Redox Reaction : Redox Reactions

A fuel cell is, in principle, a very simple electrochemical device. The chemical reaction that powers hydrogen fuel cells is the same as that which occurs when hydrogen burns. The chemical equation for this reaction is: 2H2 + O2 ( 2H2O + energy. "Normally hydrogen burns, reacting with oxygen from the air, producing water, heat and light. ... In the fuel cell the chemical reaction is exactly the same, but instead of producing light and heat energy, electrical energy is produced."2 All fuel cells consist of an electrolyte (a substance that allows only the passage of ions) sandwiched between two electrodes. When a fuel containing hydrogen is passed over the negative electrode, otherwise known as an anode, it is ionized. Ionization of the fuel, often accomplished with the assistance of a catalyst, removes electrons from the hydrogen creating positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged free electrons. Since only the ions can pass through the electrolyte situated between the electrodes, the electrons must find another route to the positive electrode or cathode, where they will be reunited with the hydrogen ions and combined with oxygen atoms to form water. The electrons passing around the electrolyte constitute an electric current, and thus can be used to provide power during their journey from anode to cathode.3

the chemical energy stored in batteries gets transformed into electrical energy through the wires, then gets transformed into light energy and thermal energy that you see.

Batteries store energy in chemical form. They release energy by pumping electrons’ through wires from the minus pole to the plus pole. Devices inbetween convert this energy to another form, Efficieny- e.motor=85%, combustion= 20%

This means that if the work done by the force is positive, the potential energy of the object is decreased. Let’s take the example of an apple that drops from the branch of a tree. In this case, Gravity does work to move the apple from the branch to the ground. Meanwhile, potential energy gets converted into kinetic energy when in motion and finally at the ground, the apple contains less potential energy. Basically, work is the change in potential energy.

1. Why do electrons (blue dots) move? Draw a diagram of the battery, label the flow of electrons. The flow of current (+) is opposite; draw this and note if toward or away from + terminal of the battery.

A battery is a gadget that changes over synthetic vitality into electrical vitality. Every battery has two terminals, an anode (the positive end) and a cathode (the negative end). An electrical circuit keeps running between these two anodes, experiencing a synthetic called an electrolyte (which can be either fluid or strong). This unit comprising of two anodes is known as a phone (regularly called a voltaic cell or heap). Batteries are utilized to control numerous gadgets and make the sparkle that begins a gas motor.

The understanding of oxidation and reduction must be clear to carry out this lab. With the understanding of these concepts we can calculate or hypothesize for the properties of each element or compound. Oxidation involves the gain of electrons of hydrogen or the loss of oxygen or decrease in oxidation state. If zinc completely reacts with HCL, then the theoretical yield of copper should be equivalent to the actual yield.

Simplifying the schematics, a battery is comprised of at least one galvanic cell, which contains two or more half cells, a reduction cell and an oxidation cell. The electrode and electrolyte solution are contained in the half cells, and the chemical reactions in the two half cells provide the energy for the galvanic cell operations (Chieh). The two electrodes, or battery terminals, produce electricity through a series of electromagnetic reactions between the anode, cathode, and electrolyte (Marshall, Charles, & Clint, 2000). Two or more electrically charged atoms/molecules, known as ions, from the electrolyte bond with the anode (negative terminal) in the oxidation reaction. This produces a compound, where one or more electrons are then released. Simultaneously, the cathode substance (positive terminal), ions, and free electrons also combine into compounds during the reduction reaction with the cathode. Basically, the cathode or positive terminal of the battery is absorbing the electrons produced from the anode or negative terminal, creating electricity. Therefore, electrons flow from anode to cathode (AUS-e-TUTE, 2017), and electrical energy is

Looking further into batteries(most batteries) during the discharge of electricity, the chemical on the anode releases electrons to the negative terminal and ions into the electrolyte in a process called oxidation. The positive terminal accepts these electrons and thus completes the circuit making the flow of electrons. Between electrolyte solutions the ions move through the salt bridge to maintain electrical

However, with each solution, one metal was not mixed. When mixed with hydrochloric acid, students observed that Magnesium immediately started to bubble, emit gas, and fizz intensely. Fe and Zn bubbled too, however it was much more subtle. Cu appeared to have no initial reaction as it did not emit gas, it did not change color, and it did not fizz or bubble, all of which are signals a reaction is happening. This is because a fizzing or bubbling indicates gas is being released, in this case the gas was H2, and the change of color physically shows something is changing

A lot of information from different sources was gathered with the purpose of comparing different Li-ion batteries mechanisms, cathode and anode materials, structure and fabrication procedures, and their respective advantages and disadvantages.

The chemical reaction which occurs between the electrolyte and the positive electrode internally in the battery then produces a buildup of positive ions, which are atoms that are missing electrons. The positive ions buildup at the cathode of the battery which

“A battery is a device that is able to store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, and convert that energy into electricity.” ("MIT School of Engineering."). Every battery has an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte (“How Do Batteries Work?”). The anode is the negative plate, or end, of the battery (“Power System”). And the cathode is the positive plate of the battery (“Power System”).

The same applies to other solutions; as long as the metal forms a better cation (i.e. has lower electronegativity) than the cation present in the solution, it can displace it and react. These reactions are categorized into single displacement reactions because the metal presented as an element

The purpose of this experiment was to test in what ways voltage is affected within a cell with them being temperature, concentration, type of metal used, and type of circuit. The Data obtained by combining two metal solutions together connected with a salt bridge and measured with a voltmeter show that increasing temperature decreases voltage as well as increasing the Q value. Series circuits were found to increase the voltage of a cell as long as it was the same type of cell being used already within the cell combination. In the process, parallel circuits were found to not affect voltage and only affect current.