Rejection to the Proposal of Mr. Clotter John Ko Essay

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

It is patients’ right to opt for genetic testing on their own DNA, although they are accepting a great risk by doing so.

This is just my opinion on what I would do about the issues relating genetic testing with the American Society of Human Genetics. If you have an immediate family member with a genetic disease or condition, you should have a blood screening test ran to possibly save you from getting the same

== == == == ==

Factor V Leiden is the most common inherited form of thrombophilia (Stammers, Dorion, Trowbridge, Yen, Klayman, Murdock & Gilbert, 2005). Between 3 and 8 percent of people with European ancestry carry one copy of the factor V Leiden mutation in each cell, and about 1 in 5,000 people have two copies of the mutation (Stammers, Dorion, Trowbridge, Yen, Klayman, Murdock & Gilbert, 2005). People who inherit two copies of the mutation, one from each parent, have a higher risk of developing a clot than people who inherit one copy of the mutation. Considering that about 1 in 1,000 people per year in the general population will develop an abnormal blood clot, the presence of one copy of the factor V Leiden mutation increases that risk to 3 to 8 in 1,000, and having two copies of the mutation may raise the risk to as high as 80 in 1,000 (Stammers, Dorion, Trowbridge, Yen, Klayman, Murdock & Gilbert, 2005). Although, only about 10 percent of individuals with the factor V Leiden mutation ever develop

Sarah is a 31yo, G3 P1101, who is seen for an ultrasound evaluation and assessment for FTS and a consultation due to her clotting abnormalities. The patient does have a history of a 20 week IUFD and had a full thrombophilia work-up and ended up with several test results that were positive. She is heterozygous for factor V Leiden and heterozygous for prothrombin gene mutation, which is a combination that is a risk factor for thrombosis that is equal to being homozygous for either factor V Leiden or homozygous for prothrombin gene mutation. The patient herself has never had a thrombotic event. She also is heterozygous for MTHFR and PAI 4G/5G positive. She also has a positive anticardiolipin IgG antibody. In her 2nd pregnancy she was treated

It is my unfortunate obligation to dismiss you from service at the bank. Effective immediately, you have one week to vacate your office and return any bank materials which you may have collected during your time of employment. Your salary for the quarter will be paid pro rata and mailed to you immediately.

== == == == ==

Factor V Leiden as named after the Dutch city Leiden in which it was discovered. Factor V Leiden is a genetic blood clotting disorder that results from a mutation of the Factor V gene. Most of the time you will inherit Factor V Leiden from your family. If kept under control blood clots are mostly harmless, but if left uncared you can have a piece of the blood clot break and enter your lung there it will cause serious damage like a heart attack or stroke.

    Factor V Leiden is a hereditary gene mutation that leads to the disorder in the clotting process of blood. It causes the diseases known as Factor V Leiden Thrombophilia or APC resistance. Factor V functions normally in the coagulation pathway of the blood. But a mutation occurs and its cleavage by the body’s natural inhibitor Protein C is slowed. This leads to excessive clot formation in the blood vessels. This mutation is the most common cause for a Deep vein thrombosis(DVT).1 DVT happens most frequently in the legs but can also happen in other parts of the body.3 About 5% of caucasians are heterozygous or homozygous carriers of this factor mutation.2 Heterozygous carriers are associated with a three to sevenfold increase

== == == == ===

In the Annalistic traditions, most Roman historians revised the history of the Punic Wars, re-emphasising an identity of dominance into the Roman collective memory. In Appian’s account of Cannae, he surmised that the Roman population remembered the war in its violence and Hannibal’s victories. However, although Hannibal was victorious he was amidst his worst defeat, realising the capability of the Roman battle power. Thus this underscores how the trivialisation of such a powerful Carthaginian commander that is Hannibal yet the acknowledgement of his superiority continued the historiographical tradition of Roman supremacy.

If Warfarin is considered as a treatment option for Joe, the practitioner may want to consider genetic testing for polymorphisms in genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1. These two polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk for bleeding. This would assist in determining whether Warfarin is a suitable option for Joe.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

== == == == ==