Racism Against The Irish Racism

In America, a culture of sustained racism and sexism influences foreign policymakers, which results in colonialism and imperialism, the desecration of nations, and militancy. The authors of the articles, Michael L. Krenn and Laura McEnaney, with differing skill sets, provide evidence of racial and gendered bias in foreign policy. In “The Adaptable Power of Racism,” Krenn expertly examines the history of racism within foreign policy; how racism adapted in the face of religious and scientific challenges, and the overall effects of racist foreign policies.1 McEnaney, in “Gender Analysis and Foreign Relations,” provides a lackluster account of the application of gender analysis to foreign policy, specifically in relation to the policies of the Cold War and Spanish-American War.2 The history of racism and sexism in America provide a blueprint for foreign policymakers, where racist militancy and sexist excuses override basic human rights.

It is estimated that there are 140,0002 racist attacks in Britain every year purely due to the colour of someone's skin. Many of these attacks were not reported to the police. The reported racist attacks rose 107%3 in 2000. Beatings, firebombing, and excrement pushed through letterboxes, are just some of the actions that having a different colour of skin can lead to.

This issue of racism is popular by name but tends to be sugar coated by the way people see it. In order to truly understand racism you need to take a bite into the topic in order to get a taste of what it is really like. Racism comes in many different forms and can be seen many different ways. But why even care about racism at all? Why does it even matter? One would think that with such a harsh background regarding racism in America it would no longer exist in society today. But sadly that is not the case here, racism continues to show up all over the country sometimes being worse than others but still racism is racism. People should all be considered equal regardless of what they look like, talk like, or even do that makes them who they are.

However racism within the force goes back decades as before 1984 police were allowed to stop and search whoever they wanted therefore it became easier and more of a habit to target people who fit ‘criminal persona’. This laid back approach to stop and search caused problems because police became

History of Racism in Australia. A short of historical facts the exemplify the power of racist ideals in Australian the past

Firstly Policing, Philips and Bowling (2007) have noted that in the 1970’s there have been many accusations of oppressive policing if minority ethnic communities. These have included mass stop and search operations, police violence and failure to respond to racist violence.

Racism is a serious social menace not only in the US, but also the world over, including Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. The situation has escalated to a new high, especially in this twenty-first century where technological advancements have necessitated mass and quick sharing of information (Nairn et al. 188). Indeed, social media elements like Facebook, Snap Chat, Twitter, Instagram, and What Sapp has been core in enhancing globalization and its effects, some of which affect and influence racial discrimination both directly and indirectly. As opposed to the views that racism is real and has gained momentum globally, the work of media has on the other hand chosen to report the manifesting cases on the extreme degrees, so that it appears as though the world has come to a halt because of such discriminations. At a critical approach, scholars have noted that media is a channel that creates awareness about racism, and hence could easily escalate the situation if a critical balance on the news and reports aired to the public are not balanced between estimates and practical occurrences (Baker and Rowe 443). While discussing the subject of racism and racial discrimination, it is not only essential to outline how the situation is apparently but also imperative to confirm that race relations are depicted to be really bad in today’s times but the media tries to persuade people to believe an exaggerated side of the situation.

Burney and Rose’s (2002) research for the Home Office raised concerns surrounding what did or didn’t amount to racial motivation, particularly in cases when the racially aggravation was added to the substantive offence, rather than the cause. The research identified the vast majority of prosecutions rely upon proof that the offender demonstrated such hostility rather than proof that the offender was actually motivated by hostility to commit the offence (ibid).

For generation racism has been an issue; it is based in the belief that human beings are superior or inferior to others because of race and or skin tone they were born into. Historical atrocities such as slavery and genocides have occurred because of this belief. Slavery was a form of systemic racism caused by the belief that darker skinned people of a foreign country could be bought, sold, and forced to work without compensation. Discrimination based on race was a problem before the Americans, but it became more prominent and more systemic once it reached out here. Now laws were put in place to keep African slaves from 'getting out of line '. They

Racism plays a substantial part in our nations history; from slavery in the seventeenth century through the nineteenth century, to segregation in the early 1900s. The extreme racism of those days are long gone, and continue to just be a memory of the past. Although, prejudice still exists and it always will, because our brains are hardwired to prefer one race to another. That being said; a white person that grows up in an all white neighborhood who also attends an all-white school will very well prefer white people. Same goes for other races as well. But why do we think this way? How does our brain distinguish race and why do we prefer one group of people over another? I have gathered some evidence as to why we think this way and why our brains process racial differences the way they do.

Along with being called “ape-like” the English assigned the stereotype of “Black Irish” to them because they believed that just like the south had a black problem, the north now had an Irish one. Following these two stereotypes there was also the stereotype that Irish were inferior to the English due to a few reasons. One of these reasons was that they did not have the “Protestant work ethic” that the English loved to think that they had. Also they called them immoral and uneducated because most of the Irish immigrants were young, single, and had no education. In fact, most women that came over were unmarried and would live in the same place as single men, something that was never done in the American lifestyle and this added to the Inferior stereotype. The last stereotype the English assigned to the Irish were that they were a bunch of drunks. It is true that pub culture was a big part of the Irish lifestyle, but the English took it and blew it out of proportion. It was concluded that if you were Irish then you were automatically a drunk. As if these four stereotypes were not enough the English also discriminated against the Irish in a few

Previous research on natives’ attitudes towards immigrants and ethnic minorities in the UK has focused primarily on feelings of threat or prejudice and the structure of the population at the local level in terms of ethnicity (Dustmann and Preston, 2001; Bowyer, 2009). In the UK, the trade expansion after the Second World War and its successive need for low-skilled labour contributed to a large inflow of immigration, mostly from Asia and the Caribbean, into an otherwise ethnically similar country (Dustmann and Frattini, 2013).

Throughout my research into the subject of the Irish in England's industrial north during the early nineteenth century, one fact became quite clear; contemporary writers' treatment of the Irish was both minimal and negative. I consulted many sources, Friedrich Engels, Leon Faucher, James Kay-Shuttleworth to name but a few and the reoccurring theme as pertaining to the Irish in all these works was mainly consistent; the Irish were a lazy, vulgar people prone to drinking and brawling.

Discrimination can take many forms and impact a people in different ways, however with the Irish much of this discrimination was institutionalized and impacted levels of society in areas like

To understand whether or not racism is learnt, we first have to divulge into the nature of racism. It is usually assumed that racism has been a part of civilisation since civilisation started, that it is embedded into how people work and that no matter what, it will always exist. Another assumption is that racism derives from the capitalism of the slave trade by white elitist men seeking to dehumanize people for economic gain, and used racism as a way to mask their financial motives to justify enslavement as righteous. After anti-slavery movements began to happen, the capitalist motives behind slavery “took on a new form as the justification of the ideology of imperialism” [4].