Radiation Research Paper

A scientist would need a glass tube with positive and negative electrodes. The tubes were called cathode tubes, and they were common in the late 1890s. The air leaves the glass tube, and a florescent glow is produced when a high voltage runs through the tube. The scientist needs to cover the glowing tube with a heavy, black paper or cardboard. Then the scientist will see the green colored fluorescent light illuminating from the box. This is known as the X-Rays which energizes the phosphorescent materials in the room. The newly discovered ray would pass through objects, and it can cast a shadow of most solid objects. The ray consists of electron passing through the matter underneath the cathode tube. It can pass through human tissues, but it cannot pass through bones and metal

Roentgen performed many tests, including his colleagues’ discoveries, which involved painting the plates with a barium compound. When the plates were held in front of an object, Roentgen was able to see through whatever he was holding up. Inevitably, he was astonished by this discovery and immediately suspected that he had gone mad. As readers now, one finds his reaction to the first traces of x-ray quite humorous. In fact, this tale is certainly one where the ending is not detrimental, and in contrary the happy opposite.

In May of 1896, we were finally able to use it for the medical purpose of locating bullets in the arm of a soldier. From there on it has progressed to the ability to even seeing the air in our lungs or gases in our stomach. After a short time, we were also able to find ways to fight cancer with radiation therapy, as well as discovering it in our bodies. The X-ray has also helped us to help identify items from the past such as discovering the genetic make up of a dinosaur.

The early studies in nuclear medicine provided a new outlook to scientists on ways for treating fatal illnesses such as cancer. Physicist Wilhelm Roentgen acknowledged, during his experiments, that he had stumbled upon the discovery, which would influence medical practices that benefited society. Roentgen’s experiments at the end of the nineteenth century laid the foundations for nuclear medicine. In 1895 while working with electricity and the effects it had on certain gasses in cathode tubes, Roentgen began to notice several anomalies. Roentgen decided to use a piece of cardboard covered with barium platinocyanide and a photographic screen to illuminate his newly found rays. Perplexed by his discovery, the physicist used the screen to conclude that the rays would pass through many objects. His development influenced the study of nuclear science in many ways; now known as the X-Ray. The X-Ray offered new techniques for observing broken bones and other medical phenomena in the early twentieth century.

Roentgen was another scientist that had more interest in the outdoors than the classroom. He moved from one learning institute to another before becoming a student as a mechanical engineer in 1868 and his doctor of philosophy degree a year later. With these qualifications he became a professor of physics assistant and eventually became rector of the University of Wuerzburg. The following year Rontgen made his momentous discovery of x-rays, which brought him international fame. On November 8,1895, Rontgen first suspected the existence of a new phenomenon when he observed that crystals of barium platinocyanide fluorescence at some distance from crookes tube with which he was experimenting. As a preliminary to viewing the cathode rays on a fluorescent screen, Rontgen completely covered his discharge tube with a black card, and then noticed that a screen lying on a bench some distance away was glowing brightly. Rontgen found that x-rays are emitted by the part of the glass wall of the tube that is opposite the cathode and that receives the beam of cathode rays. He spent six weeks repeating and extending his observations on the properties of the new rays. He found that they travel in straight lines, cannot be refracted or reflected, and can travel about two meters in air. He soon discovers the penetrating properties of the rays, and was able

Using X-rays for medical imaging is one of the most useful pieces of medical technology available when trying to determine and locate, the type and severity of a particular injury. X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation similar to visible light. However, unlike visible light x-rays can pass through most objects, including the body (NIBIB, n.d). The radiation hits a detector on the other side of the patient and the image produced is a shadowed representation of the tissues and structures in the body (NIBIB, n.d). However, due to the type of radiation being superimposed over the body it is worrying knowing that this form of radiation can, in some cases, cause some very life threatening mutations. The term used to describe the effective

On November 8, 1895, a German physics professor named Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays. This advance in technology helped man explore the unknown of the human body without performing surgery. Only the microscope could compete with x-rays in the “contribution to medical vision” (Gunderman 2). After the discovery of x-rays, researchers found that there were therapeutic and also cancerous results from radiation emissions. Before this discovery became public, the Radium Watch Company began coating their watch dials with radium in order for them to glow, to allow owners of these watches see the time, even at night. However, the women workers, as watch dial painters, at the company would wet there brushes with their mouths to create a finer point. After months of this practice, many of the women received cancerous tumors and necrosis of the jaw. As a result, most were buried in lead-lined coffins because of the high emissions of radiation from their bodies. Lead is now used to shield radiation from patients that are not receiving a full body scan. An x-ray is made from a beam of high energy photons passing through the body which are either diminished or blocked entirely when they hit subatomic particles, like bone or metal. The denser and thicker the substance the brighter the image on the radiograph. Both radiological scans, x-rays and CT scans both use ionizing radiation to capture the images of the human body.

