Radio Communications For Public Safety

The protocols in my design that will allow the communication of all devices for Patton-Fuller to transmit quickly and without restriction performs on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) standard, which will divide all of Patton-Fuller’s network traffic into layers. This layer system will consist of the following:

Module 1 establishes the framework of networking standards and protocols for the rest of the class. The module introduces data communications and defines their components and the types of data exchanged. You will learn how different types of data are represented and how data is flowed through the network.

As we all know, the growth of computer networks continues to rapidly grow. The digital revolution has changed the way we work and communicate almost beyond recognition. Provided that, foreseeing the changes and potential compatibility problems, in the mid nineteen eighties, the international standard organization (ISO) developed a networking reference model to standardize how network systems communicate with each other. It is a logical model for how network systems are supposed to communicate with each other. It breaks down the different components of the network communication and puts them into layers which reduce complexity. This reference model consists of seven layers: Application Layer, Presentation Layer, Session Layer, Transport Layer, Network Layer, Data Link Layer, and the Physical Layer. Each layer provides a service to the layer above it in the protocol specification and then communicates with the same layer’s software or hardware on other computers. It's important to realize, that these layers are separated into 2 sets: Transportation Set (Laters 1- 4) and Application Set (Layers 5 – 7). More importantly, the OSI model is 7 logical

With this in place Kudler will keep using the ANSI standards when designing and developing the new systems. Along with these standards the system will need to work on a common communication protocol in order for all devices to be able to talk to each other as well as transfer data and other information correctly and efficiently.

A communications protocol characterizes the guidelines for sending pieces of information starting with one hub in a system then onto the next hub. Conventions are regularly characterized in a layered way and give all or part of the administrations indicated by a layer of the OSI reference show. A convention characterizes the operation of the convention and may likewise propose how the convention ought to be actualized. It comprises of three sections:

The AXI protocol provides a high frequency operation to the devices without using complex bridges in the circuits. It meets the requirements of interfaces with wide range of components. The important features in AXI protocol are – It has separate address, control and data lines. The data which are not aligned in a proper way, the AXI supports to transfer them by using byte strobes. It consists of separate read/write channels to enable Direct Memory access (DMA). So that designer can communicate with DMA and internal memories

Standards are put in place to make everything work together error free. Because Stability, Consistency, Minimization of packet errors.

Crisis information during Hurricane Katrina was immediately available through mass media; television, radio, the emergency broadcast system, and social media. During emergencies, the importance of our country’s communications systems becomes clear. These

The FCC has been monitoring large radio stations throughout the country for a long time now. This organization is a seven part group which is all run by Frank R. McNinch, who used to be the chief of the Federal Power Commission (Rockwell 217). This organization is primarily a licensing and monitoring assembly, which has technical regulatory powers. The licenses they give out are only valid for a period of time, and then must be renewed. These licenses decide the power and coverage the station has to broadcast on (Rockwell 218). These guidelines are very strictly enforced by the FCC because of how the public has reacted to some of the situations that have occurred. The FCC has also created criteria which has a “public mandate” that they are instituting into

The incident I am going to be talking about in this paper is the 9/11 incident and the communication challenges law enforcement agencies dealt with. We all know what happen on September 11, when a terrorist group al-Qaeda hijacked planes and crashed them into the world trade center. When the buildings were collapsing helicopters was flying around and giving warnings to the police and fire department on one of the building they were in was about to collapse. Most of the police officers in the North Tower heard those warnings and were able to evacuate (Sasso, 2015). But that information never reached firefighters, for a simple reason: Radio systems for the Fire Department, the Police Department, and the Port Authority Police were all incompatible with each other (Sasso, 2015). The reason why firefighters and the police department could hear or talk to each other was the technical problems with the radios did not go a long range. “As soon as they went five or ten floors up in the buildings, they couldn’t talk to each other,” recalls Chuck Dowd, who was the head of New York’s 911call center (Sasso, 2015). The communication was so bad that one of the firefighters had to call 911 instead of using his radio to call them to help another firefighter that was hurt due to know one can hear on the radio.

Chapter 401 is broken down into three parts the emergency telecommunication systems, emergency medical services grants, and medical transportation services. The emergency telecommunication systems are intended to provide a system of regional emergency telecommunication that can effectively use radio channels to provide emergency medical service to the population. These telecommunications include voice, data, signaling transmissions, and receptions between the emergency service components. The emergency medical telecommunications system is coordinated and developed by the Department of Management Services. The second part is the emergency medical services grants. Intentions of this legislation are to provide all citizens with adequate emergency

The Federal Communications Committee (FCC) is the mastermind behind broadcast regulations. With television and radio becoming common assets in daily lives, the FCC rushed to gain authority over the public airways. The government and FCC believed that it was in their responsibility to make sure public communications were used in the public’s best interest, and that the communications were not used to harm the defenseless public. The quick expansion of communications led to the FCC’s rush to set the limits for what could and couldn’t be broadcasted.

The material presented here is based on my understanding and personal interpretation of the several standards and code. It should not be used as a substitute for the official publication's content that supersedes any information presented here. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the information offered, the reader is reminded that the various standards and the code sections undergo frequent periodic revision. Consequently, while the base content of these documents and this book are relatively enduring, refinements and additions are inevitable. Interested and dedicated readers are strongly encouraged to periodically review current versions of the official publications in order to stay fully and accurately

Wireless networking hardware requires the use of underlying technology that deals with radio frequencies as well as data transmission. The most widely used standard is 802.11 produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). This is a standard defining all aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking

Through the Federal Communications Commission, all stations are to be licensed and maintain a file that documents what the station has done to operate in the public interest. There are also radio regulations that help to make this possible. The Radio Regulations is an intergovernmental treaty. It conforms and coordinates the activity of the telecommunication networks. It keeps different frequences from different radio services from mixing together. Transmitters are to be observed by radio stations, and procedures are done to ensure technical compatibility. It basically helps to better the development of communications technology. These regulations are accomplished through the International Telecommunications Union (ITU).