RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Nor Faridah Omar
Abstract— RFID tagging is an ID system that uses low-frequency detection device for the purpose of identifying and tracing. It includes the tag, the device which reads and writes and host system for the application of data collection, processing and transmission which relies on storage and retrieve data remotely using a tag or transponder [1].
RFID tagging is used in supply chain management as an alternative to barcode technology. It ensures the efficiency and speed of the process [1]. Tags do not require line-of-sight to decipher purposes. It can be read through the plastic, human body and wood. RFID uses radio waves to communicate and should be in reader 's read range which varies according to the equipment [2]. RFID ensures that every item in the correct position without any errors.It makes supply chain system is very great also improve the overall reliability and efficiency of the supply chain. It provides updated information on the entire supply chain in real time. RFID can really give a lot of advantages in supply chain. Provide the real time and up to date information across the entire supply chain [3].
I. INTRODUCTION
There are many Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications as long as there is business. Beginning of the emergence of RFID began in 1940 's where the British Air Force to use RFID-like technology to identify between friend or enemy aircraft in World War II.
Passive RFID tag with low frequency range is used for this application, since it is economic. Here we need short ranged and economic tags for better results. LF range RFID is the ideal choice for this constraint.(Sariff, N., Buniyamin N.)
As RFID technology evolves and becomes less expensive, there will be an increase in the number of companies and vendors using the technology. Eventually, new applications will be developed and these systems may even be able to solve common or unique problems associated with business in today’s market.
RFID is not new innovation by any stretch of the imagination. It has been around for a considerable length of time. It was utilized at first for vicinity access control. From there on, it developed to be utilized as a part of inventory network following, toll boundary control, and notwithstanding ensuring cars(Potter, 2005).They are different5 types of tags are available.
The continued growth of RFID is directly proportional to its low-cost and easy application, and recent improvements in security and reliability have made it possible to use RFID in more ways than ever before: smart homes, healthcare management, food safety, and more.
First of all, what are RFID chips, and what are they capable of? In more detail RFID stands for Radio Frequency IDentification, a technology that uses tiny computer chips smaller than a grain of sand to track items at
In trucking, one of the first uses of RFID was the CRESCENT program. CRESCENT was created to allow trucks to bypass weigh stations, saving the trucking companies time and money. How it works is the vehicle would have a RFID tag placed on it, as it approached a weigh station, it would be weighed by a weigh-in-motion system. The information contained on the tag would be all the information the weigh station requires. Once the system reads the tag, the vehicle would receive a signal allowing it to bypass the station, If the vehicle met all the requirements. The CRESCENT program has been implemented in nearly all of the
Radio Frequency Identification is the use of radio frequency waves to remotely identify material. It is primarily used in supply chain management but can be used in other areas. Used as a tracking tool, RFID keeps track of material in the transportation pipeline enabling users to have real time tracking information throughout the entire shipping process. Inventory management is another important logistics element that is enhanced with the use of RFID. The goal of an inventory manager is to maintain a 100% inventory and RFID makes the process more efficient. RFID allows the user to perform inventories with ease and accuracy while reducing the number of people needed to perform the inventory. In addition to assisting with inventory RFID
RFID was invented in Soviet Union in 1945 by inventor Leon Theremin. The main use for RFID during 1945, was to track audio information and sounds to identify if aircrafts was friend or foes of the Soviets in World War II. Once the World War was over, similar technology started to be developed such as IFF transponder, Automatic Identification and Data capture (AIDC), and Passive Reader Active Tag and much more. In modern times, RFID is used in many ways, for example in keep track of good in stores, collecting toll payments without contact, and keep track of bagging at the airport. Have you ever bought an item inside a store and wondering what happens when the cashier scans the barcode? This is RFID’s Active Reader Active Tag at work, it’s a system that use tags to transmit signals and reply once the information is received from the item scanned. In addition, Passive Reader Active Tag (PRAT) is often used in stores as well by overnight stockers and inventory staff. PRAT allows the user to scan barcodes to keep track of inventory in store, as well as order inventory. RFID has increased in applications outside of retail store chains many common ones such as badges need to access building doors, lock on newer vehicles car doors and commutation devices.
Radio wave technology has been used since the Second World War but the first application of modern RFID technology came in 1983 when Charles A. Walton received the first patent for his ‘Portable radio frequency emitting identifier’ (US Patent Office, 1983). Since Walton’s patent, modern RFID technology has evolved at a startling rate with “approximately 1500 RFID patents issued between 1997 and 2010” (Mehrjerdi, 2010). The impact RFID has had on global commerce has been wide-spread. Many major industries have found ways to implement the technology into their business practices. Examples include but are not limited to: manufacturing, logistics and inventory control, national defense and commercial farming (FDA, 2015).
Would RFID work to track Products? Well, Bar Codes require a line of sight, so a person(s) with a bar code reader has to get right up on the bar code and scan it. When you are thinking about a supply chain, somebody in the warehouse would have to look at every single case. With RFID, all of the cases on the pallet would be picked up by a single swipe of a reader, even the ones
Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) is a chip that transmit data to receivers. RFID is use vastly in many areas of the health care operations. Each chips send a unique signal to where it could be located. RFID can be used for different reasons for instance; tracking pharmaceuticals inventory in a health care facility, collecting data to identify providers to ensure efficiency in care, tracking and monitoring infants while they are hospitalized and ensuring the right patient receive the proper medication and medical device. The benefits of RFID are to improve quality and decrease cost.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has a long-standing history despite its more recent application in society and infrastructure. The understanding of electromagnetic energy in the early 1800s followed by the discovery that light and radio waves are a form of electromagnetic energy by Michael Faraday in 1846 began the process to RFID technology. The advances led to German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz being the first to transmit and receive radio waves in 1887. (Landt, History of RFID, p. 7).
The purpose of an RFID system is to enable data to be transmitted by a portable device, called a tag, which is read by an RFID reader and processed according to the needs of a particular application. The data transmitted by the tag may provide identification or location information, or specifics about the product tagged, such as price, color, date of purchase, etc. The use of RFID in tracking and access applications first appeared during the 1980s. RFID quickly gained attention because of its ability to track moving objects. As the technology is refined, more pervasive - and invasive - uses for RFID tags are in the works.
RFID, or radio frequency identification, is the new system that is replacing the use of barcodes. RFID tags allow users to more quickly obtain information from the object that the RFID tag
RFID technology is not only used at gas stations, restaurants, and department but also at