Reading Research Literature

Situation: Two patients in their 70s present to the office at different times today, each with documented heart failure: one diastolic and the other systolic, and both are hypertensive. First, discuss the difference between systolic and diastolic heart failure, providing appropriate pathophysiology. ACEI/ARBs are the only medications prescribed for CHF that have been found to prolong life and improve the quality of that life. EXPLAIN the mechanism of action of ACEI/ARBs and how they affect morbidity and mortality in CHF. Be specific. Diuretics must be used very carefully in diastolic ventricular dysfunction. EXPLAIN this statement using appropriate physiology. Now considering all of the above, describe an appropriate comprehensive plan of

His oxygen saturation is 91% on room air. Mr. Doe’s wife passed away several years ago and his two children live in other states, therefore, he lives alone. As a newly diagnosed heart failure patient, he is anxious and worried about being able to manage his condition independently, claiming he has become forgetful. The case manager will work with Mr. John Doe to identify issues (symptoms) that may hinder his ability to live independently. Goals are developed based on his priorities and indicate the anticipated end result, which will help improve his quality of life.

This booklet is aimed to help patients that have been diagnosed with heart failure who need help and support about to what expect,

·  What conclusions did the study reach? Are the conclusions appropriate? Why or why not?

While these studies provide positive results the draw back to them are that the sample groups for each were considerably small which means that there is insufficient evidence to support

In addition, the researchers conducted a chart review of each participant 's medical record. In this study the results showed that “compared with men, women used more evasive and supportive coping and rated psychologic aspects of the heart disease as more problematic to manage. More women perceived available support from friends and grandchildren, and more men perceived available support from their partner. Women rated lower levels in physical and psychologic dimensions of quality of life” (Kristofferzon et al., 2005, p. 39).

Were there any unexpected findings? What did the authors conclude? What did the results mean, and what are their implications?

According to the American Heart Association (2015), heart failure is defined as “a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the body 's needs for blood and oxygen. Basically, the heart can 't keep up with its workload”. Congestive heart failure is a progressive illness that effects millions of Americans every year. Many other illnesses can lead to the development of congestive heart failure. Examples of these diseases include: coronary artery disease, past heart attack, high blood pressure, abnormal heart valve, heart muscle disease such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy or inflammation such as myocarditis, congenital heart disease, severe lung disease, diabetes, obesity and asthma. (American Heart Association, 2015 (Centers for

established the clinical problem that heart failure is associated with high morbidity and poor prognosis (Hobbs, et al., 2007). She further added that it decreases patients’ quality of life as it places a heavy burden on them, as well as their families, as well as the huge negative impact on health care resources (Iqbal, et al, 2010), contributing to lost productivity from unplanned hospital admissions. The authors presented the research problem strongly, stating that there is a limited study of the role of specialized heart failure nurses in the multidisciplinary team in managing heart failure patients, thus warranting a further investigation to be conducted. Special nurses, as defined by Glogowska et al, are experienced senior nurses who are involved in providing medical, psychological and emotional support that begins at the initial diagnosis of heart failure and continues onward. They provide transitional care in assisting patients manage their heart failure. The research article focus on the experiences and perceptions of clinicians in managing heart failure patients, and it aims to understand the special role of specialized heart failure nurses in the interdisciplinary team. The authors designed to answer the following questions when conducting this study:

The evaluation form has a series of five questions. The first question is if the patient understands their heart failure diagnosis. Understanding the disease process may be complicated for those with low health literacy. Healthcare providers often overestimate the health literacy skills of patients

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and Heart Failure (HF) are serious problems in regards to hospital re-admissions especially regarding the sixty-five year old population. Data demonstrates approximately over 670,000 individuals each year are diagnosed with CHF, along with that there are 6 (six) million Americans affected with CHF. Hersh, Masoudi, and Allen (2013) described readmissions of patients with CHF is increasing by 25% within thirty days of discharge from the hospital. This creates a huge impact on the taxpayers and patients due to the increasing percentages being re-admitted into the hospitals (Post discharge Environment Following Heart Failure Hospitalization: Expanding the View of Hospital Re-admission, 2013). The problem is to identify a plan to decrease the CHF/HF hospital re-admissions into the especially regarding the 65 (sixty-five) year olds and older, in spite of efforts from the hospital staff providing guidelines and nursing education regarding CHF/HF signs and symptoms.

The objectives of heart failure and cardiomyopathy education training are to help patients and their families get the learning, aptitudes, methodologies, critical thinking capacities, and inspiration vital for adherence to the treatment arrangement and support in self-care (American Heart Association, 2011). Moreover, the education will include recognition of signs and symptoms of heart failure, activity and exercise recommendations, compliance with medications, daily weight monitoring, and specific diet

The authors relied heavily on two studies to create their argument. The first study mentioned was the Pinto et al article. In this study, "Pinto and colleagues (5) assessed the

| Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re-test reliability and validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are

hospital in Ohio is currently looking at a program to help educate their heart failure patients, and to establish measures to ensure that the patient is following up after discharge. This paper will give the finding of the literature research and share a plan to improve the education for the heart failure patient.