Reformation And Exploration Dbq

The Renaissance is a period in Europe, from the 14th to the 17th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age. The Renaissance changed the view of man on the world from how man viewed the world during the middle ages. The purpose of this essay is to show how the Renaissance changed the way man viewed the world. The world was changed in the views of Art, Literature, and Science.

Peter’s Basilica. Then on October 31, 1517 it is speculated that Martin Luther nailed the 95 Theses on the front doors of a university door. The reason for the massive spreading of the 95 Theses is because of the printing press. The printing press quickly spread the document throughout Germany. This was the start of what is known as the German Reformation. Martin Luther was eventually excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church. Luther would always refuse to take back what he has said in his documents against the Roman Catholic Church. At the Edict of Worms, Martin Luther was declared a heretic and made him a wanted man. Martin Luther is one of the most important figures of the medieval Europe. This may be another reason the 95 Theses and other doctrines spread so well throughout Europe. The Roman Catholic Church was ringing Martin Luther’s names all throughout the public’s ears. The old saying “any publicity is good publicity” applies in this situation. People could see that Martin Luther was onto something. The 95 Theses were put into vernacular so that anyone could read them for their selves. He gave a voice to many people that would never have a voice and spoke out against the corruptions of the Roman Catholic Church. He gave way to reform throughout the church. Martin Luther and the 95 Theses also gave way to his own form of religion called Lutheranism.

After the defeat of the Roman Empire in 476, western Europe had grown and changed the world. However, the Catholic church was the defining characteristic that had remained very central and important to European culture. The Protestant reformation during the sixteenth century was sparked by Martin Luther, who was a writer from Germany. He believed that churches were abusing power, because at the time, churches would say things like "sins can be forgiven and people can go to heaven after they die if they contributed money or a donation". Luther stated that no one was in a place to give someone a place in heaven besides god and that churches were being greedy, immoral and hypocritical. He took an advantage of the printing press and its fast growing industry to spread these ideas and information from his book 95 Theses to the public of European countries including Italy, Germany, France and Holland. Lutheran philosophy and teachings helped educate the public, and some of the resulting reforming measures included the closure of monasteries, divisions of church and translation of the holy bible from Latin to different European languages (Drame, lecture notes). John Calvin was another important figure who developed Calvinism in 1530 to spread Lutheran philosophy throughout various European countries. In order to control the "damage" Luther had

“For in the true nature of things, if we rightly consider, every green tree is far more glorious than if it were made of gold and silver.” Martin Luther. The Protestant Reformation was a great schism from the Roman Catholic Church initiated by Martin Luther. He was widely acknowledged to have started the Reformation with his 1517 work “The Ninety-Five Theses” in which he began by criticizing the selling of indulgences, insisting that the Pope had no authority over purgatory and that Catholic doctrine of the merits of the saints had no further foundation in the Gospel. The Protestant position, however, would come to incorporate doctrinal changes such as sola scriptura and sola fide. The central drive behind these changes was theological, though many others factors played a part, including the rise of nationalism, the Western Schism that eroded people’s faith in the Papacy, the impact of humanism and the new learning of the Renaissance which questioned much of traditional thought.

In “Maps, Money, and Monopolies,” author Joseph P. Farrell argues that Columbus’ believed intentions of finding a new route to the spice islands is not only a false narrative, but a cover story. He argues what truly motivated Columbus and the Spanish was wealth in the west not discovery in the east. Farrell focuses on two main areas to support his claim: The hidden history of maps prior to New World “discovery”, and Columbus’ access to information regarding the New World.

The ninety-five theses revolutionized the way society works and thinks. With the ninety-five theses published, Europeans realized that they can control their own thoughts and actions; not what the church was forcing them to believe. John Calvin along with Luther began to create their own forms of religion between their own thoughts, both forms of Protestantism. Luther was the first person to “translate the Bible from Latin to German” (Martin Luther great site) allowing common people to begin reading the bible instead of a priest reciting the original scripture. With the formation of other religions, like Protestantism, wars and executions began across Europe, especially in England, for a nation’s common religion.

His “95 Theses,” which propounded two central beliefs—that the Bible is the central religious authority and that humans may reach salvation only by their faith and not by their deeds—was to spark the Protestant Reformation. The Catholic Church was ever after divided, and the Protestantism that soon emerged was shaped by Luther’s ideas. His writings changed the course of religious and cultural history in the West. Although these ideas had been advanced before, Martin Luther codified them at a moment in history ripe for religious reformation. The Catholic Church was ever after divided, and the Protestantism that soon emerged was shaped by Luther’s ideas. His writings changed the course of religious and cultural history in the

Luther wanted his beliefs to be known and accepted. Luther decided to continue his effort beyond the original 95 Theses. Political cartoons, copies of the 95 Theses, and a collection of other writings helped spread Luther’s beliefs to the common people. Luther had gotten to take advantage of the printing press, allowing his works to be created faster. With works being created faster more people could see his works and become familiar with his beliefs. Discussion was stimulated in universities, whether or not Luther’s views were acceptable. In 1519 Luther moved toward a more official break with the Church. Luther began to emphasize the ideas of faith bringing salvation, the Bible as the authority instead of the Pope, and priests not being

