Rem Sleep Psychology

This is a short article written by a collaboration of people by a company named Today’s Science. Their main goal was to describe the pattern of sleep a human goes through during the night. This cycle is called NREM and REM, non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement. They mostly describe what happens during sleep because without sleeping you could not dream. Dreaming occurs during the rapid eye movement cyc

There are a few factors that are essential for life such as breathing or eating, but one of the most essential factor is sleep. Even though the amount of sleep people need differs from one individual to another, the fact is that eventually everyone needs to sleep. People know the importance of sleep, but due to the increased workload and the pressure of society people are getting less sleep. As a result, there has been an increase interest on the effects lack of sleep has on the mind especially the memory of a person. Many questions arose about the relationship between sleep and memory due to the fact most high school and college students have become sleep deprived. For example, does more sleep mean higher grades?

Have you ever not gotten enough sleep, or cut your sleep short for a class? Show of hands? Alright, well today I will be speaking with you about a subject that is near and dear to all of our hearts. Today I will be talking about sleep, specifically about REM sleep. First off does anyone know what the initials REM even stand for? REM stands for rapid eye movement, and it is the stage of sleep in which most dreams occur. It gets its name from the way your eyes move back and forth in this stage. Though those movements are slower than how your eye would move when you are awake. During a typical night, you cycle between REM and non-REM sleep, but spend the majority of your time asleep in non-REM.

They used twenty-eight female and male participants, some with frequent others with less frequent nightmares. All participants were screened for any mental or psychological disorders. In the study, participants would have a nap, complete a task, and fill out questions on the state of their dreams and experiences. The participants would also nap for longer and then be awakened right before they entered into REM sleep. Then the participant would once again answer questions and write about their dream experiences. The questionnaire contained questioned related to the state of their dream, stress levels, nightmare frequency, etc. The participants also slept in rooms with continuous surveillance and with a polysomnography. The participants were tested on their dream and daydreaming conditions with similar procedures that were previously

All mammals exhibit Rapid-Eye-Movement, or REM, sleep, and yet on certain levels this type of sleep would seem to be disadvantageous. During REM sleep, which is when most dreams occur, the brain uses much more energy than during non-REM (NREM) sleep. (1) This "waste" of energy coupled with the increased vulnerability of this state on account of the body's paralysis at this time suggests that there must be a very important reason, or reasons, for the existence of REM sleep and in extension of dreams. Determining the function of dreams, however, has proved very problematic with many arguments which directly oppose each other. Some of the primary functions of dreaming have been

There are studies that have shown that sleep and dreaming are linked to learning and to repair the body and mind. If we were to stop REM sleep or dreaming, the body recovers by increasing dream sleep first, recovering the loss of REM almost precisely. This suggests that dreaming is important. It has been observed that a lack of sleep causes waking dreams, interruption with memory and learning, difficulty of thinking straight, less associations, and more. It has therefore been suggested that REM or dream sleep is important in maintaining our well-being.

Although scientists are unsure why we sleep, they do know how sleep works. There are two phases of sleep: Rapid Eye Movement (REM sleep), and Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM sleep). These phases help form whole sleep cycles, and a complete cycle lasts around ninety to a hundred ten minutes. If you sleep for eight hours, you will go through about five cycles every night. During these cycles, you are mostly in NREM sleep. REM sleep only lasts for about ten minutes of the cycle. However, as the night progresses, NREM sleep decreases and REM sleep increases. Every cycle of sleep has five stages. In stage one, you will get NREM sleep. You begin to lose muscle tone, which causes twitches and hypnic jerks. You also have hypnagogic hallucinations and

Rapid Eye Movement(REM) has been correlated with dreams and sleep physiology. It has been tracked by brain waves and muscle movements. Non-Rem(NREM) sleep is the first phase which occurs for 1-7 minutes and the easiest to be interfered with. The brain begins firing betawaves every 15-30 seconds. After a while the person becomes asleep and breathing regularly between 6-8 seconds in the second stage. The heart rate begins to slow down and so does the blood pressure. In the third stage there are more thetawaves along with sleep spindles(sigma waves) and k-waves. Most of the noise are lock out and the heart rate and blood pressure are decreasing. In the fourth phase there are thetawaves in the appearance of delta waves firing at 1-5 seconds. The last and final stage, the person is in their deepest sleep and it is very difficult to wake up. The heart rate and blood pressure are at their lowest and the delta wave are blasting every 1-5 seconds.

