Radioisotope studies are also called nuclear medicine. Radioisotope studies use radiation to provide diagnostic information about the functioning of a person's specific organs, or to treat them. Most nuclear medicine procedures are performed by injecting a radioisotope into a vein and based on the type of study, different radioisotopes can be used. After injected, the radioisotopes travel through the blood vessels and they become concentrated in the organ being tested. When concentration occurs, a scan of the organ follows. For example, a renal scan is one in which evaluated renal function. Radioisotope procedures are useful in evaluating function of certain organs. IVP procedures, or intravenous urograms, are radiological tests that uses a contrast to outline the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. They are useful to evaluate the …show more content…
The main difference between these two types of studies is that in radioisotope studies, radioisotopes are used, and in IVP procedures, a contrast is used. Also, IVP procedures use an x-ray to see from the outside in and radioisotope studies use radioisotope tracers that show the radioisotopes from the inside out. Radioisotope studies are considered safe because it does not carry the risk of toxicity or an allergic reaction found with intravenous dyes. Contrast agents can be dangerous because someone can have an allergic reaction to it and it can cause harm, but the risk has been lowered by using contrasts that are nonionic. An IVP procedure can be very time intensive and it also requires bowel preparation before the procedure. Also, in those with renal failure, an IVP procedure can aggravate the renal failure. Compared to an IVP procedure that uses x-rays, radioisotope studies have a lower amount of radiation exposure. Ultimately, both types of procedures use an outside substance to see inside of the body to determine structure and function of internal
In the Nuclear Medicine department, the two most common procedures performed are bone scans and VQ scans (ventilation/perfusion scan). During a Nuclear medicine procedure, the patient is either injected or inhales radioisotopes, which then causes the patient to become the source of radiation that is picked up by a gamma camera. A VQ scan is a two phase scan that requires the patient to be injected with a radioisotope and inhale a gas infused with radioisotopes. This scan is used to determine the blood and air flow of the lungs and detect possible pulmonary emboli. The radioisotopes used for this exam include radioactive Xenon gas and technetium. As for the bone scan the patient is
Radionuclide testing indicates how strongly the heart pumps and it shows the flow of blood in the heart. There is a small amount of
Issue: In medicine, radioisotopes are bonded with chemical compounds to form radioactive tracers, which are then injected into the patient’s bloodstream. The radiation emitted by the tracers allows doctors to obtain images of organ systems, facilitating the early and accurate diagnosis of disease. However, to avoid radio- active contamination, care must be taken in the storage, use, and disposal of this material.
Who would have thought we would be using nuclear substances for medical purposes? Well, we are many different ways. I am going to discuss a test called the Indium Scan; this test requires the use of nuclear substances being injected into the blood stream via an IV. The amount of Indium that is giving is based on the patient and what the doctor feels as appropriate.
The nuclear medicine technologist use radionuclides to diagnose and treat diseases. Radionuclides means unstable atoms that release radiation spontaneously and they are purified and compounded to form radiopharmaceuticals that prepare and administer by nuclear medicine technologist. These technologists are particularly specialized health care professional. The radioactive drugs appear higher or lower concentration in the abnormal area of the patient’s body than in the normal area.
Greed is a horrible trait to have, greed effect a person as a whole, a relationship, and how your outlook on life is. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Pardoners Tale, three friends get a chance to acquire so gold they were told is under a tree. This gold, they will soon find out, is costly to them.
Receptor entrance exposure measures the effective “speed” of the imaging system, that is, the amount of radiation used in image formation (Mahadevappa). When Physicians and or Physician Assistants uses the fluoroscopy machine, they may not be aware of how much radiation was use during the procedure, until the end of the surgical case. For example, I was attending a surgical procedure, specifically and ERCP. The Physician that was attending the case wanted to use the manual foot petal for the fluoroscopy machine. The Physician was able to control the amount of Fluoroscopy during the case. This made me uneasy since he was constantly using the petal every second of the procedure. I felt that he was not aware of how much radiation the patient was receiving. At the end of the procedure, the total fluoroscopy time for that patient was about 4 minutes and 20 seconds. The technologists I was with said that was unacceptable for an ERCP case. After all, they use an endoscope that helps them view inside the
Your health care provider will inject a small amount of radioactive tracer through the tube.
