Relationship Between Conflict Of Interest And Firm Innovativeness

There are various internal and external factors that can influence the development of innovations positively or negatively. External factors may include firm size, market structure, degree of industry concentration, and macroeconomic factors. Size of the firm tend to be more positive related to innovation in manufacturing and profit-making organizations as compared to non-profit making organization, and relationship that involves size and innovation will become stronger if a non-personnel or a long transformation measure of size has been applied, as compared to application of a personnel or a raw measure of size. Depending on the competition within the market for example a positive competition with favorable atmosphere, the firm will be successful in its kind of innovation. The way industries have been structured and how they change over time may have effect to the innovation among organizations. Their standards, the institutional setting and the process of liberalization and privatization also affect innovation.

Stone describes interests as “the sides in politics” and “people and organizations who have a stake in an issue or are affected by it” (Stone 229). Stone goes on to describe after interests are made, they are mobilized, meaning that the interests are

Conflict is a process that every one of us has experienced throughout our lives. There are various definitions of conflict as described by different authors. Generally, conflict is a process whereby, one individual’s interest is opposed or negatively affected by the other party (Yoder-Wise,2015).

The final category is conflict of interest. A conflict of interest occurs when an employee has an undisclosed economic benefit in a situation. For example, maybe the employee has a family member who works for one of the companies bidding on a project. If the employee knows that the family member will benefit and does not disclose the information to his superior than that is a conflict of interest.

Let’s say I serve on the Advisory Board for DeVry University. In this role I am being paid payments to be a part of the Advisory Board. This is a Conflict of Interest because board members are not allow to receive compensation.

‘Ah, Mac, my naive friend, this is called “conflict of interest”: if this example has spread, many powerful ones would lose their power, and they couldn’t accept it. I’ll explain it to you later; I’m only telling you this because when we leave this place you will find the rest of the people are very different, don’t

“A conflict of interest arises when a trustee has an interest that conflicts with the interest of the organization”. (American Medical Association, 2010).

The treatment of conflicts of interest and other ethical dilemmas that may arise in investment decisions.

the results of the analysis. Section VI discusses the findings and the limitations of the study. Future research directions are also outlined. Section VII concludes the paper. II. INNOVATION DIFFUSION AND THE S-CURVE GROWTH MODEL Over the last three decades, a considerable body of literature has accumulated on the characterization of the life cycle of innovations. Interest in understanding the factors and the environment conducive to the adoption of new innovations spans across different disciplines, most notably marketing, economics, and social science. One line of research involves empirical studies using cross-sectional data with a focus on the relationship between the adoption decision, the innovation, and the organizational characteristics. The majority of IS innovation studies fall into this category [2], [6], [17], [23], [35], [55], [56]. Another line of research, popularized in the marketing literature, focuses on the diffusion pattern of innovations over time. Aggregate diffusion models have been proposed to study the rate and pattern of the diffusion process. While originally developed to capture the essential features of

And the conflicts can vary from organizations as whole to departments within organizations. We often see that researchers have conflicts of interest in the type of research that they pursue or they have other conflicts related that hinder them from giving their best performance that would otherwise be possible. One common conflict of interest is the financial conflict that arises very frequently and causes more problems than we would assume a conflict to create. Ideally and ethically medical professionals are expected to refrain from such practices where they would put their own interests ahead of the interest of their patients, however, the financial interest causes a powerful override over the common

Tidd et al (2000) states, “the innovation is a business process of revolving opportunity into new ideas and of putting these into widely used practice. In term of the nature, there are five major types of innovations: novelty, competence shifting, complexity, robust design and continuous improvement. While in term of the extent of change, innovations can be divided into incremental, radical and

S120 Objectivity S120.1 Professional or business judgement cannot be comprised because of conflict of interest or the undue influence of others. (APESB, 2013)

Innovation is normally used to denote the process that takes place when a product or a process is developed, from idea to market; the concept of invention only denotes the process that takes place when new ideas or solutions are generated. Baumol (2002) argues “is it possible to have lots of inventions and still lack innovations. Nevertheless, inventions are a necessary precondition for innovation”.

Conflict of interest- any relationship, that is not in the best interest of the organization.

This refers to the means and the methods used to produce the product or the service supplied (Worthington and Britton, 2009). Although this involves more than information technology, IT is becoming increasingly important. An organisation needs to know what technologies are being used by its competitors in order to remain in the market and not fall behind. To make its product more accessible to customers, a firm must also know what technologies are being used by them and how these technologies affect the firm's procedures. In a time where customers can read information on or buy products from firms around the globe, business conduct must adapt to technologies. This is discussed in Iammarino and Michie's article (1998), which also states that 'technology, computing, telecommunications, broadcasting and so on have opened up the world economy'.