Reflection Paper On Hallucinations

The hallucinations include two different individuals: one is a new coworker named “Ivan”, the other is a coffee shop waitress (with whom he pursues a relationship). He also possesses a belief that someone is breaking into his domicile and leaving notes for him (although he is seemingly unaware of the purpose). He has actually found notes, but has no knowledge of their origin. His hallucinations were responsible for a major industrial accident at his place of employment (during which a coworker was dismembered) and now the client is experiencing paranoia and believes his coworkers are persecuting him. The client is very excitable, and seems to have a heightened awareness of objects that remind him of the repressed hit and run incident. The clients overall mood appears depressed, with very few exceptions, and he has had interpersonal conflicts with coworkers. He performs tasks robotically, and even shows some signs of obsessive compulsive behavior, specifically hand-washing with bleach and lye. The client’s weight loss over the previous year is dramatic; he is essentially emaciated, yet continues to go to work and perform personal tasks. In the next few paragraphs, this information will be used to formulate a psychological diagnosis for Reznik. Diagnoses are presented using the multiaxial system in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. These

Andy seems to be showing signs of psychosis. Immediately I saw that he was very paranoid and suspicious of the people around him. The content of what he is saying does not make sense as he is accusing his roommates of putting voices in his brain. He believes his roommates are out to get him and fears they are listening to him. I noticed that his eyes wonder and he lacks eye contact. He seems to have lost all relationship with reality and experiences auditory hallucinations. Andy states that the thoughts in his head are planted from his roommates which are being tracked through a device they placed in his brain. The patient seems to be confused and suspicious as to why his friends would do this to him. The delusions and hallucinations seem very

Auditory hallucination is a fundamental presentation observed in patients suffering from schizophrenia. It is one of the frequently occurring symptoms considered to be disabling in schizophrenia, but despite vast and numerous organized studies undertaken in this area in order to comprehend the pathophysiology of auditory hallucination, little success has been realized, and it remains to be complex in research, understanding, and expressing the knowledge accrued (Kaprinis, 2008.) The auditory processing in schizophrenia seems to be different from that of normal individuals because patients inflicted with this mental illness complain of voices deep inside their heads. The voices are described as coming

* Hallucinations – see things that aren’t there or talk to people who aren’t around.

When the brain is deprived of all sensory input it begins to provide input of its own, sometimes relating to events that have occurred before. Sometimes these hallucinations occur with no reasoning whatsoever, all the researchers

The patient remains delusional, agitated and guarded, he always depressed, isolate and withdrawn. He still have disorganized thought and still has inappropriate emotional response because o the voices in his head. He stated that "I am so afraid of the voices in my head, they wont stop unless I'll follow them, I am afraid of dying but I think I would be better off dead, I have no choice but to follow the voices". He still insisting he will follow his belief. He remains sad and anxious, still showing self isolation and still cannot think for personal safety. His judgment, insight and impulse control are still poor. He remains a danger to self and a danger to self. He still needs an inpatient psychiatric hospital level of care as he refuses to

28-30). What is most interesting about these examples is that the majority of the hallucinations are experienced by experts within the scientific community. Clearly intentional, the author masterfully crafted a strong appeal to ethics both by presenting himself as an expert and drawing support from reputable

M.’s wife, the college dean, hospital staff and even her roommate were dangerous threats to her mission of saving the world. Janet’s struggle to “save the world” can equate to her hope of being saved herself. These persecutory delusions helped Janet endure her extreme anxiety. Hallucinations, which include hearing voices and seeing things that are not real, are a positive symptom of schizophrenia. Janet experienced auditory hallucinations when she felt thwarted in her delusion that she and Dr. M. must save the world. She was unable to rescue herself from the stress that brought about the delusion formation; this stress and anxiety left her vulnerable to hallucinations. In addition, her paranoia led her to accept the hallucinations as proof of the threats against her plan for world salvation. The command hallucinations Janet heard placed her in danger of performing violent behavior that could harm herself or

Although there is no cure the author can see benefits from psychotherapy. Talk therapy can be utilized to talk about the client’s past trauma, in hopes that after talking the client can learn ways to cope and understand their past traumas. Since the client has symptoms of DID and hallucinations, free association and hypnosis can be used to encourage the client to talk freely about materials from their unconscious mind. With this, interpretation of the client conscious thoughts and unconscious behavior and motives can be discussed. Also, with hypnosis the client can possibly learn more about their other personality states, and hope to gain insight to control those states. The author finds it really interesting that although the client shows great love and closeness to his mother, he still has suspicion in her motives. The client hallucinated the instant where his deceased father told him that Norma was the crazy one instead… The author can see why it would be difficult to assess and treat the client due to that

Code based on predominant symptom: - With Delusions: if delusions are the predominant symptom - With Hallucinations: if hallucinations are the predominant symptom Diagnostic criteria for Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder: A. Prominent hallucinations or delusions. Note: Do not include hallucinations if the person has insight that they are substance induced. B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of either (1) or (2): (1) the symptoms in Criterion A developed during, or within a month of, Substance Intoxication or Withdrawal (2) medication use is etiologically related to the disturbance C. The disturbance is not better accounted for by a Psychotic Disorder that is not substance induced. Evidence that the symptoms are better accounted for by a Psychotic Disorder that is not substance induced might include the following: the symptoms precede the onset of the substance use (or medication use); the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time (e.g., about a month) after the cessation of acute withdrawal or severe intoxication, or are substantially in excess of what would be expected given the type or amount of the substance used or the duration of use; or there is other evidence that suggests the existence of an independent non-substance-induced Psychotic Disorder (e.g., a history of recurrent non-substance-related episodes). D.

The recurring idea of how science, technology, and total state control can be dangerous for the citizens of the utopian society is constantly brought up throughout the novel. The state in Brave New World created a scientific and technological method, the bokanovsky, in which they can have ninety-six or more identical twins. The state decides in which social class the embryos they have created go into by making them hear recordings while they are sleeping. Moreover, the state provides the citizens with soma so they can erase their unpleasant memories by creating hallucinations in which the person is happy and satisfied. The soma helps maintain stability and control for the state. The citizens are always happy and never complain; therefore,

Stage one: Denial- The individual may be in denial or act is everything is normal without yet

Rosenhan's study was done in two parts. The first part involved the use of healthy associates who briefly simulated auditory hallucinations in an attempt to gain admission to 12 different psychiatric hospitals in five different states in various locations in the United States. All were admitted and diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. After admission, the pseudopatients acted normally and told staff that they felt fine and had not experienced any more hallucinations. All were forced to admit to having a

Multiple regression analysis was run to predict hallucination history from source monitoring variables; speak vs. hear and imagine vs. hear. The model statistically significantly predicted hallucination history, F(2, 177) = 171.7, p < .000, adj. R2 = 65.6%. All variables added statistically significantly to the prediction, p < .05

These symptoms are: Delusions which are strange beliefs that are not based in reality. Another positive symptom are hallucinations which makes people hear voices, feel touched when they are not touched and see things that are not really there.