Regulation Of Epigenetics

Epigenetics is a study that entails the heritage changes in gene expressions, which includes both the active and the inactive genes; the changes do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. Meaning, it is a change in phenotypes without the differences in genotypes and consequently, affect how the cells read the genes. The epigenetic modification is a natural occurrence but apparently can be influenced by other several factors, including diseases, the environment, and age. Epigenetic changes can result in adverse damages and can end up causing infections such as cancer (Barton et al, 2016). This paper looks at what epigenetics entails, the hidden life of our genes, how food affects genes and how one can elongate life by improving health status.

Epigenetics is the future of science. It has evolved from being a science that very few believed in, to one that will shape medicine as it is known. As the Human Genome Project began, the goal was to determine which genes controlled what phenotypes in a human. After all the genes were identified and mapped, the expression of the genes that the scientists had just discovered was also beginning to be analyzed (EPIGENETICS). Although every gene had been identified and associated with a function, there were genes that if not expressed or not turned on, would create a different scenario. That is, the idea that the genotype of an individual would determine their phenotype was reinforced. Epigenetics however is the study of the switching on or off of the genes responsible for a particular action (Feinberg). For example, all of the organs of a single person have the exact same DNA as the others, yet a lung looks drastically different from a kidney. This is due to the expression of the genes responsible for creating a specific organ. If scientists are able to control the switching on and off of these genes, then many extraordinary possibilities exist.

Before conducting research and watching numerous informational videos on epigenetics, I would have never believed that when my grandmother was my age, she made dietary decisions that have affected me. Technically speaking, epigenetics simply means above genetics. In other words, epigenetics is the traits that you and I inherit, but do not necessarily necessitate the sequence of genes. I took me a while to actually grasp the concept until I thought of it from a musical perspective. Imagine our DNA helix strands as a musical score. There are different music notes as there are genes. If someone were to play Beethoven’s Symphony Number 5 correctly, it would sound the same every time. Basically, if one note is changed, the whole musical piece

A roadmap to our future is predetermined by our genetical makeup. However, can external influences such as environment and lifestyle unlock who we are? The study to understand heritable changes in genetical expression is called Epigenetics. Héctor González-Pardo and Marino Pérez Álvarez(2013) describes Epigenetics as the examination of the heritable complex genetical alterations that are shaped by environmental factors which don’t cause changes to the DNA Sequence. In other words, different cell/organism must use the same script in different ways. The study of epigenetics explores the idea that DNA is a script and not a manual. Accordingly, we can positively influence our lives as well as the lives of our offspring by leading a healthy lifestyle.

When DNA and histones are modified, we get epigenetic marks that are considered enduring within singular cells during their development, and which are also hereditary across cell divisions. Since the design of neurons via epigenetic mechanisms is essential to the neural development, any alteration or disruption in the process may lead to an assortment of neurodevelopmental disorders which can include autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Evidence that has recently come up proves that in the case of ASDs, an altered epigenetic landscape exists, which indicates that epigenetic mechanisms play a critical role in their pathogenesis. This paper discusses how epigenetic dysregulation plays a significant role in selected neurodevelopmental disorders,

Epigenetics tell your genes what to do. They are basically a switch turning a gene on or off. The research currently being done shows that the persons’ environment can directly affect their genes. Research being done by Michael Skinner shows that exposure to a known teratogen, pesticides, are having a direct impact on our genes. The pesticides are causing some epigenetics to turn on and others to shut off. This one example of how some teratogens are epigenetic influences. Yes, we need to be wary of where, when, how, and if we decide to use most household chemicals. There have been many studies showing that chemicals can affect our health. Further research needs to be done into epigenetics and teratogens in general and into household

Epigenetics is an ultimate intersection between both lifestyle and health. They simply reveal how certain lifestyle factors such as diet, stress, and exercise can change the way genes are expressed. These changes will eventually begin to multiply and affect health, the risk for different diseases and a person’s overall well-being. The DNA is known as the molecular code.

Having this ability allows for very unique studies. A major study area is identical twins, twins allow for a unique perspective on the genome. Identical twins develop from the same fertilized egg which means they have the same genome; however, when the chromosomes are observed at a young age there are very little differences in the epigenetic tags, but when looked at much later in life there is numerous differences (“Insights From Identical Twins” 2016). This illustrates the vast differences that occur not from genetics, but rather the environment. Both fraternal and identical twins are very important in the understanding of genetics that relate to diseases and complex behaviors. While it is very interesting that the majority of epigenetic tags change it is also very helpful. Science now knows most tags change, not all tags change. Since the majority of tags stay the same that means that scientists can then isolate the few remaining genes and map them and they can find out what these genes do. If one twin experiences a disease or behavior the it is a better plan to look at differences in the environment rather than the genome; however, if both twins experience the behavior or disease it is a far superior plan to focus on the genome rather than differences in their environment(“Insights From

Epigenetics is the study of changes in organisms caused by modifying the genes expression rather than alternating the genetic code itself, in other words turning specific genes on or off. Epigenetics has many effects on health and development, like the susceptibility to develop cancer cells or a better chance at becoming fat or thin. Many scientist have accepted the idea that epigenetics is inherited, but Karin Micheles, a fellow at Radcliffe institute, does not think epigenetics is totally heredity. Micheles explains that during development, epigenetic markers control the differentiation that makes a muscle cell different from a kidney cell through activated genes and then maintains that program from one generation of cell to the next, but

You can probably compare the distinction between genetics and epigenetics to the difference between writing a book and reading. Once the book is written, the text (the genes or information stored as DNA) will be the same in all the copies distributed to the public. However, every player of a given book will have a slightly different interpretation of history, which arouse in him feelings and personal projections through the chapters. In a very similar manner, epigenetics would allow several readings of a fixed matrix (the book or genetic code), giving rise to various interpretations, depending on the conditions in which we question this matrice.

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that does not involve changing the DNA sequence. This change is a natural occurrence but is influenced by a person’s age, lifestyle, and the presence of disease. Epigenetics can manifest themselves commonly as skin cells, liver cells, or brain cells. But some epigenetic changes, such as cancer, can cause a great deal of damage.

Epigenetics represents a complex layer onside DNA sequence reflecting the environmental factors. It studies the changes in organisms lead to gene expression level change but the genetic code stay the same. Epigenetics factors play an important role in regulating gene expression. There are two main components of the epigenetic code, DNA methylation and histone modification. Epigenetics changes are common in different areas, across different species. For human, epigenetics is extremely important on complex disease or disorder studies.

Human development from conception to adulthood is a conjoined partnership, moulded within our cells, of Nature (the DNA we inherit) and Nurture (the prevailing nutritional, social and physical environment). The field of epigenetic is quickly growing and with it the understanding that both the environment and individual lifestyle can also directly interact with the genome to influence epigenetic change. Developing organisms seem to have a wide range of susceptibility to epigenetic changes. Appropriate dynamics in epigenetic modifications are essential for embryogenesis, early fetal development and early postnatal growth. Consequently, the inadequate establishment of epigenetic modifications during critical developmental periods due to changes

Phenotypes depend on the genes that code for them, but the expression of genes can depend on multiple factors including the environment. Epigenetics is a field in science that focuses on how the environmental plays a role in in the development of certain phenotypes by affecting gene expression. Epigenetics influences all species and works through DNA methylation and can be influenced by multiple external factor such as growth hormones.

Epigenetics involves genetic control by factors other than an individual’s DNA sequence. Certain circumstances in life can cause genes to be silenced or expressed over time. They can be turned off, becoming dormant, or turned on, becoming active.