The Causes and Effect of Crisis in Renaissance: The Black Death
The Black Death was the one of the most devastating epidemic throughout the history. The Bubonic plague was even called as Black Death in 1345. (Based on work of Kenrad E. Nelson, Carolyn F. Williams) At very first, the plague was contributed after Han Empire collapsed. After six years later, the Antonine Plague occurred during 165 through 180 CE swept the Roman Empire along with 5 million others. ( Based on work of ) In early 1300’s, Mongol rulers in Asia establish a stable routes from China to the Black sea where many Italian merchants who would trade the silks highly valued in Europe. (Based on Work of Chris Butler) Apparently, the Asian black rats carried the fleas
…show more content…
(Based on work of Chris Butler) Once, an infected rat died from the plague bacillus, the hungry rat flea’s move into human. (Based on work of Ole J. Benedictow) After, the plague hit the Genoese colony in Caffa, Constantinople and southern Europe in 1347, the disease slowly turned to Germany, England and Scandinavia. (Based work on Lynn Hunt, Thomas R. Martin, Barbara H. Rosenwein and Bonnie G. Smith) The Black Death started from lower Volga to Italy then Egypt in 1347. (Based on work of Kenrad E. Nelson, Carolyn F. Williams) The mortality of infectious disease in Renaissance profoundly affected economy, civilization and religion. Economically, the popular uprising made problems for nobles and clergy, but a higher standard of living for those who survived from plague, lead to more wealth distribution and the recovery of the economy. The Bubonic or Black Death waves affected even in development of civilization by practicing to create a strong sanitary conditions and medicine. Religiously, most of the people in Renaissance period believed the Black Death was a divine retribution; therefore, this gave more vitality to flagellants and Jews were also blamed for the cause of plague. Thus, …show more content…
The bubonic plague includes syphilis and smallpox, which this leads the city with more devastating of the epidemic diseases. Syphilis was highly contagious disease in the 1490s in Spain, Italy, and France. A venereal disease Syphilis first appeared in Europe in 1495. (Based work on Robert J Knell) After the French king invaded Naples, the plague appeared among the army of Charles VIII. Syphilis is originated from yaws and it is not sexually transmitted. (Based on Work of Charles Q. Choi) Syphilis is caused by a classification of spirochete and Treponema pallidum. The second epidemic disease of smallpox was first appeared in 1350 BCE during Egyptian-Hittite War. (Based on work of Kenrad E. Nelson, Carolyn F. Williams) Smallpox was transmitted to person to person and the skin lesion could also transmit the disease. Once the people had smallpox, there immunes were more expose to reinfection. (Sheldon J. Watts 109) Smallpox was spread through during Arabian expansion, the Crusades, the discovery of the West Indies, and the colonization of the Americans. The disease was unknown in the New World, but Cortez was killed by smallpox after they routed in battle in 1520. Then smallpox spread across the Americas and this caused even more unexposed American populations.
The bubonic plague, also known as Black Death, is a prime example of the diseases transported throughout the Silk Roads. It is believed that this disease originally started in south China and was spread to northern China via Mongol warriors and Chinese travelers, eventually spreading westward along the Silk Roads and trade lanes to the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. The bubonic plague is caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium and is spread by flea bites. Usually, fleas prefer to live on rats, but the large decrease in rat population due to the Little Ice Age caused the fleas to seek new hosts. The disease was previously localized to Mongolia and central Asia because of the nomadic lifestyle, but they could survive in sacks of grain and clothing and with the increase of trade along the Silk Roads, the fleas quickly made their way across the Mediterranean. Europeans were not prepared for this type of catastrophe and consequently suspended their daily lives. Many people abandoned their houses, churches and schools closed, and the sick were quarantined inside their homes while bodies of the deceased were piled in the streets and buried in mass graves. In some cases, the infected were burned along with their belongings in an effort to destroy the disease. By the end of the initial outbreak, almost 40% of Europe's population had died and trade had been brought to a halt. The Black Death had profoundly changed the political, social, economic, religious, and cultural foundations of modern Europe (Acrobatiq,
The Black Death was one of the most devastating worldwide diseases in human history. The disease had came from central Asia and was brought to China by traders and Mongols from 1334-1347. Mongol protection of the trade may have also caused the disease to spread along the “Silk Road” to Crimea. During a Mongol attack against Caffa in 1347, the Mongolian army population began to drop. The Mongols had catapulted the dead bodies into the city where the fleas on the corpses were now spreading into Caffa.
