Relationships and Mechanical Processes in The Sun Also Rises

“Oh, Jake, we could have had such a damned good time together.’ ‘Yes, Isn’t it pretty to think so?”. Their final discussion is right where they started in the back of a cab. Brett has just dug a hole even deeper into the abyss of disappointment that Brett has already given him. Jake has lost his masculinity in more ways than one. He has to live without Brett, and with his disability, denying him any chance at all with women. He has finally accepted the loveless relationship that has become of them, and will push forward knowing how it will never be.

          The most prevalent theme in this story is loneliness. Jake is obviously lonely, so much so that he stoops to such pathetic lines as, "I'm kinda hoping so, just so it takes a little more time and we can talk some. Or else you can give me your phone number now and I won't have to lay my regular b.s. on you to get it later." His loneliness also shows when Gilb describes how, "her hand felt so warm and soft he felt like he'd been kissed." Jake seems to crave the human intimacy of love, and yet all he does is flirt with a woman whom he does not even care for enough to be truthful to. This is also situational irony. Corresponding with this theme of loneliness is the concept that everyone is looking for love. This need is very evident in Jake and is also displayed in Mariana. No intelligent female would even relent a little in the face of such an apparent swindler as Jake. However, Mariana must be a little flattered and lonely because she smiles at his attentions and even makes small talk with him.

She sees Jake as an unintelligent, brainless, violence obsessed marine who doesn’t deserve a place in her program. As time progresses, Grace grows fond of Jake, his helpful tendencies and selflessness.

“Why? What’s the point?”. Jake has a wife and a daughter and he hasn't spoken with his kid in months. His daughter refers to him as “the man that used to live with us” and he doesn't like speaking with his

The climax of Jake’s capabilities is illustrated in an early scene in the film where he engages in a fight while in bar by imposing greater damage on a well-built thug who appeared to have defeated every person in his sight until he met Jake. This is a significant scene since it shows what Jake is capable of doing. As one

Jake is consciously aware that there is a problem, which is more than can be said about his friends. Perhaps the people that surround Jake are the issue, though. His close friends and the people whom he travels with include Lady Brett Ashley, Robert Cohn, Bill, and Mike. Brett, the target of Jake’s unrequited affections, is likely someone whom he should stop spending time with; however, it seems that he just can’t get away from her. She is a very strong and independent woman who isn’t known to behave in a traditionally feminine way. Jakes does remark that although she is very independent, “She can’t go anywhere alone.” Robert Cohn is a Jewish, wealthy expatriate; but unlike many of his friends, did not spend any time in the war. Cohn also falls head over heels in love with Brett, who soon rejects his affections as well. As a wealthy, Jewish, non war veteran Cohn stands out in the group and his fumbling attempts to court Brett are the source of much mockery and leads to many fights. Bill is also an American veteran who seems to be always drinking. He tends to use humor to try and deal with the emotional scars of war; however, is not immune to the immaturity and cruelty sometimes characterized by Jake and his friends. Finally, Mike is a very heavy drinking Scottish war veteran who is completely bankrupt. He is seen to have a terrible temper, which most often displays while he is drunk. Mike is also not comfortable with the

An important theme in this book that the character of Jake displays very well is transformation. Through out the book, you see Mr. Gerbati take Jake through a “transformation journey” from stealing to stay alive, to becoming the son figure that Mr. Gerbati once had. Jake found a much better, healthier, and more stable father figure to live by everyday after meeting Mr. Gerbati, and being

The value of monetary exchange extends to his relationships, particularly with Brett: “I had been getting something for nothing. That only delayed the presentation of the bill. The bill always came. That was one of the swell things you could count on” (Hemingway, 152). In this instance, Jake is referencing that his friendship with Brett, has given him the benefits of having as much of a romantic relationship as he can, which makes him feel he has cheated Brett of deserving payment. This explains why Jake supports Brett’s sexual promiscuity, as other men are capable of giving her what he cannot, sexually.

Jake’s significant relationships were reduced to two in number: his love for Sadie and his mentorship of Bill. His relationship with Sadie itself is in no way reduced on screen; if anything, it is strengthened, because she could still trust him after learning about his other life by listening to a taping of Oswald and Marina copulating. This makes the songs from the future that he sang in the book appear as comparatively mild signs of his lies. As for Jake’s relationship with Bill however, this was, perhaps, one of the largest differences between the text and the film; in the text, Jake’s interactions with Bill were restricted to his time in Derry, where as the book extended the relationship beyond Bill’s place of origin to also take place during Jake’s residence in Dallas. This contingency only occured because Jake connected with Bill; both Bill and him were truly men of no nation.

These characteristics are things that make her a total magnet to men and even woman. Throughout the story Jake and Cohn feud over her love, eventually ending in the termination of their friendship. “You sound as though you like her pretty well.” “She’s a drunk, I said. She’s in love with Mike Campbell…”

It shows how Jake is persistent and dedicated to his job, even if it always seems like he is in over his head. Jake, however, also departs from the film noir tradition when he lets his emotions get the best of him. The greatest example of this is seen during the exchange between him and Evelyn when he is trying to find out the truth about Katherine. Resorting for the first time to violence against a woman, the near desperation with which Jake pushes Evelyn to confess is an expression of his fears and anxieties about being completely lost amidst the lies that surround him. The result is the humanization of Jake Giddes’ character. He simply is not perfect, and ultimately fails to see the bigger picture of what he is involved with until .

However, Jake is not married, nor does he live with a woman in Paris. The characters of the

Because of this injury, Jake cannot be with the woman he loves- and this plot line serves as a catalyst for the larger and far more important theme about the American Dream - and chasing everything desired, but never truly being able to achieve these dreams to satiation.

He demonstrates his propensity for extreme cruelty. Although he is a part of the generation, ironically he is different from the rest of them. He realizes the uselessness of the Lost Generation's way of life. He tells his friend Robert Cohn, "You can't get away from yourself my moving from one place to another." (19) Jake doesn't think highly of Cohn, but he puts up with him anyway. Interestingly, Cohn is also attracted to Brett and this fuels Jake's already heightened feelings of inadequacy; thus Jake takes a condescending attitude toward Cohn. Jake describes Cohn as weak and inexperienced, timid and easily intimidated by a strong woman (Frances). This condescending attitude toward Cohn is nothing but the reflection of Hake's very own insecurities about his manhood.

Ernest Hemingway shows his brilliance by displaying the decay in moral standards. One of those moral standards was the openness of peoples' being attracted to the opposite sex, or same sex. Hemingway chose to display this by using Brett as his center point and having everyone she comes in contact with fall in love with her. At the beginning of the book Brett was with a group of openly gay men. The gay guys were dancing with each other and being open about their sexual preference. This really didn't happen before the war. Throughout the book Brett and Barnes flirt a lot and they also kiss several times. Brett also has and affair and sleeps with Cohn at San Sebastian. Brett also chooses to flirt and lead on Count Mippipopulous. She also has another affair with Pedro the bullfighter. This whole time Brett is engaged to marry Mike. They are not married yet and they too sleep together, this didn't happen a lot before the war either. Hemingway chose to illustrate his the decline of moral values by using Brett as his center point, and having anything to do with sex happen with Brett in the sentence.