A computed tomography scan provides more detail images than a chest x-ray by creating cross sectional images, this images can help identify enlarge organs or lymph nodes in the neck, chest, abdomen and chest (American Cancer Society). During this test the patient is lays on a flat table that moves in and out of a donut shaped scanner that takes images in different angles. Sometimes contrast medium may be used to highlight abnormal areas in the body. If contrast medium is used, it is the nurse’s responsibility to establish a patent IV, check for iodine allergies, check for kidney function due to contrast nephrotoxicity, check for delay allergies after the procedure, and advise the patient to drink plenty of fluids to eliminate contrast (Leeuwen, Anne 2015). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is only used when spread to the spinal cord and brain are suspected (American Cancer Society). Positron emission tomography (PET) scan uses an IV contrast called fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), this contrast is a form of glucose, and because cancer cells reproduce quickly they need more glucose, which is why this contrast highlights the areas where abnormal cells are (Cancer Society). PET scans can be used to monitor how well patients are responding to treatment therapies, they can help identify areas of the body with lymphoma that may appear clear in other tests such as biopsies or CT scans allowing patients to
GSR part 3 addresses the issue of handling the deceased patient having radionuclide’s in the body. In ICRP 103, defines the cremation requirements for such persons such as cremation can allow for 12 months for I-125 and 3 months for Pd-103. However, such cases are rare and social and cultural factors need to consider in preparing requirements.
Nuclear medicine is traced back to all sorts of sciences like physics, engineering, and chemistry. It is said that John Lawrence is the father of nuclear imaging because he was the first person ever to treat a leukemia patient with a radioisotope. From then on, a number of doctors experimented with patients with blood disorders and cancer by use of radioisotopes and were successful as well. One doctor’s procedure to halt the growth of cancer on the thyroid became the turning point in medical history. The beginnings of organ screening, for example PET scans, were born.
4. In the Allegory of Human Cave, Plato describes human world as a cave, in which, our perception of “truth” is nothing but a shadow coming from the “sun”. Each of us has been chained so that we’re not able to look at the source behind our back. In my interpretation, Plato implies that the world in which human perceive is like a cave, we might be chained and unable to look beyond the “shadow”. Thus, what we see in the “reality” might not be the reality, but its shadow. Also, Plato describes that the one who broke the chained and explored outside of the cave, once comes back would receive the denial from others. This person, in my opinion, represents the role of philosophers, which is the one who always seeks for the reality or the “sun”. The philosophers are the peers who realizes that the world we perceive is just a shadow, and not that many people are able to realize that. Then, some would ask why we know whether if the world is a shadow. Yes, we don’t. We also don’t know whether if the world is not a shadow. In another word, there isn’t “absolute truth” about the existence of the “reality” we’re living in. Therefore, we need to keep seeking for the “reality” no matter whether it is what it seems to be or not. Then, how can we break the chain that ties us to the “shadow” of reality? One of the answers is to keep questioning. As mentioned above, there is no absolute truth. One could be right today and will be wrong tomorrow, vice versa. By questioning, we’re able to explore
The use of radioactive elements in medicine is still growing to this day. Many oncologists use it to treat their patients who have cancer. Many cancer patients use this option. They use the radiation to kill off cancer cells. X-ray technicians or radiologists will also use it to administer x-rays to people who may have a broken bone, or need an MRI. The patient is injected with a radioactive material that helps the doctor be able to see inside the body better, whether it be with pictures or ultrasound. Radioactive material is defined as “material that contains radioactivity and thus emits ionizing radiation. It may be material that contains natural radioactivity from the environment or a material that may have been made radioactive.” (The Healthy Physics Society). This happens when someone needs a colonoscopy. They have to drink or are injected with this liquid that helps their organs and all other masses in the body be seen better by the radioactive materials.
Madness is a common theme in many works of literature from the Elizabethan era. It is often confused with the work of the devil or love sickness. Due to the combination of widely accepted religious beliefs and the lack of understanding of mental illness, Hamlet’s madness is a defining factor in the storyline of William Shakespeare’s renowned play Hamlet. The theme of madness is first introduced in Act I. Early on in the play, the tragic nature of Hamlet’s character becomes more and more apparent. This is first presented in one of Hamlet’s soliloquys in scene 2, “O, that this too too sullied flesh would melt,/ Thaw and resolve itself into a dew,/ Or that the/ Everlasting had not fixed/
In nuclear medicine diagnosing techniques, a very small amount of radioactive material is introduced into the body. Because medical isotopes are attracted to specific organs, bones or tissues, the emissions they produce can provide crucial information about a particular type of cancer or disease. Information gathered during a nuclear medicine technique is more comprehensive than other imaging procedures because it describes organ function, not just structure. The result is that many diseases and cancers can be diagnosed much earlier.