The Black Death, also known as the bubonic plague, was a disease that devastated Medieval Europe, between 1346 and 1352 it killed 45 million people, wiping out a third of Europe's population. Today, we know that there were many causes of the Black Death. Medieval towns had no system of drains, sewers or trash collections. In such slovenly conditions, germs could grow, and diseased rats could call these medieval towns their homes and infect the people who lived there. Many historians believed the plague originated in china and spread to other countries by trade routes. Infected people and/or infected rodents such as mice or black rats. The Black Death was caused by strains of the bubonic plague. The plague lived in fleas, and fleas lived on
From the Mediterranean, the Bubonic plague spread along the Indian Ocean and from the Indian Ocean, it spread to China. As the Bubonic plague spread to China, it became very easy to keep spreading along the Silk Road, and eventually hit Europe where the deadliest “Black Death” occurred in 1347. This plague killed approximately 25-35 million people, which made up a third of the human population. This whole thing began when the Mongols launched an attack on the Italian merchant’s last trading station in the region. Then in 1346, plague broke out among the besiegers and from them entered into the town. Later attempting to flee the plague, the Italian merchants fled to their ships, unknowingly carrying the diseases with them. The diseases were also spread from place to place by fleas on rats, or other kinds of rodents who traveled along these trade routes. The Indian Ocean and Silk Road are similar in that the Bubonic Plague spread throughout both trade networks because since trade was very popular and happened all the time, people unknowingly would catch the disease from one place, only to be spreading it to their next stop, causing it to spread across the regions very
The Bubonic Plague, also known as the Black Death, was a fatal disease that affected millions of people. Originated from China, the Bubonic Plague spread throughout Europe and made its way to Italy in 1347. (document 1) The Black Death, which covered the body with dark and livid spots, was difficult to treat. No one knew how to treat the disease nor how it began to spread.
The black plague, also known as the bubonic plague, swept its way across Europe beginning in 1346 A.D. , killing an estimated thirty to fifty percent of the total population. The plague was spread by fleas infected with Yersinia pestis, and was carried over oceans by hitchhiking rats and pet gerbils. The plague outbreak that decimated the population was transported by infected Christian merchants
The Plague that struck Europe and Asia in the 14th century was probably the most devastating disease or natural disaster the world ever faced. The Bubonic Plague or Black Death killed an estimated 25 million people from 1347 to 1352 in Europe which accounted for one third of Europe’s population.??-1 It is believed to have started in Asia and then spread to Europe. The Bubonic Plague was not just limited to this period in time. It would reappear through the centuries including the Great Plague of London around 1656 in which 20% of London residents died from it.??-2 Although some of the latter breakouts of the plague were also catastrophic, this paper will primarily focus on the plague from the 1300s. More specifically, this paper will
The Black Death “bubonic plague” was not picky when choosing its victims during the medieval times and thrived in heavily populated areas. The symptoms of the Black death were, “boils the size of eggs in their groins and armpits, black blotches on their skin, foul odors, and severe pain” (The Earth and its People pg. 309). The sudden occurrence of the Black Death is still not fully known, but “The origins of the Black Death can be traced back to the Gobi Desert of Mongolia in the 1320s.” ( Geoffrey), by fleas, mosquitoes, and rats transferring the Yersinia pestis bacteria. The plague had major effects on trade, the economy, social status, and the religion of Europe and China. However, out of all the bad things about the Black Death, good
The Black Death or the Bubonic Plague, was a huge plague that killed 20-50% of the world’s population. It all started in the 14th century where a flea called the Oriental Rat Flea, they would come usually on rat’s backs and later go on to humans. The rats would give painful swellings or “buboes” on some places, like the armpit. This was very dangerous, because it also would travel to the nervous system, and which led to death. The whole process took about a week and overall was very difficult at the time to stop. The Plague took the most overall on Europe, where 20 million people would die or one-third of their population.
