Relationship Between Personality And Participation

Sports—which involve emotion, competition, cooperation, achievement, and play—provide a rich area for psychological study. People involved in sports attempt to master very difficult skills, often subjecting themselves to intense physical stress as well as social pressure. research has expanded into numerous areas such as imagery training, hypnosis, relaxation training, motivation, socialization, conflict and competition, counseling, and coaching. Specific sports and recreational specialties studied include baseball, basketball, soccer,

The present review will analyze and critique five empirical sport psychology-related research articles. Moreover, the discussion of each article will include which statistical method was used, why it was used, and whether or not it was appropriate for the data. In addition, the article discussion will include a description and possible critique of the author’s interpretations of the results.

Psychology is argued to be the scientific study of the human mind and behaviour. So the obvious question can be asked, what is sport and exercise psychology? According to Gill and Williams (2008), sport and exercise psychology is the scientific study of people and their behaviours in sport and exercise context and the practical applications of that knowledge. In hindsight, what sport psychology does is take psychological theories and applies them to sport. Examples of these are: personality, imagery, aggression, motivation, skill acquisition and many more. Therefore, this essay will provide an insight to how mainstream psychology such as personality and behaviourism can be applied to sport.

Personality has been of interest to sport physiologists and researchers for a very long time, dating back to around the 1800s, the reason why it is of such is interest is because they want to find out how personality affects someone when they are doing sport as to what personality makes them better at specific sports compared to other people. But as it is hard to find a direct link from someone’s personality to the specific set of skills they have, there is very little evidence which shows what personality helps someone become good at a specific sport.

A person’s personality says much about who he or she is. People define personality in different ways. Researcher after researcher has tried to come up with the best definition for what personality truly means. Case studies, correlational studies, and experimental designs are some of the most commonly used methods of research. These methods help better define personality. The advantages and disadvantages of each method differ and can be helpful or hurtful to the research of an individual’s personality.

According to Weinberg & Gould (1999) personality is “The characteristics or blend of characteristics that make a person unique.”

The research team included 3 researchers, two trained in sport sociology and the main author was trained in sport psychology, providing an

The ultimate quest for sport psychologists is to establish what psychological factors produce the winning formula or to try to establish a profile of the successful athlete. Within the psychological framework attempts, to determine the "ideal athletic personality" have only been marginally successful (Morgan 1980, in White, 1993). One of the categories observed in order to understand and move towards the 'ideal athletic personality' is that of Psychological Skills Training (PST), "It is contended that mental skills training is a significant part of sport psychology and is of particular importance to athletes and coaches" (Rushall, 1995, p0.3).

There are varying theories relating to personality, with each theory giving a different viewpoint on how personality affects sporting performance. One of these theories is the Trait Theory (Eysenck) which originally stated that there were only two personality types (introvert and extrovert) but over time realised that this limited the theory and introduced two more personality traits (stable and neurotic). Each one of these personality types has its own unique affect on a sports performance.

Researchers since the 1960’s and 1970’s have inspected personality behaviors and had no success in pinning personalities to a certain sport. For example, successful middle linebackers in football tend to have aggressive personalities, but other successful linebackers may not have that same personality quality. (Weinburg and Gould, 40). Correlating personalities to define athletes is no easy task because there are too many variables to consider. However, there was a study done many years ago in 1977, by Schurr, Ashley and Joy, that depicted significant results regarding influence on choice and sports performance. They researched around 2000 students using a questionnaire to find differences between non-athletes and athletes. They concluded that no unique personality profiles deciphered between athletes and non-athletes. However, during their study they did find behavioral correlations when

In this study there were 40 participants. Out of the participants, 17 were male athletes, and 23 were female athletes from different collegiate divisions. The participants ages were 18 and 22. All of the athletes had sustained sports injuries and were required to undergo at least one week of sports rehabilitation. All subjects volunteered and were aware that the study was being performed. The readiness of an athlete to feel capable of returning to their sport relies solely on their rehabilitation process. The athletic trainer of the injured athlete would provide them with a packet which contained four questionnaires. The first four were the Task and Ego Orientation in sports(TEOSQ), social support(SSQ), Sources of Sport

Sports have always been an important part of our life as they are considered to be one of the most accessible recreational activities available to almost all population groups. There are, certainly, various kinds of sport that one can engage in, and, often times, they may be influenced by one’s socioeconomic status, religious beliefs, culture, geographical location and more. This aspect, however, is what makes sports so appealing to the public, and its uniqueness allows for accommodation of almost every personality. Sports generally allow children and adults to sustain their body, mind, and spirits in excellent shape by combining the two of the most important factors: physical exercise to keep the body lean and healthy and play to keep

It was decided that the goal would best be reached through a questionnaire given to people to fill out that would evaluate their self esteem. After going through many the Baarksdale self esteem evaluation no.69 , it was decided on as being the most thorough and the one most pertaining to he research. Some questions at the end were added asking for age, sex, and whether or not they play competitive sports. These questions were added so we could separate them onto the respective categories: athlete/non athlete. Our control group would be the group that does not play on a sports team. The athletes would be compared to them. The questionaries were handed out randomly.

Personality is the enduring and unique cluster of characteristics that may change in response to different situations. It can be asses via different approaches such as Self-report or objective inventories, projective techniques, clinical interviews, behavioural assessment procedures and thought and experience-sampling procedures. In the study of personality ideographic research and nomothetic research are used and the major methods that the clinical method, the experimental method and the correlational method.

In this report, I am going to talk about the effects of personality and motivation on sports performance and I will do this by looking at the different theories relating to sports performance and how sports athletes deal with the effects of personality and motivation in sports performances.