Typically, sleep occurs in five recurring sleep stages. Of these, four are stages leading up to REM sleep. REM sleep is an abbreciation for rapid eye movement. Neurotransmitters act differently on neurons in the brain, causing the mind to be awake or asleep. The neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine keep the brain functioning properly when awake, however are less present when sleeping. Adenosine, a chemical, also is linked to drowsiness when present in the blood and is broken up when sleeping. Beta waves are the waves which occur in our waking state.

Some research has been done in analyzing the frequency and manifest (surface) content of dreams in individuals with sleep apnea. For instance, in “Dreams in Sleep Apnea Patients,” Gross and Lavie (1994) performed a study on the effect of sleep apnea on REM dreaming. Patients often had hundreds of apneic episodes per night, including during REM sleep—hence the interest in the ways sleep apnea affect dreaming. As opposed to analyzing the effect of external stimuli on dreaming, internal stimuli (such as increased blood pressure, accelerated heart rate, and decrease in oxygen) is scrutinized (Gross & Lavie, 1994). Thirty-three patients, majority male, participated in the study, spending 2 nights in the laboratory to be treated with CPAP (Gross

All humankind has experienced nightmares, which are dreams that are usually frightening and unpleasant that cause a person to awaken, and often happen during REM sleep. P.5 **According to Hartmann (1984), nightmares prefer to appear within one of the late REM sleep that happen during the early morning between four and seven A.M, and usually last between five to thirty minutes (as cited in McNamara, 2008, p.5). The emotions and the images that associated with nightmares might follow these individuals during the day or even for years, and it might affect their health, as well. Asplund (2003) explains that nightmares might cause serious consequences for health in certain statuses. They are exceedingly related to particular physical and mental symptoms and also to the impaired quality of life. For example, a person who usually has nightmares might be afraid to sleep and face their worst dreams because their nightmares might be repeated every night. Some others will have artificial insomnia since they are awakened by their nightmares, so they cannot go back to sleep again. There are also two dramatically various sorts of nightmare experience on both the neurophysiological and the subjective psychological level, which one type takes place in REM sleep and the other take place during stage four sleep. It has been proofed that all nightmare dreams happen during all sleep stages. “However, the most severe type of nightmare experience is confined to the deepest stage of nondreaming sleep; stage 4” (Kellerman, 1987, p.4). In addition, these nightmares reflect on disturbing dreams that also represent a failure of normal dreaming activities. As McNamara (2008) states that nightmares have no certain purpose in themselves because they are inappropriate byproducts of a further normal dream process that goes awry. However, nightmares are still a universal human experience, and one of the less understood with the

The average person sleeps around four months a year, begging the question why do humans dedicate such a large portion of our time asleep? One of the key components of sleep are dreams, many psychologists have attempted to figure out why dreams are beneficial to us, some of these theories include: Wish-fulfillment, problem solving, replay, and activation-synthesis. Through analyses of my dream, I will demonstrate that activation-synthesis is the most logical explanation as to why we dream.

With this in mind, a person’s heart rate slows, and they begin to rest and recharge after a long day. When this person finally dozes off, they undergo cycles of non-REM and REM sleep. Non-REM sleep comes early in sleep and contains deeper, more restful sleep. Dream filled REM sleep comes late in the night and when all dreams occur. Dreams in REM sleep can last anywhere from a few seconds to forty-five minutes long. The transition between the two cycles happens at the same time for each person, regardless of bedtime. The time of this switch between cycles differs for each person. This is the reason for not forcing sleep. This results in a healthy balance of non-REM and REM sleep balance

Rapid eye movement (REM ) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is characterized by loss of the normal voluntary muscle atonia during REM sleep, associated with excessive motor activity while dreaming. REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of normal skeletal muscle atonia during REM sleep with prominent motor activity accompanying dreaming. Polysomnography is record your heart,breating,brain waves, oxygen level in your blood. Also,leg movements during the study. clonazepam appears to decrease REM sleep phasic activity but has no effect on REM sleep atonia. The most intense dreams are experienced during the rapid eye movement periods of REM sleep and motor inhibition is at its most intense during these same periods(Chase

Sleep disorders have always surrounded me through family and friends. though I never suffered with any sort of sleeping disorder, I was well aware of how unnerving it can be toothless who suffer from it. I did not know all of the different types there were, and was intrigued when reading chapter three of my psychology book. I had assumed that nigh terrors, which I used to think were the same as nightmares, were over exaggerations of a person’s scary dream. Sleepwalking also held interesting facts that I didn’t know prior. Having a best friend who occasionally sleepwalks, I was always interested in why she would seldom remember both walking and talking. I also appreciated learning about sleep apnea because my father used to struggle with it and would worry my mom about his breathing when he was asleep.