Racism And White Privilege Is Considered A Primary Category Of Racism

Privilege is defined as “a special advantage or authority possessed by a particular person or group” in the Cambridge Dictionary. Globally, white individuals are often granted privileges than minority groups do not receive. While white privilege often goes unnoticed by white individuals, it causes many disadvantages for people of color and effects how they see themselves. Furthermore, Affirmative Action attempts to equal the playing field for minorities but is faced with contention by many white people.

The determinants have a positive or negative effect on the health of individuals and communities (Dudgeon, 2014). Aboriginal health recognizes that social inequalities are associated with health inequality. For example, lack of education, homelessness and low income are clearly associated with ill health and affect human development. This can contribute to chronic stress which impacts on the body's immune system, circulatory system, and metabolic functions resulting in mental health problems (Baum,

The majority of health issues that the Aboriginal community faces are related directly and indirectly to social, economic, cultural and political areas. Infrastructure, housing, employment, income, environmental and education are connected to the individual and community based effects of health.

At its core, white privilege is described to be an “invisible package of unearned assets” (McIntosh, 2002, p. 33) for white people. There are many layers explaining the manifestation of white privilege and even more explanations pertaining to its dominant presence in today’s world.

White privilege embraces the behaviours, values, beliefs and practices of the dominant white culture (Puzan, 2003). There are often unnoticed advantages

Peggy McIntosh, a well known anti-racism, defined white privilege, which all caucasians can use, as “an invisible package of unearned assets which I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I am meant to remain oblivious” (McIntosh, 1988, p.1). White privilege serves several functions. First, it provides white people with “perks” that they do not earn and that people of color (POC) do not enjoy. Second, it creates real advantages for whites. White people are immune to a lot of challenges. Finally, white privilege shapes the world in which we live — the way that we navigate and interact with one another and with the world.

White privilege is defined, according to Emba, as the “the social advantage that comes from being seen as the norm in the United States, automatically conferred irrespective of wealth, gender or other factors.” Because it is an inherited membership, most of the people in this group do not understand the

White privilege is the term used to define the advantage that white individuals possess in society that is both unacknowledged and unearned, but often practiced. Society has been organized overtime in a way that reinforces the racial perspectives and interests of society through stereotypes and social filters. This causes white individuals to go along with a system that rather works in their favor. Unit 4 focuses primarily on the idea of white privilege and those who obtain the benefits of this privilege are, in essence, blinded to the problems it causes, particularly the problems faced by racial minorities. The systemic power of white people allows them to live in a society that insulates and reinforces that power and are in constant fear

Racism is a belief that one race is superior to the other or the practice of treating a person or group of people differently on the basis of their race. Racism has been an integrated part of ancient world and is still vastly present in modern society. The ideas of racism are embedded into society, without fault it is part of our national character. Country’s deny their racism; however, views of racism are ingrained into every society.

Privilege refers to the unearned advantages enjoyed by a particular group simply because of membership in that group. Privileges accrue to those who (consciously or not) oppress others and are generally invisible to those who enjoy them (Swigonski, M.E. 1996). Having that in mind my position on white privilege (or white skin privilege) which can also be called the huge “pink elephant” in the room. Society (especially now) believe that America have advanced past racism when in all actuality we still have a long way to go. People in our society can go through life without knowing about white privilege or realizing they themselves, may have this privilege. The white or lighter skin color of a person has automatic benefits, right from birth, them not ever having to do anything to attain this privilege. The consequences are mostly good and outweigh the bad, for the ones that have white privilege. However, skin that is not white has far more injustices, they are oppressed and they are the ones that suffer, not having this same privilege (King, M.T. 2009). I do believe the only difference between racism and 2016 as compared to 1960 is the law civil laws enacted caused white Americans to construct more subtle ways of displaying racist behaviours. In doing this assignment not only did I read what the author stated about white

In 2007, 67% of aboriginals aged 20-24 living on reserves had not completed high school, compared to 13% of aged equivalent non-aboriginals, and 40% of aboriginals nationwide (CCL, 2007). These statistics would have a huge impact on further education, training, and employment for the aboriginal populations in Canada. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds acquire a lower level of education, generate less income, and generally end up living in poverty themselves (Richards, 2006). Education is critical for the well-being of a community in order to decrease the rates of unemployment, and break the poverty cycle (CCL,

Discrimination towards minority groups based on race, gender, and sexual orientation has existed in our society for decades. Till this day these stereotypes and prejudice towards an individual’s race, sexuality, ethnicity, and background still exist. There are particular barriers such as activities and interactions with people occurring daily, as well as plenty of disadvantages for those from different cultural backgrounds other than white. The term racism comes to mind when an individual draws negative thoughts about others due to their biological characteristics. Peggy McIntosh lists a number of conditions in her essay, White privilege, pointing out how her group in other words the advantage of being white protects her from racial harassment, hostility, and violence, giving her a comfortable feeling, more confidence, and respect than those people of color; who feel unconfident and uncomfortable. In addition, some people are well aware of the meaning of privilege, but certainly not aware of why they treat people differently, or choose to ignore it. Those privileges are quite difficult to eliminate completely since some individuals are raised receiving privilege.

Racism is an attitude or belief that favors one racial group over the other one. This is done on purpose or accidental. There are three types of racism discuss in this chapter. First, the ideological racism is a biological discrimination to another race believing that someone race is superior than all other. For example, the Nazi party believed and graded humans as Aryan to non Aryan. The Nazys were on top of this piramid and the Jews were at the bottom, which the Nazis considered them inhuman and unworthy of life. Secondly, the symbolic racism is the resistance to a social policy that makes possible the opportunity to have equality between races. This is more subtle and indirect form of racism. For example, this belief influence the personal

Racism is the belief that characteristics and abilities can be attributed to people simply on the basis of their race and that some racial groups are superior to others. People judge others based on what they wear, what race they are , where they come from and so on. According to the article on Global Issues, “people use racism and discrimination as a weapon because of hatred, conflict, war, and even during

Given the case example, a 35-year old Indigenous man came into the Housing Help Centre, due to the fact that he is at risk of being homeless because his landlord is evicting him supposedly to allow the landlord’s son to move in. While the real reason the landlord is evicting the man is to renovate the building so he can increase the rent. The types of systematic oppression he would experience with his landlord would be based highly on racism and racist perceptions due to the historical injustices, and negative stereotypes regarding Indigenous persons. Since these perceptions are internalized within the government, policies, media, and education, has engrained negative attitudes; in which lead Indigenous persons to become more susceptible to