The most common use of x-rays is to find broken bones, teeth problems, and other bone-related issues. Other uses include diagnosing pneumonia and various lung conditions

One of the first radiology departments was created at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in 1896. Dr. John Macintyre, head of radiology at Glasgow, created the first x-ray of a kidney stone, an image showing a penny in the throat of a child, as well as an image of a frog’s legs in motion. An American physiologist experimented with x-rays in order to trace food as it traveled through the digestive system (Waters, 2011). In 1896, Dr. Hall-Edwards became one of the first physicians to use x-rays to diagnose a patient, when an x-ray revealed that a needle was embedded in the patient’s hand. X-rays quickly became a vital tool used by doctors, to diagnose patients (Roentgen’s discovery of the X-Rays, 2006). In 1897, x-rays were first used to locate bullets

X-rays are used for medical purposes. They are a form of radiation named electromagnetic waves (EM Radiation). They are used to take pictures of the insides of the human body which come out in black and white. The X-ray was first developed in 1895 by a man named Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. While He was working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory, Roentgen observed a fluorescent glow of crystals on a nearby table close to his tubes. The tube that he was working with consisted of a bulb with positive and negative electrodes enclosed within it, when the air inside of the tube left and when a high voltage was applied to it , the tube produced a fluorescent glow. Roentgen then shielded the tube with heavy

The ionising effect of X-rays allows them to damage the DNA in cells and divide cells in the body. This property is used it the cancer treatment.

A gamma ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation that consists of high-energy protons due to its extremely high frequency wavelengths. Gamma rays ionizing radiation, meaning that they are hazardous because they carry enough energy to free electrons from atoms and molecules, this, in turn, gives them higher penetrating power than any other form of radiation. Another type of electromagnetic radiation is X-radiation, which shares the name of its components, X-rays, with the well-known medical imaging method. While these two are scientifically classified as separate forms of radiation, they are extremely similar to the point where there is only two known ways to determine if the radiation being emitted is one or the other, and both of these methods have cases where there are exceptions. The first method is to compare where the radiation is originating from, with regular gamma rays coming from the nucleus of an atom and X-rays being emitted by electrons. This method has two primary issues, being that 1- the precise point of origin cannot always be pinpointed and 2- that there are actually a number of much less common processes that can produce the same high-energy photons. The second method is to determine the variant of rays by the wavelength of the radiation, with any wavelength shorter than some

During the early nineteenth century, French physicist Henri Becquerel observed radioactivity by recording how uranium emits radiation that is strong enough to blacken covered photographic plates. Scientists used to believe that uranium emitted “rays”, after they headed about Becquerel’s work. Later on, after Curie’s research, they came to know that those “rays” were actually very small particles. Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays, which led Marie Curie to use x-ray treatment during World War I to heal thousands of wounded soldiers and educate thousands of women about this technique. Without Roentgen’s early discoveries, Marie Curie would not have been able to

He observed that when he switched the high voltage supply on, the screen started to emit a faint green glow. He repeated the experiment several times to be sure that it was the “invisible” light from the Crookes tube that was responsible for the green glow on the screen. Consequently, he started setting-up obstacles between the Crookes tube and the screen to study which materials blocked these new rays. One day he accidentally stuck his hand between the tube and the screen and saw an eerie outline of his bones: the first radiograph as recorded in history. Astonished by his own findings, he spent the next 6 weeks studying the properties of the now-called X-Rays. He analyzed his results and published his paper “On A New Kind Of Rays” in December 1895, which marked the beginning of a scientific revolution. After the discovery of the electrons in 1897, scientists finally developed a theory about the production of X-Rays. When high voltage was applied across the anode and cathode of the Crookes tube, electrons from cathode got attracted by the anode. While travelling through the vacuum these

appearance on X-ray sheets is related to the increased or decreased levels of radio density..