In the 14th century the Black Death engulfed Europe killing an estimated 50 million people. The pandemic is considered extraordinary because it did so in a matter of months. This disease was carried by fleas, the Bubonic Plague is caused by a bacteria called Yersinia pestis, found mainly in rodents, in this case in rats, and the fleas that feed on them.
The Black Death infected the entire continent of Europe in the years from 1347 to 1353. This bubonic plague killed over 200 million citizens, half the world’s population at the time! First, the disease infected fleas, which housed on the rats. This made the rats a transportation method for the Black Death. For example, “Each time a flea or rat bit a human, this person automatically contracted the Black Death” as stated on the History Channel. Secondly, the Black Death spread throughout the continent because of people’s travels. For instance, “It was first discovered in Europe when sailboats docked in Messina and were full of people who had contracted this Black Death,” as also stated on the History Channel. Lastly, the Black Death was a very
The Black Death was a combination of three plagues from three bacterial strains, bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic. In 1346, European traders began to hear rumors about a fearful plague that was causing havoc in China. The Black Death was spreading through these trade routes causing the plague to fall right on the doorsteps of the Middle East and Europe. The Black Death killed about 20 to 45% of the population it encountered and is known as one of the most destructive natural disasters in the history of the world. When The Black Death
The Black Death was one of the most life-changing pandemics in history. It was first discovered 550 years later in the 1800s by Alexandre Yersin, a french biologist. In his honor, the plague was named Yersinia Pestis. The plague traveled in two major ways. Yersin discovered that it traveled by infected fleas; the flea would attempt to feed on a human or animal and would then regurgitate the disease into the new host, further spreading the illness. Urban areas across Europe were populous with rats, which were one of the main hosts of the plague. These rodents spread the Black Death throughout cities in days. The unaffected still were not safe if they did not come in contact with an infected flea or rat. The plague also traveled pneumonically, or through the air. It caused large boils full of blood and pus, which would pop and spread. Another symptom was coughing, which was one of the many ways of proliferation. The disease eventually spread throughout Europe and killed a third of it’s population. It’s wrath caused many shortages, loss in hope, riots, and even some good things, such as many changes in art, science, and education. Therefore, the Black Death was one of the most life-changing pandemics in history.
The black death was one of the deadliest plagues there's been, in the mid 14th century the plague spread around the world traveling from china to Europe, this plague was responsible for the death of more than one-third of the population of Europe and the middle east. At this time there were a lot of Christians and Muslims at this time and places it affected both very badly but they reacted to the plague very differently.The black death had a lot of names some include ‘The Great Pestilence’, the great plague and the black death.in five short years this plague killed between 25 and 45 percent of population it encountered including children and women .Historians believe that the black death was caused by bacterial strains and this strains came from the stomach and certain fleas of rotten but more specifically the black rat. The black death was a combination of 3 plagues Bubonic,Pneumonic and septicemic one deadlier than the other one.
The Bubonic Plague (Black Death) came out of the Eastern Mediterranean along shipping routes, reaching Italy in the spring of 1348. By the time the epidemic was obtaining in 1351, between 25% and 50% of Europeans population had died. The epidemic is believed to have started in China and made its way west across Asia to the Black Sea. Because people had no defense against disease and no understanding of how it spread, it brought panic as well as illness and death. This was so devastating to the European society because it spread so rapidly, it caused chaos in society, and killed a fraction of the population.