Religion : Wars Of Religion

14. ’05 Compare and contrast the motives and actions of Martin Luther in the German states and King Henry VIII in England in bringing about religious change during the Reformation.

Prior to the Reformation, many people across Europe were dissatisfied with the Roman Catholic church. Numerous commoners resented those of high ranking status in the church, including the pope, because they were openly abusing their power and not sharing their wealth with the people. Some of the wrong doings the church committed involved selling indulgences and sales of bribery for papal appointments meaning, someone could pay them to obtain an office in the church with income. Martin Luther was a monk who was deeply involved in the church and when he heard about the wrong doings of the church, he decided to confront them. Luther began writing multiple bishops about an intervention however, neither the bishops or the Pope responded because they were only interested in the money power. As a result, Luther wrote the “95 Theses” elaborating on ninety-five ways the Catholic church could change their teachings.

Peasants had a strong believe in the power of the church and also in the power of their lord. Peasants had to pay rent for his land to his lord; he had to pay 10 percent of what he had made from farming to the church which was called a tithe (Trueman). Peasants didn’t make much money already but they thought that paying their tithe would someday pay off in the end and that maybe they would be blessed by their lord. “A serf had to work and do menial jobs for his lord. He had to pay inheritance tax when his son took over his father’s role to the lord” (Difference). The serfs and peasants would never miss paying their taxes to their lord, because the power of the lord was so high and the serfs and peasants were scared by what they could do to

of state to a subservient position to the religion. This was a major problem as the

The first Crusades that took place in the 11th century that attempted to recapture the Holy Land of Jerusalem, called upon by Pope Urban II could be considered a Christian Holy similar to Muslim’s calling for Jihad. Jihad in Islamic practice is a Holy War fought by Muslims to guard and/or spread their belief as a civic duty. Through the effort to take back Jerusalem from the Muslims, the Pope was calling the Roman Catholics in Europe to militarily conquer the Holy Land and ultimately resulted in the Christians recapturing Jerusalem in 1099. The parallel seen between this Christian Holy War and Jihad is that both goals are to spread their respected religion. In An Account of Pope Urban’s Speech at Clermont, Pope Urban II broadcasts his call for the First Crusade in 1095 in France and in his speech Urban cites the need for Christian Empire to aid against Muslim empire. By doing this he is calling for Christian to rage a holy war against the Muslim to take back Jerusalem. The Chronicle of Solomon bar Simson, demonstrates the persecution that the Jewish community in the Rhineland in the early parts of 1096, the knights justification of killing the Jews were to support the focus on the goal of protecting Catholic interests in the Holy Land and that the Jews were always an enemy to the Christians. The Siege of Antioch discusses about Northern Syria whom is the largest and most formidable Muslim country on the way to Jerusalem was faced with hardship with god but through divine

Religious disputes have caused problems with governments. For example Martin luther and his "95 theses" had a great effect on the catholic church. Martin luther did not agree on the fact the church had so much power, his 95 theses altered and critiqued the amount of power the catholic church had. This is a good example of how we came to the conclusion that religion and government should be separated from each other.

It was more about having power and being the best. It came to the point where religion was involved with the government. It’s understandable that there are differences in beliefs, but not agreeing with someone else’s beliefs does not necessarily means that what you think is right. It’s all about accepting and respecting others. Even in all three religions there is some type of “rule” that says to respect one another despite the differences. But when politics get involved everything changes. People with power take religion a use it in misleading

the Church to offer and sell indulgences. The Catholic Church was conveying the message that

The eight wars of religion escalated thought-out 36 years, with intermittent interruptions. The Protestant progressing originated in Northern Europe in the early 16th century. but escalated in the 19th century. It began as a reaction to the Medieval Roman Catholic doctrine and practices. After a procession of European religious wars in the 16th and 17th centuries, and especially in the 19th century, it spread throughout the world. Wherever Protestantism arose, it altered the social, economic, political, and cultural life of the area The wars would end with the Edict of Nantes an edict that ingrained a limited tenacity. Frances struggle with religious turmoil between Catholics and Protestants was an ongoing crisis, however, the Spaniards belief in religion provided vast support to the moral code and allowed the police authoritative power of the state to loosen its grip on the community. History shows that atheistic, totalitarian states used force rather than religion to enforce obedience to government tyranny.

The Catholics and the Calvinists were both responsible for tensions because they brought the religious pressures and battles on themselves after years of animosity. With the introduction of new religions on the rise during that era this turned into a power battle among the religions. The Protestant Reformation set the standards for religious fanaticism. This understanding kept everything quiet in the terrains of the Holy Roman Empire by conceding every ruler the privilege to decide the religion of their territory. Every war began as a religious debate yet went ahead to uncover different motives such, as political power and covetousness. At the point when the bloodshed started with the Protestants and the Catholics nothing was accomplished after

Luther’s emphasis on inner individual and pay more attention and awareness of “sin”. In theology, Luther was deeply influenced by Paul and Augustine. Especially focus on “sin and justice”. While Calvin focused on voters and abandoned

Before and after the 16th century, religion was not a word or a characteristic that was used to describe any one individual. Rather, religion was like a way of life-incorporated into the individuals and also into family values, beliefs and morals. The church played an important role in the community by offering educational opportunities especially through the monarchies, the stability of religious presence etc. The wars of religion were basically a chain of events and happenings that caused religious wars to be waged in Europe. These wars started with the Protestant reformation- Martin Luther 's attempt to change the ways of the Catholic church.

The religious holy war is a conflict that caused because of the differences in religion, and beliefs between nations, and people. In 2001, After the attacks of 9/11, as a result, the 43rd U.S. president of the United States George W. Bush declared the "War on terror". After 9/11, the tension, and the conflict between the Western-Islamic world has been rising and impacted both nations, especially after just one month of 9/11, The war against an Islamic conservative country like Afghanistan started from the United States. These fast actions caused people to worry it's a religious holy war between Christianity, and Islam because the attackers of 9/11 were Muslims individuals in a majority Christian's country. By looking at the history of the religious holy wars starting from crusades in 1095 all the way to the current time, I will demonstrate, compare, and contrast the differences between the "War on terror" Lead by the United States, crusades, and what groups like ISIS, Al-Qaeda do in the name of Islam, as well as the Islamic concept of "Jihad".

Throughout history in contemporary Spain before the civil war, violence against persons associated with the Catholic Church, the symbols of their religion or their interests, has been known for its recurrent and prolonged in time as one of the salient dimensioned Spanish anticlericalism, which emerged in the liberal political ideology, then it would be taken up by more radical republican currents and the movement of the workers. were five killings in the 1822-1823 biennium, the killing of priests in Madrid in 1834 and then for the other episodes Wars or the Tragic Week in Barcelona in 1909 are the most significant examples of violence before the establishment period of the Second Republic,

NATO’s recognized Human Rights and the varying cultures of the planet are in continual opposition around the world based on Religion, Ethics, and Moral Obligation. The world has 19 Major Religions and 270 different Major Religious groups recognized by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO. This variation of religions and beliefs is the main reason on why Human Rights and Culture are constantly in conflict. The top 5 religions of the World differ in one absolute way and that is the first three (Christianity, Islam, and Judaism) are monotheistic religions. Believers of these religions believe in only one Supreme Being (i.e. God in all three of these cases). While those three are monotheist the other two (Buddhism and Hinduism) are