Reaction Rate Of Lipase

The temperature can have a major impact on an enzyme. According to Campbell Biology author Reece etc. 2011 “The enzyme reaction will increase as the temperature increase with the increasing temperature….substrates collide with active sites more frequently when the molecules move rapidly.”(Reece etc 2011) Every enzyme hits its optimal temperature the reaction will be at its highest point.(Reece etc. 2011) When the

Enzyme catalysis is dependant upon factors such as concentration of enzyme and substrate, temperature and pH. These factors determine the rate of reaction, and an increase in temperature or pH above the optimum will

Given the background, we hypothesized that for the first experiment, the lactase will break down lactose in milk and have a similar effect to sucrose. We also predicted that the Milk + Lactase reactant would have more glucose, the Milk + Water reactant would have a little bit of glucose broken down, the Sucrose + Lactase reactant would have less glucose than the Milk + Water reactant, and the Sucrose + Water reactant would have little to no glucose at all. As for the first procedure of the second experiment, we had hypothesized the more basic the solution would become, then the more glucose there would be. Our prediction for the first procedure of the second experiment was that there would be no glucose found in the solutions containing pH 4 and pH 7. For the second procedure of the second experiment, our hypothesis was that glucose would be present in the reactants at 4ºC and 25ºC while the reactant that had been in the hot water bath at 100ºC would have little to no glucose because it would have evaporated. We predicted that for this temperature experiment, the glucose would evaporate at 100ºC and would remain at 4ºC and 25ºC. For the first experiment we had found that a reactant of Milk + Lactase have high levels of glucose, while the other three reactants do not. As for the second experiment, for the first procedure, amounts of glucose were found in

Temperature controls the speed the enzymes work at. Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy which increases the chance of collision therefore speeding up the rate of

As the temperature increases, so will the rate of enzyme reaction. However, as the temperature exceeds the optimum the rate of reaction will decrease.

10 °C (50 °F) 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.006 20 °C (68 °F) 0.251 0.285 0.273 0.27 30 °C (86 °F) 0.767 0.789 0.799 0.785 Optical Density 40 °C 50 °C (104 °F) (122 °F) 0.969 0.93 0.947 0.922 0.945 0.947 0.954 0.933 60 °C (140 °F) 0.843 0.827 0.829 0.833 70 °C (158 °F) 0.641 0.623 0.632 0.632

These results show how temperature of extreme high, or low affects enzyme activity. The highest rate of enzyme activity occurred at 37 Cº. Anything that was hotter or cold than 37 Cº slowed the reaction rate. As I thought, 100 degrees would denature the enzyme, and that was the case. The data provided shows exactly what temperatures enzymes work best, and worst. The objective was achieved as we discovered the different reaction rates under different temperatures. The results are reliable, as we know enzymes do not work well when under extreme heat or denaturation occurs. What I learned in this experiment was that enzymes don’t work well under cold temperatures because they tend to move slower. My hypothesis did not quite match, because I thought they work best at lower temperatures.

Question: How does changing enzyme concentration or temperature affect the reaction time of enzyme activity?

Most enzymes work best at body temperature, higher temps will cause the enzyme to no longer work properly

4. Temperature will be kept consistent at room temperature - All tested will be done in the Biology laboratory with the windows shut to make sure the temperature will not change during the tests. The higher the temperature, the shorter the time will be needed for the chemical reactions to happen and phenolphthalein to turn from pink to colourless.

3. Specifically state where in the intestine sucrase is likely to be most active (pH along GI tract).

Enzymes are biological catalysts, which accelerate the speed of chemical reactions in the body without being used up or changed in the process. Animals and plants contain enzymes which help break down fats, carbohydrates and proteins into smaller molecules the cells can use to get energy and carry out the processes that allow the plant or animal to survive. Without enzymes, most physiological processes would not take place. Hundreds of different types of enzymes are present in plant and animal cells and each is very specific in its function.

We then tested the last set of test tubes containing milk and lactase, we did this to find which ones would present the most glucose concentration results, when placed in different temperatures, 4°C, boiling and room temperature. What we wanted to know was how far temperature could affect lactase to perform its enzymatic activity. We hypothesized that if the lactase is placed in a high or low temperature outside its active range, the temperatures would have a negative impact on the functions of the enzyme. If the temperature has an affect on lactose then we would see some temperatures in which lactase will be function able. We came to a conclusion that enzymes work at a temperature that is closest to body temperature (25°C); boiling water (100°C) denatures the enzyme, while the enzyme is not able to function properly if

β-galactosidase is an essential enzyme because it allows humans to break down lactose into glucose and galactose. Previous studies have shown that β-galactosidase functions at an optimal temperature of 50°C1. In this experiment, the effects of decreased temperature on the catalytic activity of the enzyme β-galactosidase was investigated to determine if there is a significant, statistical difference among the conditions. It is believed that decreasing temperatures during the enzymatic process of β-galactosidase in the ONPG reaction will slow the rate of reaction due to decreased catalytic activity.

reaction rate increases. If the temperature of an enzyme gets to high the reaction rate will slow