Radiatio Radiation Essay

Introduction: Certain cells when placed in certain environments or treatments the cell can take on genetic information passed on through phages or plasmids. (Weedman 2015) E. coli, or Escherichia coli, is a bacteria that resides in the colons of humans. (WebMD 2009) E. coli colonies usually perish in the presence of ampicillin a type of antibiotic designed to kill bacteria like E. coli. Heat shock is a process that places a cell in cold temperatures and then quickly moving the cell to a hot bath. (Weedman 2015) This treatment causes the cell membrane to weaken and become more permeable and can thereby

A) Heat is an effective means of sterilization because it destroys the proteins of microbial

Bacteria are small, unicellular prokaryotic microbes. They have many morphologies, which include rod-shaped, spherical, spirals, helices, stars, cubes, and clubs. Classification of bacteria begins with either aerobic (requiring diatomic oxygen for growth) or anaerobic (not requiring O2 for growth). Bacteria can simply be narrowed down to gram positive (organism that stains purple or blue by Gram stain) or gram negative (organism that stains red or pink by Gram stain). Many physical and nutritional factors influence bacterial growth. Physical factors include temperature (psychrophiles, thermophiles, and mesophiles), pH (neutrophiles, acidophiles, and alkalinophiles), O2 concentration (aerobic

Introduction The main purpose for completing the experiment is to understand bacterial growth. In order for bacteria to grow effectively, two important factors are required, physical and nutritional. Physical factors include temperature, pH, osmotic pressure and gaseous requirements1. Bacterial growth is temperature sensitive.

The effects of EMR upon biological systems depend both upon the radiation's power and its frequency. For EMR of visible frequencies or lower the damage done to cells and other materials is determined mainly by power and caused primarily by heating effects from the combined energy transfer of many photons. By contrast, for ultraviolet and higher frequencies chemical materials and living cells can be further damaged beyond that done by simple heating, since individual photons of such high frequency have enough energy to cause direct molecular

Another type of extremophile is radio-resistant organisms. Radiation from the rays of the sun such as ultraviolet rays or any other source can damage cells in living organisms causing the premature death of cells as well as damaging the DNA within cells that can cause mutations of skin cells. This leads to cancers and other disorders relating to the improper coding of proteins as a result of damaged DNA. According to Gabani et al. (2013) organisms such as the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans have adapted to withstand the harmful effects of radiation up to above the lethal dose of radiation. Other organisms that have been known to withstand the negative effects of a decaying radioactive isotope are

UV radiation, such as that from the sun can be very harmful. It has been shown to cause many different mutations within cells, leading to issues for the organism such as death or disease. One of the most prevalent sources of UV radiation for humans is the sun. It’s very important for us to know the extent of cellular damage that can be caused by this radiation, as to know how harmful the sun’s rays are to us as humans. One way that the damage caused by the suns radiation can be tested is through the model organism yeast. For this lab, we exposed two different strains of yeast to UV radiation to test its affects. One strain was able to self-repair, while one was genetically altered so that it could not. Observations were recorded at

Being able to control bacterial growth is something that is important in our everyday lives. As shown in the previous labs, bacteria can grow and create colonies extremely quickly especially in the right environments. By acknowledging this, it is then important to get an understanding of how bacterial growth can be controlled by humans. To control microorganisms it means to inhibit their growth (static) and or kill them (cidal) (Kenneth Todar, 2015); therefore since focusing on bacteria the terms bactericidal and bacteriostatic are both extremely important for this lab. One broad method we will use to control bacterial growth is heat. The amount of heat needed to control bacterial growth is different for different species of bacteria (Kenneth Todar, 2015). Bacteria can also respond differently depending if moist heating method such as an autoclave with steam is used, or a dry heating method such as inoculating a loop over a fire is used (Kenneth Todar, 2015). UV works by damaging the cells DNA, without proper DNA, the cells will die and the object

Effect of Heat on E. coli and B. subtilis Introduction The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect heat has on organisms such as E. coli and B. subtilis. This is the difference of heat on gram positive and gram negative. The heat resistance of a bacteria will be affected if they are able to form spores. The purpose of this experiment is to be able to calculate the thermal death time and decimal reduction times for each organism.

Ionizing radiation is a form of radiation that can alter the structure of DNA molecules in living cells. It is a kind of energy produced by atoms that travels in form of electromagnetic waves. Sources of this form of energy are x-ray

Radiation executives would eventually leverage their political savvy and astute management skills to commandeer the recently combined organization. Less than a decade after the merger, the Ohio-based headquarters of Harris relocated to Florida and elected the former president of Radiation as chief executive officer and chairman of Harris. Several years later, the last remnants of the original acquiring company sold off entirely and subsequently formed into another company known as Harris Graphics. However, the Harris name would endure as an ironic legacy. Still later, another former vice president of Radiation would succeed in those footsteps.

The author utilizes nonculturable cells of V. vulnificus to distinguish a strategy for reviving and recuperating life forms in this state, without the expansion of supplements and nutrients. The studies depend solely on the suppositions that the bacterium reacts to a temperature downshift by entering a plausible yet nonculturable state. Vice versa, it also depicts an upscale shit in temperature will lead to a lack of change amongst the cell. These metabolic pathways were analyzed by the utilization of inhibitors of protein and peptidoglycan amalgamation. Under these conditions the graph show different results in correspondence to temperature change. The writer’s studies also show that there was a correspondence of large increase in direct viable cell counts over a period of time.

High doses of radiation kill cancer cells and stop them from spreading, while at low doses radiation is used to see insides of the human body, such as x-rays (WebMD).

A sterile pipette was used to add 0.1ml of E. coli culture to the pH 3.0 tube. This was then repeated for the tubes at pH 7.0 and pH 9.The tubes were then incubated at 37oC for 48 hours. This was then repeated for saline culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae but incubated for 72 hours at 25oC.

the rapid diversification of one founding species into a multitude of new forms to occupy multiple niches present within an environment.