. in Luhby). Therefore, many would agree that laws prohibiting segregation didn’t necessarily get rid of it. These laws, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, did not bring together different groups of people, and most certainly haven’t prevented segregation regarding other facets of life, areas not so easily defined by the law. Segregation and the problems it creates, further leads to unfair disadvantages placed on members of certain communities. Here, through the examination of numerous texts and social dynamics, various aspects of segregation in Chicago will be explored to argue how segregation is still a dominant and troubling part of Chicago, and how it has drastic consequences.

In America, segregation and economic inequality has divided the country in two. Not only has the citizens in this great nation suffered from these oppressing factors, but also the development of this great nation. In this essay, I will discuss how segregation and economic inequality has impacted America. I will also discuss how the ghetto was created from a deliberate plan to separate the “inferior races” from the “superior races”.

Racial residential segregation remains at an all time high in the United States. Studies found that households with different races, but the same income reside in neighborhoods that have different economic and racial compositions. These patterns were discovered all over the world. The Census has developed “new patterns in neighborhoods with is described and compared to the average racial and economic composition of the neighborhoods of each racial/ethic group at each exact level of household income” (Fox, 2015). This will allow comparisons to be made across the metropolitan areas and show that patterns hold for all levels of income.

Furthermore, black leaders should call to attention the problem of segregation by socioeconomic status and language occurring in urban communities and schools. This kind of segregation is no different from what was happening in the States in the 1960’s except it’s no longer an issue of color. Adults living in disadvantaged communities have worse health and economic outcomes than people living in distressed areas (Sanbonmatsu et al. 109). Mounting evidence suggests a correlation between high poverty neighborhoods and health problems: premature mortality,

Segregation is the division of people that share certain racial, social, and economic characteristics from other people of differing characteristics in a defined area. Segregation is mediated by action of specific groups of people leaving areas concentrated with other groups of people of differing interests. Essentially, individuals from these groups voluntarily (based on individual choice and personal preference) or involuntarily (based on external factors such as income and social pressures) segregate themselves from society; by doing so, they create a distanced domain of people that share similar racial, social, and economic characteristics. In a segregated society, “members of one group are disproportionately concentrated in a particular set of geographical units compared with other groups in the population” (Massey et al. 2009, p. 74). This is initiated by large patterns of individual choice: small preferences in the racial composition of neighborhoods drive some people away from certain areas, leading them to aggregate in other specified areas. At a local scale, segregation seems almost non-existent and individual choice bears no significant burden of the neighborhood; however, at a grand scale, similar preferences that are shared across large groups of people tend to be the outlying cause for the large patterns of segregation between non-Hispanic white people and other minority races.