The influx of Spanish gold created a price revolution throughout Europe making life increasingly impossible, even for the nobles. The British enclosure acts stripped away large amounts of land from peasants, creating even more economic hardships. In addition to financial woes, domination and the treasury of merits offered by the Roman Catholic Church began raising questions of ethics and integrity within the church. Protests against shady practices and corruption in the church led to the protestant revolution that quickly spread across Europe. Martin Luther, a revolutionary German priest who sought to rework the power of the Roman Catholics, was one of the most influential leaders of the reformation. He initiated the movement by nailing his 95 theses to the doors of Wittenberg Chapel in protest of the sale of saintly and prophetic merits as a means to buy a ticket to heaven, thus raising revenue for the church. He believed that faith alone was the key to salvation, and that the people should be allowed to read and decipher the bible and its true meaning for themselves. Luther pushed for a German translation making the book available and accessible to the (literate) masses, his followers known as Lutherans. This new branch of religion sparked a new attitude surrounding religious power of the

Martin Luther, named the father of Protestantism, dramatically changed Christianity through his force of will and new ideas. In 16th century Europe, Catholicism was undeniably the most powerful and influential religions in Europe. Moreover, the church had become greatly involved in the political and social life of Western Europe. This was until the Protestant Reformation began, which challenged the Church not only in it’s hierarchy, practices, and biblical interpretations, but also the widespread following of Catholicism throughout Europe. Many saw this as a threat to the whole structure of society, especially the power of the Roman Catholic Church. The abuse of power such as the sale of indulgences, relics, and the corruption of the ministry undermined the religious authority of the Roman Catholic Church. As protests against the Church began to occur, many individuals would rise to prominence and would lead the Reformation. Martin Luther and seven other theologists opened new discussions on spirituality and faith, which spread Protestantism throughout Europe. Their main goal was to return Christianity to its roots, focusing on understanding the teachings of the bible, and less on material things such as relics and indulgences. The Reformation was a significant event in religion because it allowed for religious freedom and even caused a separation of powers in the religious world. In the process, many other historical milestones where achieved such as, the 95 theses and

Communication is constantly improving, specifically in our technologically advanced world. In the 1450s, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press, inspired by Chinese Woodblock printing. It had a significant effect on both reformation and exploration in the Renaissance, as it allowed information to travel efficiently through Europe. While both exploration and reformation benefited from the invention of the printing press, exploration is a stronger reflection of overall Renaissance worldviews.

New denominations of Christianity appeared during the Reformation. Martin Luther, John Calvin, and begrudgingly, Charles V were the main people attributed to starting or aiding in the growth of such denominations. Luther is typically associated with having initiated the Reformation by writing his 95 These. In document 1 is Luther’s 95 Theses which he had written in complaint of the Catholic Church's selling of indulgences and secular power. His theses soon gain enormous popularity and Luther unwittingly become the leader of a new branch of Christianity called Lutheran. Such like in document 1, document 4, taken from Calvin’s Golden Book of The True Christian Life, lead to a new branch of Christianity called Calvinism. Calvinists believe that people are sinful from birth and while those who are able to go to heaven have already been decided; it is important

The discovery of the Americas by the European explorer Christopher Columbus was a pivotal event during the 1450s that posed challenges to the way Europeans viewed the world. Columbus was born in Genoa Italy, and is hailed as one the greatest navigators during his time, inspiring an official American Holiday. However, Columbus’s voyage isn’t all that great of a thing, especially to the native peoples and environment of the Americas. Columbus’s deeds are soured by false motives, violence against the indigenous, and damage to the environment that came as a result of him discovering the Americas. Although America had to have been discovered some time by the Europeans, it was not handled very well by the European explorers and society.

During the 16th Century, not only was Europe was recovering from the social, political and economical upheaval it experienced, but it was thriving economically (399). Although there was stability within the governments and with colonial expansion, within the Church there were issues that were being noticed by the masses. There was neglect and ignorance and a loss of passion from the clergy, abuse of power from bishops and Popes, and misinformation spread through the masses on their salvation through indulgences (399–402). The latter was considered simony and was criticized by reformers like Erasmus, but it wasn’t until 1517 when a monk named Martin Luther published his Ninety-Five Theses that quickly spread and caused a chain-reaction

The Renaissance period was marked by a renewed interest in Classical culture, art, learning and science. The Reformation was a religious movement which challenged the authority of the pope and the Catholic Church, which until that time had been the only organized form of Christianity in Western Europe. The Reformation began when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses, his list of grievances against the Catholic Church 's practices, to the door of a church. Luther’s main disagreement with the Church was over indulgences, the sale by the Papacy of remission of penalties imposed by God on souls in Purgatory. He attached the theory behind indulgences that the Pope could make grants to the faithful from the treasure of merits accumulated by Christ and the saints over and above what they had needed for their own salvation.