Radiation Fog In California

During June and July aerosol loading was comparatively higher at around 2-6 km height compared to the rest of the months. This possibly explains the high values of COF (figure 15 (b)) at higher altitudes in these two months due to convection processes that might have contributed to the formation of CCN (Jiang et al., 2007; Jiang et al., 2011). Excess rainfall events during 2013 ISMR, had resulted in heavy wash out of aerosols in the entire season which can be observed from low AOF values. The month of June witnessed an early onset of monsoon because of which there were more washouts of aerosols and September being the offset phase of the monsoon, witnessed high aerosol loading. July and August witnessed low AOF values, except that August had higher value of nearly 30% than that of June which had nearly 10-25% at 0.5-2 km altitude range The aerosol loading during June, July and August above the lower troposphere up to 4-6 km altitude might have contributed to cloud formation at higher altitudes which can be seen in the COF values of nearly 10-20%, 15-20% and 10-30% respectively at 12-17 km height range.

Bakersfield California is a fun place for people to go on vacation. There is Beach Park, located near the city that has playing fields, bike paths, skate parks, and barbeque pits. There are lakes to go water skiing and boating, also Kern River County Park that has 50 campsites for a family to bring their children to enjoy a nice outdoor vacation. Restaurants, that force you to try new things and have the experience of eating in an older restaurant building. However, what most people don’t know is that Bakersfield, California is the most polluted places in the United States. In this paper, I will go over the pollution problems, geographic factors, climate conditions, and social activities that contribute to the buildup of air pollution in Bakersfield, California.

In the 1940's California was supporting a population of seven million people and contained 2.8 million registered vehicles. Within the next twenty years the population more than doubled to reach 16 million while the number of registered vehicles all but tripled increasing to eight million. This has been a common trend in California's documented history from the early twentieth century to today. There have been many historical and environmental factors that have assisted in contributing to increases such as these in California. One such factor was World War II, from the late 1930's to 1945, which triggered a boom in the population of California and the beginning of the urban sprawl. Increases in

A major problem in Southern California is that Los Angeles experiences very little rain all year, followed by intense downpours that last less than one day (53). Its unreliable rainfall severely hurts the region. In Northern California, mountains such as the Sierra Nevada allow for a huge range in rainfall over a short distance. “…a place on the western slope of the range may receive eighty or so inches of precipitation in a year, while a place on the east slope, fifty miles away, may receive ten inches or less” (58).

3. Windward side: humid air moves up the mountain’s slopes and cools to form clouds that produce precipitation; leeward side: the air is warm and very dry.

The dry and warmer weather have been the cause of large forest fires across Canada’s Northwest Territories (David Suzuki foundation, n.d.) Northern parts are warming twice as much as those closer to the equator and therefore creating more widespread forest fires (Environment Canada, n.d.). The green house gases also play an important role in absorbing the heat from the earths surface, this being critical in maintaining the surface temperatures warmer then what the earth would normally be (David Suzuki foundation, n.d.). In addition to the warming temperature the natural green house gases also contribute to the water vapour, which is crucial in maintaining the cycling of

In the Mojave Desert, the bad air quality is caused mainly by the wildfires, exhaust from vehicles, and power plants in the surrounding areas. The desert’s ecosystem is impacted by elements

California is currently battling a massive water shortage that is crippling the state. The lack of a rainy season for the last four years is really putting a strain on the local farmers, citizens, and communities. California typically has a Mediterranean type climate where it has a concentrated rainy season for six months and then plunges into high temperatures of dry heat. This has not been the typical pattern the last few years. California has received very little rain and is now searching for ways to conserve and produce water. Scientists believe that there is “blocking ridge” that is caused by high atmospheric pressure that causes disruption of typical wind patterns that blow storms to the California coast. The ridge extends from the subtropical Pacific between California and Hawaii to the coast of Arctic Ocean north of Alaska. California is now looking for ways to conserve water by focusing on water conservation and relandscaping public areas with drought resistant and native plants.

Earth’s atmosphere is surrounded by thin layers of gasses, 78% is made of nitrogen, 21% is made up of oxygen, 0.4% orgon, and 0.03% is made up of carbon dioxide. Wildfires, Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Landslides and Coastal Changes are natural hazards in different California regions. California is interconnected water systems serves over 30 million people irrigates over 5,680,000 acres of farmland.

The article discusses the conditions in San Joaquin Valley after the state’s largest fire left it covered in dust. On the one hand, the fire so far has spared lives and homes, but on the other hand, it has caused dangerous drops in air quality that can cause public health problems and threaten life. It discusses what many of the conditions are like since the drought has begun and how the longer wildfire season means more smoke in the air more often. Dr. Jain, an associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco said that, “It’s kind of a worst nightmare situation.” I agree because the amount of soot in the air is dangerous for all forms of life and can cause a number of respiratory health problems that can be fatal. Dr. Malik

The water and hydrocarbons exuded by the leaves produce the filmy “smoke” that gives the mountains their name. Air pollution in recent years has added microscopic sulfate particles to the haze, cutting visibility back about 60 percent since the 1950s. The pollution has also affected the park's red spruce stand—the southern Appalachians' largest. And insects are destroying the Fraser fir, the spruce's high-altitude companion.

1) From graph one, it shows Point Barrow, Alaska has a decrease of CO2(g) in their atmosphere from May to August and has an increase of CO2(g) from August to December. The reason this happens is that of how fossil fuel burning is emitting more CO2(g) into the atmosphere raising the amount. Then when it drops its summer by then showing that the absorption of vegetation filter the air of CO2(g) decreasing the amount in the air during summer and when winter comes to those plants and the air isn't filtered as much increasing the amount CO2(g) in the air. Then in Mauna Loa, there aren't a lot of industrial companies building factories meaning extra Co2(g) being emitted in the air won't be a problem.

The fog represents an escape from reality where one cannot see reality and one becomes less aware of the real world. As Bromden begins to realize the hospital is treating its patients in an abnormal manner and his awareness grows, he requires this fog to hide himself from this appalling truth. However, fog is not literal; Bromden is schizophrenic and hallucinates the fog to slip from reality, considering it as a safe space and it says, “See the first wisps of it come seeping out from under McMurphy’s bed. I hope he knows enough to hide in the fog,” (Page 89). This fog also portrays the mindset that is being imposed on the patients by Nurse Ratched from the shameful treatments and deranged routines, to ensure that they refrain from rebelling

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s): CFC’s are lowering the average concentration of ozone in the stratosphere. “Since 1978 the use of CFC’s in aerosol cans has been banned in the United States, Canada and most Scandinavian countries. Aerosols are still used around the world and accounts for 25% of global CFC’s use”. (Miller 448). Spray cans discarded or leaking refrigerator and air conditioning equipment and the burning plastic foam products release the CFC’s into the atmosphere. Depending on the type, CFC’s stay in the atmosphere from 22 to 111 years.” Chlorofluorocarbons move up to the stratosphere gradually over several decades. Under high energy ultra violet (UV) radiation break them down and release chlorine atoms, which speed up the breakdown of ozone (O3) into oxygen (O2). Chlorofluorocarbons, also known as Freons, are green house gas that contributes to global warming. Photochemical air pollution is commonly referred to as “smog”. Smog is the contraction of the words smoke and fog, smog has been caused by water condensing on smoke particles, usually from burning coal. With the introduction of petroleum to replace coal economies in countries, photochemical smog has become predominant in many cities, which are located in sunny warm and dry climates with many motor vehicles. The worst episodes of

17) In calm winter conditions in NW Europe dense fog is cleared most effectively by"/>